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If you choose the research paper as your final project, you will be researching and writing an essay on a topic.

  • Aboriginal issues in Canada

  • Indian Residential Schools

  • LGBT issues or rights

  • Child labour

  • Genocide (in general or a specific example)

  • Women’s rights

  • Poverty

Child labour: History and causes

The research paper will throw light on child labour which is one of the leading problems across the world. Child labour is defined as the regular employment of a child including both girls and boys under the age of 15 or 16. Since the 18th century, attitudes towards the child labour have altered dramatically. In the 20th century, most provinces had enacted labour legislation which restricts the employment of the children with the age group of 15 or 16. Still, this is found that most of the children are still working in the present century. The thesis statement of the essay: In this essay, the research related to the child labour is conducted. The main points that are covered in the essay include the history related to the child labour which shows the involvement of a male child in the job, the legislation introduced by the government are also discussed. In addition to this, the details related to the different types of child labour that are taking place across the world are also discussed.

During the 19th and 20th century, most of the Canadian children became the economic liabilities of their families. In simple words, the children between the age group of 15-16 years have taken the responsibilities of their family members. This was the major reason due to which the number of the child labour increased not only in Canada but across the world. The restriction related to the attendance in the school made the children attend the school on the compulsory basis. By the year 1911, more than 40% of Canadian children between the age of 5 to 9 and 50% of children with the age group of 10 to 19 years were in school. Though, the number of the boys attending the school dropped from 68% to 40% by the year 1961. This evident that in the early century boys used to work for the survival of their families.

In the current era, children working apart from the school hours are allowed but for the children with the age group of 16 or more. Similarly, in Canada the children below the age of 16 years are restricted for the employment and school attendance is compulsory for them. This has been found in the research that across the world, the government is forming certain legislation to reduce the child labour. The legislation which is introduced by the government of the different countries are related to the minimum age, a number of working hours per day and time of the day which vary according to the provinces and territories. Along with this, the legislation also exists that protect the minors working into the dangerous or hazardous conditions which include mining industry, manufacturing, construction and forestry with the places where the liquor is sold. The existing of law is not bringing the changes until and unless these laws will be implemented by the people in the countries.

Legislation and Consequences

Considering the point of view of International labour organisation (ILO) Conventions No. 138 and No. 182 distinguish between the unacceptable child labour that is must eliminate and child work that may contribute to the healthy development of children. According to the research, this is found that light work will be allowed for the children with the age group of 12 years and older and non-hazardous work will be allowed for children with 15 years and older. All these legislations are formed by the ILO with the motive to reduce the number of children working with the age of below 15. All these legislations are formed by the ILO with the motive to improve the living standard of children and to offer them a better life which includes their willingness.

The recent World vision report with the title Canada’s labour problem reiterated the issue with different types of issues that are related to the forced labour. The report clearly mentions that 85 million children that are nearly triple of the total population of the country suffer from hazardous and exploitative labour. This is the fact that people of the country are not able to accept the fact that the children’s are working against their will as they are trafficked or forced to work against the debt that is taken by them. This has been observed in the research that the people of the country are also making the purchased of products which are made by the children as this good include everything from food to clothing and extended to electronics. Many companies in the country are ill-prepared to acknowledge the fact of the child labour and forced labour. This seems that the formulation of the regulation is not enough as it is essential to bring some strict strategies that contribute to the implementation of the regulations. This is the fact that the effective implementation of the laws and legislation related to the child labour will bring the improvement in the conditions across the world as the number of children engaged in the world will reduce.

According to the research, this is found that child labour includes different forms some of which include slavery, child trafficking, debt bondage, serfdom and many others. In the rural areas worldwide, this has been found that most of the children are involved in slavery in which one person is owned by and made work for another person without saying any word. The research reflects that approx. 45.8 million people are in some form of slavery in 167 countries. According to the wall free foundation, India rank on top with 18.4 million salves compared to China with 3.4 million and Pakistan to 2.1 million. This clearly states that India includes most of the salves due which the families of the country face the slavery which includes children with the age of below 15.

Different forms of child labour

 In addition, in most of the poor countries, it has been found that child trafficking is taking place. This trafficking includes illegal trading for labour or sexual exploitation. The evident of the same is found by the ILO who estimated that 24.9 million men, women and children are victims of trafficking. According to the data, there are 20% are girls who are the victims of child trafficking. In addition to this, approx. 2 million children are exposed to prostitution in the global commercial sex trade (UNICEF). This data clarify that most of the child girl face the issues of sex trading which needs strict actions from the government.

In addition to this, the Debt bondage is increasing due to which the children have to suffer a lot. In debt bondage, the child works in exchange to pay off the loan taken by their family members. According to the analysis, this is found that approx. 65.8% of the slaves have their roots in the regions of Asia Pacific. This is found that most of the debt bondage is found in India due to which the child needs to work on different areas so that they can pay off the loan taken by their families.

In the end, it can be stated that child labour is increasing across the world due to which the children are not able to live their life according to their willingness. Moreover, they have to work for their families which exploit their life. This paper includes the history of the Child labour with the reference of Canada which shows that child labour is increasing across the world. The legislation is formed by the government so that they can reduce the child labour which is discussed and it states that people with the age of below 15 or 16 should not work. Moreover, in the current era, there is still the presence of child labour which is clear from the example of Canada. Further, there is discussion related to the different forms of the child labour which include child slavery, child trafficking and Debt bondage.

Barman J, Child Labour [Online].The Canadian Encyclopedia. 2018 [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/child-labour

 Nogler L, Pertile M. Child labour in a globalized world: a legal analysis of ILO action. Routledge; 2016 Apr 15.

 The government of Canada. Child labour. [Online]. Government of Canada. 2018 [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from: https://international.gc.ca/world-monde/issues_development-enjeux_developpement/human_rights-droits_homme/child_labour-travail_enfants.aspx?lang=eng

 Unicef. Child Labour. [Online] Unicef. 2018 [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from: https://unicef.in/Whatwedo/21/Child-Labour

 Fontana LB, Grugel J. To eradicate or to legalize? Child labour debates and ILO convention 182 in Bolivia. Global Governance: A Review of Multilateralism and International Organizations. 2015 Jan;21(1):61-78.

 International Labour Organization. The worst forms of child labour. [Online]. International Labour Organization [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from: https://www.ilo.org/ipec/Campaignandadvocacy/Youthinaction/C182-Youth-orientated/worstforms/lang--en/index.htm

 McCarthy N. Infographic: Modern Slavery Is A Brutal Reality Worldwide. [online] Statista Infographics. 2018 [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from: https://www.statista.com/chart/4937/modern-slavery-is-a-brutal-reality-worldwide/

 Brinlee M. 13 Sex Trafficking Statistics That Put The Worldwide Problem Into Perspective. [Online] Bustle. 2018 [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from: https://www.bustle.com/p/13-sex-trafficking-statistics-that-put-the-worldwide-problem-into-perspective-9930150

 Ark of Hope for Children. Child trafficking Statistics. [Online] Ark of Hope for Children. 2017 [Cited 6 Oct. 2018] Available from: https://arkofhopeforchildren.org/child-trafficking/child-trafficking-statistics

Cite This Work

To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below:

My Assignment Help. (2021). Child Labour: Causes, Consequences, Legislation - An Essay.. Retrieved from https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/gsj205-gender-technology-and-social-justice/child-labour.html.

"Child Labour: Causes, Consequences, Legislation - An Essay.." My Assignment Help, 2021, https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/gsj205-gender-technology-and-social-justice/child-labour.html.

My Assignment Help (2021) Child Labour: Causes, Consequences, Legislation - An Essay. [Online]. Available from: https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/gsj205-gender-technology-and-social-justice/child-labour.html
[Accessed 28 March 2024].

My Assignment Help. 'Child Labour: Causes, Consequences, Legislation - An Essay.' (My Assignment Help, 2021) <https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/gsj205-gender-technology-and-social-justice/child-labour.html> accessed 28 March 2024.

My Assignment Help. Child Labour: Causes, Consequences, Legislation - An Essay. [Internet]. My Assignment Help. 2021 [cited 28 March 2024]. Available from: https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/gsj205-gender-technology-and-social-justice/child-labour.html.

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