1: Low birth weight and Intra Uterine Growth Retardation (IUGR).
Low birth weight is the concept used to describe the babies who are born with weight of less than even 5 pounds and 8 ounces i.e. 2500 grams. These babies are more exposed to renal disease as they are not fully developed in the mother’s womb. The main cause of low birth weight is the pre-mature birth of the babies (almost before 37 weeks) (Stanford Children’s Health, 2018). The other common reason of low birth weight is intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It is the condition that takes place when baby cannot grow well during the pregnancy tenure due to various reasons such as unsound health of mother, problems with placenta or baby’s own health. The other term that is used for the IUGR is the fetal growth restriction. A fetus that is under IUGR has an estimated fetal weight of less than approximately 10th percentile.
2: Define Ergogenic Aids with examples
An ergogenic aid is the treatment of physical mental nutritional pharmacological or physiological nature which improves either the physiological variables linked with the exercise performance or eliminates subjective restraints that restricts the physiological capacity of a person. The term ergogenic aid can be defined as the technique used to enhance the performance (Robergs, 2010).
For example: Ergogenic Aids of pharmacological nature:
Amphetamines – It is the process of improving concentration and decreasing fatigue and appetite.
Anabolic steroids – It increases the training time as well as intensity of workouts. Also, it reduces the recovery time.
Beta-hydroxymethylbutyrate (HMB) – It improves both strength and muscle mass.
References:
Robergs, R.A. (2010). Introduction to Ergogenic Aids. Retrieved from: https://www.unm.edu/~rrobergs/426ErgogenicAids.pdf
Stanford Children’s Health, 2018. Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR). Retrieved from: https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=intrauterine-growth-restriction-iugr-90-P02462
