Definition of Dependent and Independent clauses:

A clause is defined as a group of words containing both the subject and a verb that generally describes the main action of a subject of a sentence. There are two kinds of clauses one is the dependent clause and the other is the Independent Clause.

Dependent Clause: A dependent clause is a type of clause that has a subject and verb and is introduced by a subordinate conjunction or a relative pronoun, but does not express a complete thought. A dependent clause is not a complete sentence. Dependent Clauses are sometimes known as the Subordinate Clauses containing a subject and a verb that do not express a complete thought of a sentence. Dependent clauses depend on an independent clause so as to form a complete sentence. They cannot stand alone. Dependent clauses can be recognized easily as they begin with a subordinating conjunction such as one of the following such as- after, before, until, when, although, since, if, because, while, even, though. Some of the example of dependent clause attached to the independent clauses is stated as follows:

Example 1: Because the heavy rains flooded the entrance to the subdivision.

Here because is the Subject conjunction, flooded is the verb

Example 2: After Laura carefully read the assigned chapter.

Here After is the subject Conjunction, Laura is the subject and read is the verb.

Example 3: What Jason did was not very helpful.

Example 4: While I was asleep the Cat knocked over the planet.

Dependent marker words are defined as words that are added at the beginning of an independent clause making it a dependent clause such as  after, although, as, if, because, before, even, even though, in order to, since, though, unless, until, whatever, while and many more.

Independent Clause:  An independent clause is also known as a simple sentence which includes a subject and a verb while expressing the thoughts completely. Independent clauses are independent and can stand alone. Independent clauses can be used to form complete sentences. They contain a subject and a verb and express a complete thought. With the help of right punctuation the sentences can be combined with the dependent clauses, phrases and other independent clauses so as to create complex and compound sentences.

Example 1: Juliet, a border collie puppy, prefers to chase apples and pears.

Here Juliet is the subject and prefer is the verb.

Example 2: Jason had coffee with breakfast.

Example 3: Frequent studying helps students earn better marks.

Independent marker word: A connecting word that can be used at the beginning of independent clause like consequently, furthermore, nevertheless, moreover and many more. When the second independent clause in a sentence begins with a coordinating conjunction it is important to put a comma before the coordinating conjunction.

Significance of Dependent and Independent clauses:

Independent and Dependent clauses are the building blocks of a sentence. A single independent clause can be a sentence by itself..  However a dependent clause is mainly used to make sentences more complete and more interesting. While using proper conjunctions and punctuations, dependent and independent clauses can be joined together to create interesting and complex compound sentences. An independent clause can stand on its own and also it does not need to be joined to other clauses as it contains all the information that are necessary in order to form a complete sentence. There are about three components of independent clauses.  An independent clause is as simple as a subject and a verb.

Example:

Jim reads.

Here Jim is the subject, Reads is the action or verb, Here through the sentence, a complete thought is expressed about something that was said and the reader comes to know that Jim likes to read.

Independent clauses are the first kind of clause in this sentence. Jim is the subject, read is  the action and book is the object. The second clause is an independent clause. He is te subject, enjoyed is the action and book is the object.

The independent clauses are related so that they can be joined to create a complex sentence. When there are two independent clauses, but the independent clauses are not joined properly, that is they are joined only by the help of a comma then this situation is said to have a grammatical error known as comma splice. Independent clauses sometimes can be a bit complex  but the advantage ion using independent clause is that they make sense on their own.