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Case Study Report: Coal Corporation Network Implementation
Introduction 
The coal Corporation consist of two offices one in the Perth CBD and another is in the 30 km north from the Northram which is a remote site. In this remote side the Coal Corporation start a new mining project. The Coal Corporation wants local area network setup for their new remote site. The remote site consists of three different network. One is for the financial department, second one is company executive and another one is for the anyone within the company. The Coal Corporation wants the first two network that are finance and the executive network must be secure. This report consists the detail network configuration for the Coal Corporation. Moreover, this document consists of the use of different type of cable or media used for this network and its cost, the detail IP configuration with sub netting. On the other hand, the Coal Corporation think about their future and they suggest the IPv6 IP address. Therefore, the network engineer includes a detail IPv6 networking configuration and subnetting in this report. With the details of IP sub netting, the network engineer includes the different type of routers and switch details which are used in the network design. Furthermore, the network designer provides the proper justification for using these routers and switches and their cost also include with this report. 
Assumptions
The Coal Corporation Company specifically passes on their prerequisites in the worded situation. Be that as it may, the necessities are extremely concise and unexplained in detail. Because of this, suspicions must be made for a significant number of the conceivable cases that are undescribed or unaddressed. It is noticed that the Coal Corporation Company requires the quantity of destinations and servers to continue as before. We have expected that this perfect is resolute and along these lines, our system plan ought not block on their goals. Our system arranges endeavors to accomplish the most ideal outline answer for the Coal Corporation Company while staying concerning the's desires. Another critical suspicion is for why the organization has a LAN (Local Area Network) particularly only for the 4 servers. It has become obvious this was not clarified. Our joined presumption was that the organization could conceivably be wanting to use distributed computing, which is the act of remotely utilizing a PC or gadget to associate, through Internet, to a server for a scope of purposes, for example, putting away and overseeing information or executing applications.
Type of media
Optical fiber links are most appropriate for accomplishing the system arrange. A solid suggestion is made to use this media for the primary reason of its leverage over long separation correspondence and association. This kind of link likewise gives different various advantages to the Coal Corporation Company, for example, media transmission and PC organizing, sparing working space by using the link channels, giving invulnerability against electrical obstruction while having no electrical conduction happen. 

Optical fiber links can profit the Coal Corporation Company, especially when associations are required over separations. As to fundamental associations inside the organization, optical fiber links give a safe strategy for exchange/get between the diverse ranges. This is because of the low weakening misfortune over separations. Lessening alludes to the decrease in quality of a flag. Since there is a low measure of weakening, transmissions will now be more effective when sent over more prominent separations when contrasted with remote associations or other link sorts. Remote associations are unsatisfactory for long separation transmissions. Remote systems are likewise restricted because of their little scope of association, which is an impediment considering the various locales of the Coal Corporation Company. 

Optical fiber has better execution in correlation than other link sorts. Different links sorts, for example, copper wires, don't have the execution capacity to coordinate optical fiber. Data transfer capacity is the rate of transmission for signs over a separation. The length of transfer speed for different links falls quickly when traversing more prominent separations. Optical fiber can keep up flag quality amid transmission. Other link's frequencies begin from DC (0 recurrence) to 1 GHz, a transfer speed 6 of 1 (GHz alludes to the speed and operation of the system and preparing related with it). In any case, optical fiber has a scope of 175 GHz to 250 GHz, likens to a transfer speed of 75 THz (75,000 GHz). There is an obvious noteworthy distinction between the two sorts of wires, which uncovers that optical fiber is predominant as far as general execution. Albeit optical fiber links are better execution astute, the disservice is the high cost of the links. The picked optical fiber link, GigaPOF120SR-CB-SMP Fiber Optic Cable, is moderately valued at $1.43 AUD per meter. Unmistakably the high cost precisely compares to the quality and execution of a superior association answer for the Coal Corporation Company. Notwithstanding, slighting the costs concerning the decision for the link sort, the advantages of choosing optical fiber over option wires additionally incorporates security of data. Copper wires can be taken advantage of with the odds of location low in numbers. Picking optical fiber will unite this by updating security norms to end up noticeably less demanding to recognize data block attempts, disturbances and altering. In the interim, remote associations are additionally unacceptable since they are vulnerable to capture attempt by unapproved clients. 
In the computer and the wireless networking subnets, we will use Cat6a Ethernet cabling for connections between the switches to PCs and Access Points. We chose this option over fibre and wireless mediums because: 

• These links are all fairly short (Less than 90 metres) 
• Much lower cost when compared to fibre, and wireless (to an extent)
• More reliable than wireless as less noise and crosstalk to deal with.
• More future proof compared to Cat(5,5e,6) etc, as it can support a higher bandwidth (500MHz) transmission to run up to 10Gbit Ethernet speeds 

Overall, it is the most cost-effective solution whilst it also offers a reasonable level of future proofing when end devices need higher than 1Gbit speeds. In regards to installation requirements for Cat6a, a certified installer is recommended for well-structured and designed cabling as a certified installer limits the possibility of interference, intermittent lines, or incorrectly installed cabling.  
Subnetting  
IPv4 Address

Subnet Name

Subnet Address

Subnet Mask

Host Range of Address

Broadcast Address

Perth CBD

Finance

172.160.0.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.160.0.1-172.16.0.60

172.160.15.255

Perth CBD Sales

172.160.0.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.160.0.61-172.160.0.120

172.160.15.255

Perth CBD

Executive

172.160.0.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.160.0.121-172.160.0.150

172.160.15.255

Perth CBD

Access

172.160.1.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.160.1.1-172.160.1.250

172.160.15.255

Remote Site

Finance

172.160.2.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.160.2.1-172.160.2.30

172.160.15.255

Remote Site

Executive

172.160.2.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.160.2.31-172.160.2.50

172.160.15.255

Remote Site

Access

172.160.3.0/20

255.255.240.0

172.162.3.1-172.162.5.50

172.160.15.255

 
IPv6 Address

Subnet Name

Subnet Address and Mask (All /64)

Host Range of Addresses

Perth CBD

Finance

2001:bead:5be:0000::/64

2001:bead:5be:0000:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0000:FFFF:/64

Perth CBD Sales

2001:bead:5be:0001:/64

2001:bead:5be:0001:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0001:FFFF:/64

Perth CBD

Executive

2001:bead:5be:0002:/64

2001:bead:5be:0002:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0002:FFFF:/64

Perth CBD

Access

2001:bead:5be:0003:/64

2001:bead:5be:0003:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0003:FFFF:/64

Remote Site

Finance

2001:bead:5be:0004:/64

2001:bead:5be:0004:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0004:FFFF:/64

Remote Site

Executive

2001:bead:5be:0005:/64

2001:bead:5be:0005:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0005:FFFF:/64

Remote Site

Access

2001:bead:5be:0006:/64

2001:bead:5be:0006:0000:/64

2001:bead:5be:0006:FFFF:/64

Hardware Details
The Coal Corporation Company should be well equipped for networking essentials and necessities. Selecting the appropriate hardware for the Coal Corporation Company is important, in order to allow the company to operate as efficiently as possible with minimal disruptions of their communications and connections. Essentially, there are two main devices needed, a switch and a router. Without these hardware devices, the network cannot connect to each computer used within the company and would therefore render them useless as a collective. They are the effective means of achieving the Coal Corporation Company’s network plan.
Router Details
As for the appropriate router, it is recommended that, for compatibility reasons, the Coal Corporation Company should consider purchasing multiple CISCO 4451 routers. This Cisco branded router is a good choice since it is lower in cost compared to other brands, while providing maximum flexibility. However, the main reason for choosing this router is the consideration of network expansion over the next 3 to 10 years of the Coal Corporation Company’s presence. The business company could optionally expand further, while inter connectivity is maintained due to the structural organization and layout of the network to be adjustable and flexible, when increasing the size and depth of the continuously developing network boundary. Additionally, this 4451 router will accelerate various network applications such as Ethernet WAN (Wide Area Network) access, inter-VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) routing and high-speed connectivity LAN (Local Area Network) with the switches and necessary servers. With regards to required bandwidth for the Coal Corporation Company, this selected router conveniently supports high-bandwidth location to location communication with speeds peaking up to 10 Gbps. This is more than suitable for the Coal Corporation Company to connect completely and professionally. 
 

Technical Specification

Cisco 4451

Aggregate Throughput

1 Gbps to 2 Gbps

Total onboard WAN or LAN 10/100/1000 ports

4

RJ-45-based ports

4

SFP-based ports

4

Default memory DDR3 ECC DRAM

4 GB

Maximum memory DDR3 ECC DRAM

2 GB

Default memory DDR3 ECC DRAM

2 GB

Maximum flash memory

32 GB

Protocols

IPv4, IPv6, static routes, Routing Information Protocol Versions 1 and 2 (RIP and RIPv2), Open Shortest Path First (OSPF), Enhanced IGRP (EIGRP), Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), BGP Router Reflector, Intermediate System-to-Intermediate System (IS-IS), Multicast Internet Group Management Protocol Version 3 (IGMPv3), Protocol Independent Multicast sparse mode (PIM SM), PIM Source Specific Multicast (SSM), RSVP, CDP, ERSPAN, IPSLA, CNS, Call Home, EEM, IKE, ACL, EVC, DHCP, FR, DNS, LISP, OTV, HSRP, RADIUS, AAA, AVC, Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP), IPv4-to-IPv6 Multicast, MPLS, Layer 2 and Layer 3 VPN, IP sec, Layer 2 Tunnelling Protocol Version 3 (L2TPv3), Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD), IEEE802.1ag, and IEEE 802.3 ah

Traffic management

QoS, Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing (CBWFQ), Weighted Random Early Detection (WRED), Hierarchical QoS, Policy-Based Routing (PBR), Performance Routing, and NBAR.

Switch Details
A proper switch, which would be reasonable for setting up the individual systems at Coal Corporation organization branches, is the Cisco Catalyst 2960-X arrangement switch display. The purpose behind this systems administration choice is gotten from an interest for a la mode proficiency for the Coal Corporation Company and the workplace of the branches. This switch similarly offers cleverer components, for example, robotized establishment, mechanized port design and investigating, and in addition higher execution with between system associations. In the interim, the advantages from picking a Cisco Catalyst 2960-X switch would be boundlessly more propelled innovation contrasted with obsolete switches. This switch is a blend of both layer 2 and layer 3 switches. This compares to an accommodation by just having a solitary switch. Additionally, if the Coal Corporation Company were to settle on this specific sort of switch, the likelihood for extension of their business and organization would be practical since there is a use of IPv6 addresses on their system. It then ends up plainly clear that IPv4 and IPv6 could empower the Coal Corporation Company's system to end up plainly double stack, which contains hubs and gadgets that have both IP renditions empowered. This additionally gives a more prominent assortment of correspondence among the organization since there could be clashes of innovation and that hindrance could conceivably be expelled. 
Network Topology
Physical Topology
The Physical topology diagram is given bellow. The diagram is representing the basic physical design of the proposed network. The devices are placed according to the Coal Corporation requirement and problem statement. 

Figure 1: Physical Topology

Logical Topology

The logical topology diagram represents the logical structure of each device. The logical topology diagram is given below: 

 

Figure: Logical Topology

Internet Access
The Coal Corporation Company is an expansive enterprise with various branches of a similar business. Hence, to keep up powerful correspondence between the different destinations, a dependable web get to must be picked. The sort of web gets to proposed for the Coal Corporation Company is NBN (National Broadband Network). The elements of choosing NBN incorporate a higher association speed and speed crests, great sound/visual exchanging for video conferencing purposes, the cost is moderately reasonable ($69.99 every month), suitable for an organization the extent of the Coal Corporation and an all day, every day client bolster benefit. This web get to guarantees a sensible arrangement of fundamental components and also extra valuable resources. NBN was significantly picked over ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) due to its plentiful arrangements and points of interest. ADSL is significantly slower than NBN. This is clear upon a correlation of association speed crests: 100 mbps (NBN) instead of 12 mbps (ADSL). Furthermore, there spread of this association speed accessible would be unfeasible when utilizing ADSL. In the event that numerous hosts were to use and share the 12 mbps speed, it ends up noticeably unusable for bigger scale organizations, for example, the ADC Company. ADSL likewise has clashing issues with the wiring and links. Prior in the report, optical fiber was picked as the primary media sort for associations. Be that as it may, ADSL requires copper wiring, which is inadequate over bigger separations because of transfer speed misfortune or shortcoming. This exhibits the significance of a decent web access for the Coal Corporation Company as correspondence is appeared to be a vital part of being a removed yet joined business.
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