International Business Ethics: Policies, Challenges, And Significance Essay.

Introduction to International Business Ethics

Question:

Discuss about the Analyzing The Piece of Writing.

Asgary and Mitschow (2002), in the article, discusses and investigates the model of international business ethics. The introduction written by the authors provides an overview of the basic business ethics for the business organizations along with highlighting the lack of business ethics for the multinational business organizations at an international platform. The authors also emphasizes on the introduction that the concept of international business ethics is comparatively new thereby, making it difficult for the multinational companies to incorporate them into their business policies. The introduction of the article also consists of the viewpoints and arguments of different authors. The contradictory approach used by the authors in the introduction of the article has provided an opportunity to investigate the difficulty addressed by the multinational companies in implementing the policies in terms of human rights, child labour and bribery. Additionally, the authors have used British English thereby, making it readable by various readers internationally (Crane and Matten 2016). In the introduction to the article, the authors aim towards highlighting the basic policies of the business organizations that have been practiced over the years. Additionally, the authors have also introduced the policies that are rarely practiced by the business organizations at an international level. It can be seen that the business organizations have used international agreements, code of ethics and conferences to create an individual code of ethics that are specific to the host country and fail to carter international policy. The authors have been successful in discussing in detail the opinions of various authors in terms of the progress of developing business ethics for multinational companies at an international level. The authors have shed light on the fact that progressive industrialized countries tend to attract more business investors as they have better rules, regulations, and standards (Cavusgil et al. 2014). The authors have provided a brief overview on bribery, human rights and exploitation of child labour in the introduction of the article in the context of the code of ethics along with the significance in terms of multinational business organization at an international platform.

In the introduction, the authors have identified the major issue of setting common business ethics for all the countries. This is because different countries have different definition and mind set for considering bribery, child labour and human rights. Therefore, while conducting business at an international platform, coming to a common ground for defining bribery, child labour and human rights are extremely difficult. This is the major reason why including bribery, child labour and human rights as a part of the basic policies is difficult for the multinational companies globally (Trevino and Nelson 2016). Additionally, the authors also highlight the significant impact of the environment in creating and developing global ethics. The authors also introduce the significance of protecting water resources along with developing an effective waste management system for the business organizations for both underdeveloped and developed nations (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). The authors also emphasizes on the three major concerns for the environment to become significant to be a part of the international business ethics. The three major concerns include environmental issues by the national and international media news, externality issue and the long-term cost that is imposed on the society for cleaning up the resulting waste that needs to be incorporated as a part of the international business ethics for the multinational business organizations (Kolk 2016).

Lack of Policies for Human Rights, Child Labor and Bribery

Therefore, in the introduction of the article, the authors successfully highlights the lack of bribery, human rights, and child labour policies in the international business ethics along with providing a brief overview regarding the significance of the issues and potential reasons that hampering their inclusion within the international business ethics (Weiss 2014).

The primary aim of the article review is to provide a summary along with analyzing the piece of writing. 

Citation: The citation of the article enlightens the readers about the topic of the article along with providing giving a brief idea of what the article deals with.

Overview:  The article investigates the business ethics in terms of international business in the multinational organizations. The business organizations have basic policies with respect to employee integrity, sexual harassment, and confidentiality but lacks adequate policies in respect to human rights, child labour and bribery (Rothlin and McCann 2016). Therefore, the article discusses the significance of the aforementioned policies. Additionally, the article also reviews how effectively the policies need to be included in the international business ethics.

Overview of critical assessment: The article is significant in terms of the international business ethics as the multinational business organizations lack policies for human rights, child labour and bribery. Most of the multinational companies have policies based on sexual harassment, employee integrity, and confidentiality. Therefore, the recent changes in the international market have led to the changes of the policies and incorporations of the new policies within the international business ethics. Moreover, as the concept of international business ethics is relatively new, the article is of utmost importance. However, on the contrary, the development of any set of global business standards is difficult, as a different country have different ethics (Wild, Wild and Han 2014).

The authors have used simple yet technical language for writing the article. Considering the level and depth of understanding of international business ethics, the authors have preferred to use simple language. This has provided an opportunity for gaining a wide range of reader's attention and take interest in the topic. The language has also helped the authors in clearly explaining the facts in respect to international business ethics for the multinational business organization along with determining the depth of research that has been conducted in this field. Therefore, the simple use of language has helped in considering the article as secondary resources for conducting studies in the future. The authors have used appropriate argumentative words thereby, clearly stating the opinions and viewpoints of different authors and clearly establishing a relationship between them. The authors have cleverly used reporting verbs by carefully selecting the use of verbs and verb groups (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). Additionally, the use of semi-technical terminology shows familiarity with significant concepts within the discipline. In the introduction part, the authors have used the contradictory opinions of different authors in terms of international business ethics for the multinational business organizations. In order to distinguish the opinions and viewpoints of different authors, the authors of this article have used a contrastive conjunction. Therefore, the use of contrastive conjunction has provided an opportunity for the authors to link the positive and negative aspects of the article rightfully (Goetsch and Davis 2014).

Challenges in Implementing Policies

Summary of an aspect: The methodological approach used by the authors are evaluated by considering the topic of the research along with the findings and discussions of the study.

Evaluation of this aspect: The originality, credibility, rigor of the methodological approach along with analyzing the validity and significance of the findings is conducted in this portion of the article review.

The authors have mostly used the secondary resources for gathering data in terms of the international business ethics for various multinational companies across the globe. While conducting the research, the authors have considered the study conducted by Chan. The Chan study considered 150 Australian and 150 Canadian random business organizations within the year 1991. After selecting the business organizations, the authors asked questions in terms of major ethical problems encountered by the organization along with the frequency of the problem and significance of the problem. The Chan study highlighted that large-scale bribery along with cultural differences and political factors are the major issues that influence the business ethics of the country (Kiss, Danis and Cavusgil 2012). Similarly, the authors have considered various other secondary resources for collecting data and drawing a relevant conclusion.

Additionally, the authors have considered a 1994 study of 500 Fortune industrial and 500 service corporations that emphasized on formal corporate ethics policies, structures, activities, and personnel. This study evaluated how these 100 business organizations incorporated ethics into their corporate policies. The authors successfully derived that all the business organizations have some sort of ethical standards that the employees can contact if they encounter any issues at the workplace in day-to-day life. However, on the contrary, the lack of immediate feedback questioned the efficiency of the business ethics (Collis and Hussey 2013). Therefore, after a detailed background on the various business ethics, the authors have used secondary analysis for analysing the business ethics and policies of different multinational business organizations. The authors have considered data from various studies that have been conducted since 1991 to 2002 and analysed the results of the studies. The authors have been able to successfully distinguish between the data and information of different studies and present them by critically evaluating them. In order to present the data from different studies, the authors have used evaluative vocabulary (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). Therefore, the use of evaluative vocabulary has helped in conveying the positive assessment of the rigor along with justifying the originality of the approach (Aguinis and Glavas 2012).

Significance of Protecting the Environment

Additionally, implicit positive evaluation of the rigor and credibility of the methodological approach is conveyed by mentioning the data and information from various secondary resources. The authors have critically evaluated the data and information found from various secondary resources and presented them using a contrastive conjunction. The use of contrastive conjunction has helped in presenting the different ideas of the different secondary resources in an appropriate manner thereby, determining the concerns of the international business ethics for multinational business organizations (Ismaeel and Blaim 2012).

After the methodological approach, the authors have used secondary analysis for deriving the findings and conclusion of the study. While deducing a conclusion, the authors have mentioned the source of the information and data used for formulating the entire research. The authors have successfully derived separate conclusions from each of the studies that they have used as a secondary resource (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). After separately stating and discussing the findings from different research, the authors have established a relationship between the findings successfully. The establishment of a successful relationship between the findings of different studies has helped in deducing an authentic conclusion. Therefore, the authors have been able to develop a deeper understanding regarding the major issues in the business ethics and methods of mitigating the issues in terms of the business ethics (Casmir 2013).

Summary of evaluation: The authors summarizes main points in the review stage in terms of evaluating each aspect.

Overall assessment: The authors highlight the readers the positive assessment in terms of the rigour and importance and negative assessment in terms of the accessibility.

Conclusion

While concluding the journal article, the authors the authors provide a comprehensive review of the past research in terms of international business ethics for multinational business organizations. However, the authors have failed to explain the findings in simple terms along with real life and primary examples. As a result, the research has become inaccessible to lay the audiences who are nevertheless the stakeholders of the business organizations and determining the business ethics of the company (Michalos 2017). Additionally, the authors have concluded that the major problem is that the multinational companies feel that the foreigners will lack respect for their home culture. The authors have used simple language to deduce conclusion and summarize the findings of different sources of information and relating to the current research article successfully (Wild, Wild and Han 2014). The accessibility of the research is compromised due to the comprehensiveness and contemporary nature of the study. The authors have used evaluative vocabulary that has helped in conveying the positive assessment of the rigour and significance of the study and negative assessment of the degree of detail and lack of focus (Mahoney 2013). However, on the other hand, the authors have used a contrastive conjunction. The use of contrastive conjunction has provided an opportunity for the authors to link and establish a relationship between the positive and negative aspects of the research. Additionally, the use of modal terms has reduced the strength of negative evaluation.

References

Aguinis, H. and Glavas, A., 2012. What we know and don’t know about corporate social responsibility: A review and research agenda. Journal of management, 38(4), pp.932-968.

Asgary, N. and Mitschow, M.C., 2002. Toward a model for international business ethics. Journal of Business Ethics, 36(3), pp.239-246.

Casmir, F.L. ed., 2013. Ethics in intercultural and international communication. Routledge.

Cavusgil, S.T., Knight, G., Riesenberger, J.R., Rammal, H.G. and Rose, E.L., 2014. International business. Pearson Australia.

Collis, J. and Hussey, R., 2013. Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave macmillan.

Crane, A. and Matten, D., 2016. Business ethics: Managing corporate citizenship and sustainability in the age of globalization. Oxford University Press.

Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson.

Ismaeel, M. and Blaim, K., 2012. Toward applied Islamic business ethics: responsible halal business. Journal of Management Development, 31(10), pp.1090-1100.

Kiss, A.N., Danis, W.M. and Cavusgil, S.T., 2012. International entrepreneurship research in emerging economies: A critical review and research agenda. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(2), pp.266-290.

Kolk, A., 2016. The social responsibility of international business: From ethics and the environment to CSR and sustainable development. Journal of World Business, 51(1), pp.23-34.

Mahoney, J., 2013. Teaching business ethics in the UK, Europe and the USA: A comparative study. Bloomsbury Publishing.

Michalos, A.C., 2017. The impact of trust on business, international security and the quality of life. In How Good Policies and Business Ethics Enhance Good Quality of Life (pp. 127-153). Springer International Publishing.

Rothlin, S. and McCann, D., 2016. International Business Ethics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg: Imprint: Springer,.

Trevino, L.K. and Nelson, K.A., 2016. Managing business ethics: Straight talk about how to do it right. John Wiley & Sons.

Weiss, J.W., 2014. Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Wild, J.J., Wild, K.L. and Han, J.C., 2014. International business. Pearson Education Limited.