1. What is Sodomy?

Sodomy or buggery is oral or anal sex between human beings or sexual activities between an animal and a human being. It might even refer to all types of non procreative sexual activities. This term “sodomy” is being derived from the adaptation of Sodom and Gomorrah, present in the Book of Genesis and is commonly limited to oral sex. The laws of Sodomy within several countries have been criminalized the significant behaviour. Numerous laws are present and had been overturned for routine enforcement in the Western parts of the world. This term has been undertaken from Ecclesiastical Latin Sodomiticum, which means sin of Sodom. According to chapters 18 to 20 of Genesis book, God had wanted to demolish the sinful cities of Gomorrah and Sodom.

Lot invited two angels for taking refuge with the family for an entire night. The male community in Sodom surrounded the house of Lot and also demanded that he should bring those angels out of the house so that they are able to fulfil their sexual activities. However, Lot protested against these men and mentioned that the angels were his guests and decided to offer his virgin daughters to them. The Sodomites did not agree to his point and threatened that they might kill Lot. After this incident, the angels stroke the male community in Sodom completely blind for the purpose of wearing themselves and finding a door to escape. In the present usage, this term Sodomy is mainly utilized in laws. There are few laws, which prohibited sodomy frequently in the past civilization of Islam, Christian and Jew, however this term has little modern utilization outside the United States, Asia and Africa. All of these laws within the United States of America were being challenged and comprised of sometimes been found unconstitutional and also been completely replaced with new laws.

Several cognates are present for different languages like sodomie in French and sodomia in Spanish and Portuguese. These are being utilized exclusively for penetrative anal sex that is being in use since the early 19^th century. In other languages, this particular term is often present vernacular and not only legal like in the other cultures. It is a formalized method to refer to any kind of practice for anal penetration. This word of sex is mainly associated with pleasure as well as consent in respect to each and every involved party and it even tries to avoid direct mentioning of the two important factors for social taboo like anus and human sexuality. It did not shun or have an archaic connotation towards utilization.  

2. What are the various laws that still address it today? 

There are numerous laws, which still address to sodomy in present world. The sodomy law is the type of law, which eventually defines certain acts of sexuality as subsequent crime. Every significant sexual activity is being meant by the term of sodomy. It is rarely being spelled out within a distinctive law, however these laws are generally being understood by the court for inclusion of any kind of sexual activity that is deemed to become immoral or unnatural. This particular sexual activity mainly involves bestiality, oral sex and anal sex. The laws of sodomy are being enforced against any particular hetero sexual couple and also have been major utilized to target the homo sexual. During the month of June in the year of 2019, almost sixty nine countries and even five sub national jurisdictions in the world have certain laws and rules, which criminalized homo sexuality to the most. However, during the year of 2006, this number was only ninety two. Within these sixty nine countries, almost forty four of the countries eventually criminalize not only the male homo sexuality, but also female homo sexuality. Amongst almost eleven of these countries, this homo sexuality is being punished to almost death penalty.

During the year of 2011, the United Nations Human Rights Council has passed a resolution of LGBT rights that was being followed up by the report that is published by the United Nations Human Rights Commissioner that involved proper scrutinization of the mentioned codes. The Middle Assyrian Law codes eventually state that when a man has intercourse with the brother in arms, these codes might turn him into a eunuch. It is the earliest known law, which condemn an act of male to male sexual relation within the military. Within the Roman Republic, the respective Lex Scantinia had imposed subsequent penalties over those, who have committed a sex crime or stuprum against the free born male minor. This particular law might even have been utilized for prosecuting the male citizens, who willingly had played a passive role within the same sex activities. This law was being mentioned within the literacy sources, however were enforced frequently. Domitian had revived this role while completing the program of moral as well as judicial reforms.

It is absolutely unclear whether the penalty given to the sinful was mere a fine or death. To make the adult male citizen act or experience on the homoerotic desires were being considered as permissible or nature, only until their partners were the members of low social standing. Most of the sodomy associated laws within the Western civilization eventually originated from development of Christianity in the Late Antiquity. Few Christian denominations had to allow homo sexual marriages as per the coordination for gay clergies. During the initiation of the 12^th century, this Roman Catholic Church had to launch a huge campaign against the sodomites, majorly homo sexual. Within the years of 1250 and 1300, the activities of homo sexuality was being radically criminalized in the maximum parts of Europe. This was also punishable by death penalties. In Great Britain, the first law under English criminal law was being introduced against sodomy with the respective Buggery Act of 1533, thus making sodomy highly punishable by death. However, it was demolished in Tuscany during the year of 1786. Until then, numerous laws have been prevailing in the entire world.