Change Very Fast And Covering All Aspects Of The Modern Society

How Do Change Very Fast and Covering All Aspects of the Modern Society?

 

Introduction

The ICT industry is evolving every day, and from some time, there have been different changes in the system which are evident. The technology change is very fast and covering all aspects of the modern society. The concept of ICT comes up with many elements that are normally very interdependent by nature, and there is some disruption as well where one can get impacted by many other factors as well. From last many years, many experts, as well as policymakers, are always expressing a lot of concern about saving the system from some cyber attacks. Here many experts are expected to raise the overall frequency, and it is also severe in actions in coming future as well (Van den Berg et al., 2014). The overall act is about saving the ICT systems, and the overall content has become popular and called for cyber security. A broad concept can be very helpful however it tends to defy the exact definition completely. It sometimes inappropriately gets thoroughly conflated with various other theories and concepts like sharing information or privacy or surveillance. But, the overall concept of cyber security can be a crucial technique which protects the privacy level and also saves many unauthorized issues and monitoring along with sharing of information. It can be based on gathering many crucial tools which impact the concept. When the management is at risk related to information system is also considered as basic to being an effective tool for cyber security. The overall risks are also related to any attack that depends on three important factors. These three factors are threats which can be a case of attack or vulnerabilities which are related to the weakness of the victim and lastly impacts which discuss the overall impacts of the attack. Many kinds of cyber attacks have restricted kind of impacts however a successful one cover some vital elements of critical infrastructure where many lead by privately owned business (Van den Berg et al., 2014). It can also lead to many important impacts on the national level security as well as the economy and the basic livelihood of people of the country.

Literature review scope and objective

Saving the critical kind of infrastructure functions have emerged as a major issue. This happens primarily due, so many money goes through a different set of the network each day, and it also involves a broad range of functions, based on e-commerce, travel, communication in general and hospitality. Distribution of electricity, water based distribution and many another kind of utility services are dependent on ICT-related infrastructure. The defense sectors also depend on electronic systems (Lam, 2016).

There are many critical systems or infrastructure is mainly owned as well as functioned by the private sector. However, the important question here is that the private sector is only responsible for it and this can only mean that government has a much lesser kind of role and these are few of the crucial issues in cyber security that countries are dealing with. At a company level, the concept is merely based on technology problems, but it is also a management based problem. This is further grounded at management of risk which asks for a clearer understanding of people, process, network as well many ICT based security features (Lam, 2016).

It is also normal that many organizations are actively involved in saving the infrastructure of ICT. This leads to including many privately owned operators for different pieces of the infrastructure. These types of efforts also require and it is important to be completely coordinated with integrated kind of entity, and it also serves as a united structure which is responsible for cyber security.

A different set of roles, as well as responsibilities of every party, require to be defined in clear words and also the government requires to setup right kind of policy as well as legal structures. Countries like the US have further advocated for a market-based as well as voluntary kind of approach towards the industry and concept of cyber security becomes the part of National Strategy to save the Cyberspace (Elmaghraby and Losavio, 2014). However, this is work properly completely since the investment of security produced by the industry as per the needs of the corporate are not found to start with broader interest of the country.  So the important question here is that how extra investment will be generated for the companies or will there be any case for incentives as a part of a number of incentives based program to fill the gap that exists between security-based investment.  With this, there are additional forms that are required to save many critical infrastructure (Elmaghraby and Losavio, 2014).

Some security-based surveys point out the need and it also reveal that there is lack of proper knowledge among many executive related to security-based policies and cases and the recent technological answer is based on leakage of data as well as financial level loss and the overall training that is required for the workforce. The overall cyberspace is also very low comparatively, and there are number legal concepts for many standards of care that are not present (Sadeghi et al., 2015).

Comparative analysis

As discussed, the overall risk related to any attack is primarily dependent on three crucial factors which are threats, vulnerabilities, and the impacts. The overall management of risk towards the information system is based on basic to impactful cyber security. Threats are related to people that actually or sometimes potentially commit cyber attacks, and such people are widely mentioned as falling into a single or sometimes more than five cases which can be criminal's related intent on many monetary advantages from different crimes like extortion or theft (Sadeghi et al., 2015). There are many spies as well where the intention is of stealing the valuable and confidential information used by the private sector and government. Many nation-state players are working to grow different capabilities and also undertake a different kind of cyber attacks right in support of the country's objectives. The concept of cyber security in many ways comes with a kind of race between defenders. The systems of ICT are also very complex by nature, and the attackers are continuously looking for some weakness which can happen at many points of time. There are also many defenders that can also be saved against any weaknesses, but three specifically are challenges which are inadvertent or sometimes intentional. These act by different insiders with right kind of access to the system along with supply chain vulnerabilities that can allow different kind of insertions of many bad software or hardware as per the process of acquisition and unknown previously on nil vulnerabilities with no set fix (Reddy and Reddy, 2014). Even in the case of many kinds of vulnerabilities where the solution are known, and this may not be executed in many kinds of cases since there are a number of operational as well as budget issues. The important question here is what can be the main issues where a successful kind of attack can also compromise the private information, integrity and the presence of the ICT system and the data one can handle. The concepts of cyber theft or any espionage-related to attacks can bring departure of much financial, personal as well as proprietary information where an attacker can benefit the most, and it happens without the proper knowledge of the victim. There are many denials of service kind of an attack which is slow by nature and also saves many users from accessing on the system (Reddy and Reddy, 2014).

Many cyber-based attacks usually have a restricted influence but either way, a successful kind of attack is the one where different elements of many critical infrastructures. Many such issues are held by the privately owned sector and can have significant impacts on nationally based security, the economy and the daily lives as well as safety of single citizen. This is why; there are very few successful attacks with high-level influence that can pose on the larger issues than a common kind of successful issues with low influence (Scully, 2014).

It can be recognized that cyber-based attacks which can be a costly process for people and companies, an economic influence that can be challenging to calculate and also estimates of different influenced widely.

Gaps indentified

Following are some of challenges: -

1. State-based espionage: the issue highlights the requirement to save critical issues from political and financial based threats. There is a number of critical kind of data that consist of information required to run the complete network related to infrastructure as well as the intellectual property utilized to manage the innovative solution and also manage the business (Scully, 2014).
2. Distributed basis denial or DDoS: there are security professionals based on financial services based industry that might agree towards the second issue. These attacks are expected to foresee the higher risk of business influencing the threats with the move from computer-based attacks and also generating a huge number of low level of bandwidth related events. It also goes towards many virtual based servicers and creates many high events with extra bandwidth. This new kind of attacks become more advantageous to recognize and also mitigate the larger events while the whole traffic is in the parameter of network based clouds (Cherdantseva et al., 2016).
3. Migration of cloud: the level of migration right into the virtual world id mainly shared with many changes of infrastructure and how companies deal with data security and management of the risks. The issue is that these cloud-based security process and related outcome are being developed from time to time. Finally, with the help of innovation and planning, cloud-based services can decrease the level of business risk by giving more level of flexibility, security, and resiliency (Cherdantseva et al., 2016).
4. Management of password: the main challenge is based in different places and also forces many stronger user-friendly passwords that cannot be broken completely. The level of education and administrative issues needs many creative kinds of outcomes and also force different policies (Šendelj et al., 2014).
5. Sabotage: the problem with this challenge of many computer networks can influence many critical infrastructures and finally also affect the backbone and corporate level networks. The overall challenge is sometimes perverse completely since it gets with social engineering with many software-based techniques to give a more complex attack (Šendelj et al., 2014).
6. Botnets: This issue can find at any place, and the main issues are that many owners design the systems that are very adaptive by nature and redundant by nature for many governments as well as corporate based networks (Reddy, 2015).
7. Threats from inside: an employee who is not happy with the work or the organization can be a vector for the many security-based events. On the one hand, there are so many inadvertent injections related to malware with the help of many removable media or web-based interconnections that can make any workforce (Reddy, 2015).
8. The level of mobility: security, as well as management of mobile based networks, consists of smart mobile devices that become an even bigger issue when the workforce wants to utilize their personal devices for many purposes.

Conclusion

The concept of cyberspace is primarily based on many diverse IT networks along with many computer resources and every fixed as well as the mobile based device which is associated with the international internet. A cyberspace of a country is a part of the international space, and one cannot completely get isolated with what is defined as many boundaries since the concept is entirely borderless (Cavelty and Mauer, 2016). This is why the concept of cyberspace is unique by nature and unlines another physical world which is restricted by geography from land to sea to other natural sources. However, the issue of cyber attacks is becoming a constant problem, and the countries are now investing heavily in ICT infrastructure with an opinion to provide a higher amount of time to integrate various national economies with the international marketplace and also make sure that the people can access more e-services. The above-discussed security issues are increasing, and the main aim is to the investment and the safety of cyberinfrastructure.

Reference  

Cavelty, M.D. and Mauer, V., 2016. Power and security in the information age: Investigating the role of the state in cyberspace. Routledge.

Cherdantseva, Y., Burnap, P., Blyth, A., Eden, P., Jones, K., Soulsby, H. and Stoddart, K., 2016. A review of cyber security risk assessment methods for SCADA systems. computers & security, 56, pp.1-27.

Elmaghraby, A.S. and Losavio, M.M., 2014. Cyber security challenges in Smart Cities: Safety, security and privacy. Journal of advanced research, 5(4), pp.491-497.

Lam, J., 2016, June. IIET: Cyber security in modern power systems-Protecting large and complex networks. In Cyber Security in Modern Power Systems, IET (pp. 1-12). IET.

Reddy, G.N. and Reddy, G.J., 2014. A Study of Cyber Security Challenges and its emerging trends on latest technologies. arXiv preprint arXiv:1402.1842.

Reddy, Y.B., 2015, April. Security and design challenges in cyber-physical systems. In Information Technology-New Generations (ITNG), 2015 12th International Conference on (pp. 200-205). IEEE.

Sadeghi, A.R., Wachsmann, C. and Waidner, M., 2015, June. Security and privacy challenges in industrial internet of things. In Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2015 52nd ACM/EDAC/IEEE (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Scully, T., 2014. The cyber security threat stops in the boardroom. Journal of business continuity & emergency planning, 7(2), pp.138-148.

Šendelj, R., Lombardi, F., Ognjanovi?, I. and Guarino, S., 2014. Cyber Security in Montenegro: Practice, Framework and Challenges.

Van den Berg, J., van Zoggel, J., Snels, M., van Leeuwen, M., Boeke, S., van de Koppen, L., van der Lubbe, J., van den Berg, B. and de Bos, T., 2014. On (the Emergence of) Cyber Security Science and its Challenges for Cyber Security Education. In Proceedings of the NATO IST-122 Cyber Security Science and Engineering Symposium (pp. 13-14).