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Prepare a report in a document file (.doc or .docx) which includes all relevant tables and figures, using the following structure:

  1. Section 1: Introduction
  2. Give a brief introduction about the assignment and search related article and write

a paragraph of summary which supports your assignment. You need to give the full citation of the article.

  1. Dataset 1: Give a short description about this dataset. Is this primary or secondary data? What are types of variablesinvolved? Explain briefly what are the possible cases used in this study.
  2. Dataset 2: Explain how you collect the data and discuss its limitation (e.g. whether your sample is biased). Is this primary or secondary data? What is/are the type(s) of variable(s) involved? Give a description of cases you consider for this data set.
  3. Section 2: Analysis of single variable in Dataset 1
  4. To answer research question “Which type of public transport was most used by the NSW people during 8th to 14th of August 2016?”, provide a suitable numerical summary and graphical display for the variables mode of Dataset 1. Give a detailed comment to answer the research question.
  5. Now to answer research question “Are there more than 50% of public transport users in NSW use the particular mode of transport found in Part a?” setup an appropriate hypotheses, perform hypotheses test and answer the research question by writing the conclusion of the test.
  6. Section 3: Analysis of two variables in Dataset 1

NSW Government need to decide on whether they have to build an underground Railway line from either Parramatta, Bankstown or Gosford to central. To prepare a Recommendation for this;

  1. Give a numerical summary and an appropriate graphical display for the variables location, by only considering those three stations; and the variable count by considering the data with trains only.
  2. Perform a suitable hypothesis test at a 5% level of significance to test whether there is difference between mean counts of taps on and off.
  3. Use the conclusion of the test in part b and the outputs in part a to write a recommendation to NSW government
Summary

Transport is a very important factor of production in any economy. This is because it facilitates the movement of goods and services from one place to another thereby creating place utility (Dey, 2010). It is for this reason that every government is keen to allocate more resources to the transport sector as the benefits from it cannot be gainsaid. It’s normally a ripple effect of benefits or losses when the transport sector is affected positively or negatively respectively. There are different modes of transport however different amount of emphasis is put on a particular mode depending on the volume of activities that takes place within that particular mode (Halder, 2012) and (Munshi, 2010). For example, it is true that the most spread transport network in most parts of the world is road transport (Rogerson, 2010). This is followed by rail and probably air transport. More focus will always be on the mode of transport that serves the largest population (Badhuri, 2013).

According to Professor Bilal Gilni in the journal titled “International journal of economic research”, utilization of the many resources in an economy cannot be exhaustive without transport. He opines that the control of an economy is dependent hugely on transport development. He also added that the most developing countries have had poor economy due to poor transport network. According to him, the extent of development in any economy is attributed to the cost of transportation.

The data in this report entailed transport details with the train. There were three main variables that were collected. The variables include both numerical and categorical variables. The numerical variable was the count which represented the total number of tap on or off.  The categorical variables included location, tap and mode of transport. Location variable are where the buses and trains stop to drop and pick passengers. Mode variable is the means of transport. These include the bus and the train. Lastly, there was tap which is an on or an off.

The second dataset has three variables. These are gender and mode transport preference. Both of the variables are categorical variables. The data can be said to be primary since it was collected through survey.

This research had the following main objectives

  • To determine the type of public transport that was being used mostly by the New South Wales people between 8thand 14th of August, 2014.
  • To establish whether there are more than 50% public transport users in New South Wales that uses a particular mode of transport.

Research questions

  • Is there difference in mean counts of taps on and off
  • Is there a significant difference between males and females when it comes to the choice of mode of transport?

Research hypothesis

Hypothesis 1

H0: There is no significant difference in the mean number of tap counts between on and offs.

Versus

H1: There is a significant difference in the mean number of tap counts between on and offs.

Importance of transport in economy

Hypothesis 2

H0: There is no significant difference between males and females when it comes to choice of mode of transport.

Versus

H1: There is a significant difference between males and females when it comes to choice of mode of transport.

ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

Section 2

  1. Which mode of public transport was used most?

Mode

Number

bus

479

ferry

37

Light trail

31

train

453

Grand Total

1000

Table 1

Figure 1

From the tabulation above, it can be observed that the number of people who used bus as their mode of transport were 479 out of 1000. This represents 47.9%. Those that used ferry as their mode of transport were 37 out of 1000. This represents 3.7%. Those that used light rail as their mode of transport were 31 out of 1000. This represents 3.1%. The number of people who used bus as their mode of transport was 453 out of 1000. This represents 45.3%. Comparing the results in the table above, it can therefore be concluded that the mode of public transport that was mostly used was the bus (479) then followed closely by train (453). The least used mode of transport was light rail (31).

  1. Is there a mode of transport that is used by more than 50% of the public?

Hypothesis

H0: There is no mode of transport that is used by more than 50% of the public.  

Versus

H1: There is a mode of transport that is used by more than 50% of the public.

Mode

Number

Percentage

bus

479

47.9%

ferry

37

3.7%

Light rail

31

3.1%

train

453

45.3%

Grand Total

1000

Table 2

The results from table two show that no mode of public transport was used by more than 50% of the public. Thus the null hypothesis is accepted and alternative rejected. It is concluded that there is a mode of transport that is used by more than 50% of the public.

Section 3

  1. Summary for location and count

LOCATION

COUNT

Bankstown Station

568

Gosford Station

438

Parramatta Station

538

Table 3

Figure 2

The table and figure 2 above shows the number of counts per station. It can be observed that Bankstown town had the highest number of people 568 (37%) travelling. The second station that had the highest number was Parramatta; 538 (35%). The station that had the least number of passengers of the three stations was Gosford (438 – 28%).

This is important information to the government of New South Wales who want to build an underground railway line. The research recommend to the government to consider building the underground railway line from Bankstown to Central since it has the most number of passengers among the three stations.

  1. Hypothesis test

Hypothesis

H0: There is no significant difference in the mean number of tap counts between on and offs.

Versus

H1: There is a significant difference in the mean number of tap counts between on and offs.

Train data analysis

Results

ANOVA Tableclose

df

SS

MS

F

Groups

1

125348.4

125348.4

2.085

Error

997

59930417.4

60110.8

Total

998

60055765.7

Table 4

It can be observed that the p-value is 0.02. This value is greater than the alpha value which is 0.05. Since p-value is greater than the level of significance, then the null hypothesis is not violated and we maintain that there is no significant difference in the mean number of tap counts between on and offs.

This is important information to the government of New South Wales who want to build an underground railway line. The research recommend to the government to consider building the underground railway line from Bankstown to Central since it has the most number of passengers who arrive and board from the station.

SECTION 4

Analysis for dataset 2

  1. Hypothesis test

Test for the difference in mode preference between males and females

Hypothesis

H0: There is no difference in mode preference between male and female.

Versus

H1: There is a significant difference in mode preference between male and female.

Results

t-Test: Paired Two Sample for Means

MALE

FEMALE

Mean

2.52

2.53

Variance

1.06020202

0.978888889

Observations

100

100

Pearson Correlation

0.153091503

Hypothesized Mean Difference

0

df

99

t Stat

-0.076090816

P(T<=t) one-tail

0.469750202

t Critical one-tail

1.660391156

P(T<=t) two-tail

0.939500404

t Critical two-tail

1.984216952

Table 5

It can be observed from the results above that the there was a deviation from the hypothesized mean difference by -0.47 t-standard deviations. It can also be observed that the p-value is 0.46. This value is greater than the alpha value which is 0.05. Since p-value is greater than the level of significance, then the null hypothesis is not violated and we maintain that there is a significant difference in mode preference between males and females.

  1. Graphical representation of mode preference by gender

Figure 3

The figure above shows the distribution of the two genders by the mode of transport that they like. It can be seen that 17 female and 20 males preferred travelling by bus. Under ferry, the males and females preferred it in equal measure. 32 females and 28 males preferred travelling by light rail. 19 females and 20 males preferred travelling by light rail.

SECTION 5

Conclusion

The research found that the number of people who used bus as their mode of transport were 479 out of 1000. This represents 47.9%. Those that used ferry as their mode of transport were 37 out of 1000. This represents 3.7%. Those that used light rail as their mode of transport were 31 out of 1000. This represents 3.1%. The number of people who used bus as their mode of transport was 453 out of 1000. The research therefore recommends to the government to consider improving bus transport since it is used by the majority. There was no mode of transport that was preferred by more than 50% of the people. IBankstown town had the highest number of people 568 (37%) travelling. The second station that had the highest number was Parramatta; 538 (35%). The station that had the least number of passengers of the three stations was Gosford (438 – 28%). This is important information to the government of New South Wales who want to build an underground railway line. The research recommend to the government to consider building the underground railway line from Bankstown to Central since it has the most number of passengers among the three stations.

References

Dey, Teesta, R. 2010. “Sub-urban Railway Network of Kolkata A Geographical Analysis”, Sarkar, Ashis (ed.), E-Traverse, Indian Journal of Spatial Science, vol. III no. 3

Halder, D. K. ed. 2012. “Urban Transport Pricing and Planning”, Allied Publishers Limited, Kolkata.

Rogerson, Peter, A. 2010. “Statistical Methods for Geography, A Student’s Guide”, SAGE Publications Ltd., London

Bhaduri, 2013. “Mass Transport Services in Calcutta Metropolitan Area”, Vaidya, B.C. (ed.), Geography of Transport Development of India, Concept Publishing Company. New Delhi.

Munshi, Sunil, K. 2010. Geography of Transportation in Eastern India under the British Raj, Calcutta

Cite This Work

To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below:

My Assignment Help. (2021). Report On NSW Transport Network. Retrieved from https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/bus708-statistics-and-data-analysis/statistical-methods-for-geography.html.

My Assignment Help (2021) Report On NSW Transport Network [Online]. Available from: https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/bus708-statistics-and-data-analysis/statistical-methods-for-geography.html
[Accessed 29 March 2024].

My Assignment Help. 'Report On NSW Transport Network' (My Assignment Help, 2021) <https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/bus708-statistics-and-data-analysis/statistical-methods-for-geography.html> accessed 29 March 2024.

My Assignment Help. Report On NSW Transport Network [Internet]. My Assignment Help. 2021 [cited 29 March 2024]. Available from: https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/bus708-statistics-and-data-analysis/statistical-methods-for-geography.html.

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