HI6026 Audit, Assurance And Compliance

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22-07-2021

Question:

1: As an auditor, you are conducting your preliminary analytical procedures based on the background information for DIPL contained in the case. Apply analytical procedures to the financial report information of DIPL for the last three years. Explain how your results influence your planning decisions for the audit for the year ending 30 June 2015 .

2: You are conducting your risk assessment of DIPL, as part of the planning for your audit for the year ended 30 June. Identify two inherent risk factors that arise from the nature of DIPL’s business operations. Explain why it is a risk and how it may affect the risk of material misstatement in the financial report .

3: As part of your audit of DIPL for the year ended 30 June 2015, you are considering the risk that fraud may have occurred

(a) Based on the background information for DIPL contained in the case, identify and explain two key fraud risk factors relating to misstatements arising from fraudulent financial reporting to which DIPL may be susceptible. (b) Explain how the risk factors identified in (a) above would affect the conduct of the (a) audit.

Answer:

1. Application of analytical processes to monetary declarations of the corporation DIPL

Application of analytical process to financial statement of the business concern DIPL can help in the process of development of plan of audit. Nevertheless, the audit plan can take into consideration particular guideline that have to be monitored during the period of undertaking the practise of audit (Arenset al. 2012). In Particular, strategy of audit also aids assessors in supporting costs of audit at rational stage and helps in eluding misconception along with miscommunication with the customers of the corporation.

Investigative approach of common sizing supports analysis of financial declarations to a definite common direction (William Jret al.2016). On the other hand, this also assists in working on a comparative analysis of financial pronouncements in terms of varied period or else in terms of diversecorporations. Evaluators can reflectdiversevarietiesor elseclasses of items identified in the financial pronouncement, check the manner of presenting pecuniary reports. Again, forexample, method of taking account of different items such as net assets otherwise liabilities alongside equity of diverse holders in the business reporting. Nevertheless, adjustment of financial announcement from definite point of orientationsupports the course of identifying the deviance and simultaneouslyhelp in estimating the definitebasis of the perceiveddifferenceforcomprehending the coreintention (Arenset al. 2017). Additionally, the modus operandifollowed for examiningby means ofimportant financial ratio can be observed as anappositesystematicprocess. This is because this technique can be fittinglyapplied for equatingdiverse financial assertions and at one goexaminingdetailedidea of financial assessment.

Elucidation of way in which economic consequences can effect decisions of audit

Fundamentally, definiteresults of planning judgements for audit preparation can be exclusivelyinfluenced by the investigativeapproachassumed for translating information from specificeconomicreports (Arenset al. 2013). Such as, consequences of ratio analysis computedfounded on financial announcement of the firm DIPL is as given below:

Suitable analysis of financial circumstances can be in actual fact assumed utilizing important financial ratio applied in this case viz. profitability, liquidity as well as solvency ratio. Analysis of the financial ratio reveals the fact that profitability situation illustrated by ratio of profit margin is recorded to be 0.068 in the financial 2013. Nevertheless, the similar financial ratio enhanced to 0.60 for the period of year 2014. Then, this ratio also deteriorated to 0.06 in the subsequentFY 2015. In addition to this, solvency ratio calculated for the business concern DIPL replicates the circumstance that solvency ratio has dropped from 0.62 in FY 2013 to around 0.44 in the FY 2014 and further declined to roughly 0.21 during FY 2015. Thereafter, current ratio enumerated for the corporation is observed to be approximately 1.42 recorded during FY 2013. However, in the following year, the same ratio is registered to be 1.46 and 1.50 registered during FY 2015. Therefore, important financial ratio examinationassistsappraisers in understanding whether disburses of the wholebusiness are functional and whether the complete costs borne are exceptionally high (Elderet al. 2011). In this connection it can be said that this also helps in comprehending the possessions as well as resources of the firm alongside the manner the businessconcern can carry outobligatoryactions to bound any type of adverseoccurrence.

2. Fundamentally, there exists various risk types engaged in the course of assessment and is fundamentally instituted on definite occurrence related to material misstatement in diverseeconomicassertions of specificcorporate. Nevertheless, it can be stated that there subsistsvarioustypes of unsystematic risk that in turn candraw attention tovarious risks categories acknowledged from financial assertions of business firms (William Jret al. 2016). Yet again, there toosubsistsvarioustypes of additional risks that too can become functional for financial withdiverse non-financial aspects that sooner or later can be evadedby a business house. However, this sequentially can aid in signifying both true in addition to fair view of variousclasses of economic pronouncements. Nonetheless, the evaluator might conceivablyobserve it to be quite challenging to perceivedefinite risks (Arenset al. 2016). Principally, there toosubsistsvariedcategories of associated risks that mayoccurbecause ofexclusionin common withdiverseassortment of faultsandinaccuracies that are unavoidably unthinkable for certified accountant.

Type of Risk

Reasons for taking inherent risk

Risk of material misstatement

Inherent Risk

Analysis of present case, reflects the fact that there subsists different business dealings that are every so often omitted by error by various certified accountant of the firm. Investigation of financial assertions of the concern discloses the fact that the firm has failed to realise the looked-for profit and procure revenue from the sales (Louwerset al. 2015). Nevertheless, this may occur as a result of failure of management of the firm to perceive certain requirements, assess diverse macro in addition to micro facets that are very much contained by socio, political as well as economic factors. So, this in due coursecan be observed from lowsales and directed towardsincidence of inherent risks.

Apart from this, workers of firms have amplified the inherent risks. Analytical of present case divulgesthe level ofpoor experience together withexpertise level of personnel, thus revealsthe fact that the complete inherent risks of firms have augmented (Eilifsenet al. 2013). Various environmental featuresalso become the source of inherent risk. Fundamentally, thismainlyhappenson account offastalterationand definiteconcernslinked toscheme ofappraising of inventory, tough competition in market supplemented by shortage of capital.

However, the non-accomplished workforces can enhance the total inherent risks since they are quite assured to commit specific faults let's say, erroneousness because of exclusion and this essentially leads to incorrect presentation of financial reports (Simnettet al. 2016).

Inherent Risk

Critical evaluation of the business case on the operations of DIPL discloses about variousintricaciesthat prevail in the practise of CEOsuccession process (Knechel and Salterio 2016).Thus, commencement of practise without abiding by the policy, beginning the practice late, inappropriatelink with the CEO and leaving of CEO nominees might conceivably lead towards occurrence of inherent risks. Undertakingthoroughcataloguing of receivedrevenue from definite e-book, bearing in mindre issuance of texts or manuals in the coming period can contributetowards inherent risks as a consequence ofdifficultyof the technique (Messieret al. 2014).

A fitting practice of examining simplicity of alteration covers inherent risk of operation. Additionally, listing proceeds of cash by different finance consultants of the firm may also lead to inherent risks unless suitably organized.

Techniques in which risks probably influence material misstatement in economic report need to be effective enough.

Recognised inherent risks refer to the susceptible to definite declaration with regard to material misstatement.

Excessive work pressure on employees and company’s management
Risks of committing faults or mistakesand carrying outerroneous misrepresentation
Dependability of the entiremanagement (Cohenand Simnett2014)
Stress on administration
Characteristics along with nature of operations of the business

3. Knechel (2016) asserts that fraud risks can become a source of considerable loss of firm’s assets. Essentially, disapproval or dissatisfaction of employees due to excessive work stress can direct the employees to involve in diverse fraudulent engagements. Additionally, expectancies of firm’s management regarding financial outcomes as well as anticipations to attain specific performance shows the way towards event of fraud risk. Over and above this, there also arises the requirement to articulate precise financial consequences that sequentially can ward off risks of reflecting fabricated announcements (Knechel2016).

Identification of Risk

Risk Factor

Audit Approach

Fraud risk

Risks might arise owing to involvement of dissatisfied workforce in various duplicitous tasks. Examination of operations of the corporation DIPL emphasizes on undue pressure of management or board of the firm to procure a novel outline for accounting. Nonetheless, this also exerts huge stress on workforce to assume the assignment of fitting the novel technologically progressive as well as IT prompted system of accounting (Cohenand Simnett 2014). This might conceivably lead to diverse deceitful activities. Consequently, employees may get engaged in various duplicitous activities and handle the procedure of clearance in an aptway and thus undertake misstatement in financial records. Nonetheless, analysis of the current case also illuminatesthe fact that the inaptcourse of handling the complete course of implementing the task of setting up the innovative accounting arrangement and lead to unsuitable assumption of explicit corporate transactions all through during end of the financial year. Yet again, this one after the other shows the way towards event of loss because of material misstatement together with risk of fraud (Messieret al. 2014).

The management of the firm can develop audit programs or else detective procedures frequently from time to time for checking diverse symptoms beforehand.

Fraud risk

A different risk that may occur consists of fraudulent activitiesengaged in process of arrangementplus presentation of diverse financial assertions. Principally, as soon as there existshugeexpectancy from externalfinanciers to publicizeprecisefinancial evidencesor else to realisepredeterminedtargets of performance by the administrationgives way to risk of committing material misstatement in financial announcements of firm. Over and above this, accomplishment of objectives to meet the requirements to secure debt also includesenormous risk of inappropriate financial affirmations (Simnettet al. 2016).

Nevertheless, statementsregarding the financial circumstance of the business DIPL tells about the profits of the concern and this signifies the fact that the concern has elevated the wholeproceeds of the corporationthroughaparticular period that lies between the FY 2013 and 2015. Apart from this, the enumerated gross revenuetogether with the net revenue can also be witnessed to have escalated. However, this business caserevealsthat DIPL has gathered loan of worth 7.5 million from association BDO Finance.

Besides this, this business case under deliberation also reflects that this particular loan has a definite loan contract that have the need of sustaining a specificlevel of current ratio of approximately 1.5 with ratio on debt equity lesser than precisely 1. Therefore, it can be hereby mentioned that these factors require the firms to maintain a definite financial ratio that in turn can aid in obtaining credit. In essence, this too can give way to different fraudulent tasks and lead toinaptreflection of financial health (Louwerset al. 2015).

The managers might assess and appraise the financial statements along with different items of the assertions (their value, recognition principles as well as adherence to accounting regulations).

In accordance with the provided business case, it can hereby stated that practice of estimation of inventory of particularly raw material at exact average cost was not propersince the present paper charge was considerablyin excess of the average cost. Yet again, risk of identifying fraudulent doingsinvolved in the course of implementation of accounting structureutilizingITin the procedure of bookkeeping can be assumed by witnessingdifferentengagements at diverse stages (Eilifsen et al. 2013). At the outset, the risk related torecording economic announcements can be identified by carrying outscrutiny of financial statements by auditors, tracingschemes of control intermittently.

References:

Arens, A.A., Best, P., Shailer, G., Fiedler, B., Elder, R.J. and Beasley, M., 2017. Auditing and assurance services in Australia: an integrated approach. Pearson Education Australia.

Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J. and Mark, B., 2012. Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Boston: Prentice Hall.

Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Hogan, C.E., 2016. Auditing and assurance services. Pearson.

Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Jenkins, G.J., 2013. Essentials of Auditing and Assurance Services: An Integrated Approach. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.

Cohen, J.R. and Simnett, R., 2014. CSR and assurance services: A research agenda. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 34(1), pp.59-74.

Eilifsen, A., Messier, W.F., Glover, S.M. and Prawitt, D.F., 2013. Auditing and assurance services. McGraw-Hill.

Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Arens, A.A., 2011. Auditing and Assurance services. Pearson Higher Ed.

Knechel, W.R. and Salterio, S.E., 2016. Auditing: Assurance and risk. Taylor & Francis.

Knechel, W.R., 2016. Auditing: Risk and assurance. Routledge.

Louwers, T.J., Ramsay, R.J., Sinason, D.H., Strawser, J.R. and Thibodeau, J.C., 2015. Auditing & assurance services. McGraw-Hill Education.

Messier, W.F., Glover, S.M. and Prawitt, D.F., 2014. Auditing and Assurance Services: A Systematic Approach; Diterjemah oleh Denies Priantinah, Linda Kusumaning Wedari, 2014. Salemba Empat. Jakarta.

Simnett, R., Carson, E. and Vanstraelen, A., 2016. International Archival Auditing and Assurance Research: Trends, Methodological Issues, and Opportunities. Auditing: A Journal of Practice & Theory, 35(3), pp.1-32.

William Jr, M., Glover, S. and Prawitt, D., 2016. Auditing and assurance services: A systematic approach. McGraw-Hill Education.