Answers:
Introduction
The business environment in recent years is very unpredictable and dynamic due to which various strategies are being employed by the organization. To overcome the ever changing business environment, one of the most effective strategies is management change or change in organisational structure that helps the organization in implementing and administering employees precisely and systematically (Brooks,et al., 2004). It has also been reported that there are two types of organisation structure that is mechanistic and organic organisational structure. In order to examine the effectiveness of the organic organisational structure, five of the articles have been summarised in the context of annotated bibliography below. Thus, this study is aimed to explore the statement ‘In today’s turbulent environment only organic organisational structure are effective’.
Article 1: Hinrichs, G. 2009. Organic Organisational Design. OD Practitioner 41 (4), pp, 1-11.
The article has emphasised on examining the effectiveness of organisational design in organisations function. It has pointed in the study that exterior and interior environment of the organisation largely responsible for the success of any organisation. The more changing and challenging external environment gets, it needs more complex and multi-level organisational structure change. In the article, case study of a non-profit organisation has been demonstrated with the effective implication in the profit organisation. Organisational structure design is straight forwardly an effective and efficient process that aims to achieve the purpose of the organisational strategically. It has been explored that the choice of organisational structure from mechanistic to organisation has been changed the most useful because today the era has also shifted from industrial to knowledge era.
The article has compared and evaluated different strategies and system tools to analyse the effectiveness of the organisational structure design accordingly. Organic structure design supports all the elements that are required in ever changing environment. It is focused towards purpose of the organisation and opens for the changes. Along with this, it is more connected and empowers the organisational functions by controlling and focusing. It is a diversified approach and brings growth and changes in the organisation together with the connection and networked authority. Thus, according to this article, organic structure is the most suitable organisational designed structure in the present era that reaches to organisational purpose satisfying client’s needs and wants.
Article 2: Camison, C and Viller-Lopez, A. 2011. On how firms located in an industrial district profit from knowledge spillovers: adoption of an organic structure and innovation capabilities. British Journal Management 23, pp. 361-382.
This article has reported on the organisations that are situated near industrial districts that benefited by the knowledge spillovers impacting its performance and innovation positively. It has been emphasised in the study that organisational design especially organic structure has a very powerful impact in improving the performance and strengthening the functions of the organisation easy and freely. In addition to this, technological and innovation aspects are also clearly privileged by the organic structure that makes knowledge flow more flexible and spontaneous.
For the research purpose data has been collected from the universe of Spanish industries companies excluding micro business and energy sectors that have less than 10 workers. The research is descriptive that researched with various variables and a conceptual model. The research has concluded that effectiveness of organic structure design is inevitable in improving the performance and technological innovation of the organisation apart from the effect of location in an industrial district. The article is somehow weak in relating different facts at the same time. It has been suggested that article should be more focused on the structural design.
Article 3: Sobotkiewicz, D. 2013. Organic functions in a multiple economic entity- localization options. Case Study. Management 17(2), pp. 47-62.
The article highlights the organic structure’s importance in every function and effectiveness in centralised organisation and subsidiaries. The multi-plant organisations are being examined horizontally and vertically in different level function. The article elaborates the research by analysing the case study of German automotive concerns. It is executed through the foreign and domestic literature and empirical research has been used to produce the result. It has been listed in the end that organic structure design is very useful in case of complex and huge organisation. The research has shown that organic is the most suitable organic design in the present times that deals with the changing and complex business environment. There are various factors in organic structure that enables the organisation to thoroughly enhance the performances of its functions. The research is executed with the concentration model including three degrees that s high, low and moderate. The research is fairly presented and accomplished its results and useful in developing view on organic structure’s significance. It has also been recommended that the research can also been obtained in data form to evident the result.
Article 4: Alavi, S. Et al. 2014. Organic structure and organisational learning as the main antecedents of workforce agility. International journal of production research 52(21), pp. 6273-6295.
This article enlightens the agility of workforce in order to learn and focus on the technical and workplace factors. The research has been executed on the two organisational characters that are organisational learning and organic structure of the organisation. There are various other factors that also influenced that research in three dimensions including flat structure, decentralisation of decision making and low formalisation. Along with this, the research is executed with various small and medium sized organisations in Iran that empirically tested the dimensions with the structured equation modelling. The article is based on the systematic structure and exhibits the variables that relate the organic structure with the learning process of the employees.
It has been reported in the article that the organic structuring helps the organisations in learning new skills, innovative ideas and knowledge in manufacturing workforce oriented organisations. It also helps in building reliable and strong relations between the organisational members and workforce. Additionally, responsibility and roles are being shared with more trust and autonomy in organic organisations. In this manner, the article is well summed up the relation between the organic structure and learning behaviour but there are various factors that have not been described significantly. Moreover, there is a lack of theoretical data that supports the result strongly. There are also some of the points which are not related to the organic structures topic such as social exchange theory in the research study.
Article 5: Dust, S. B. Et al. 2014. Transformational leadership, psychological empowerment, and the moderating role of mechanistic-oranic contexts. Journal of organisational behaviour, 35, 413-433.
This article is the most relevant article that describes the organic structure effective in the organisations also compares with the other structure like mechanistic structure. The article constructively shows the positive result in context of organic structure of organisation. The article aims to examine the moderating role of structures along with the transformational leadership and psychological empowerment. The article explores that cross organisational structure and open structures are more important in providing affirmative employees behaviour. Organic structure helps the employees to learn and grab the skills more easily due to effective transformational leadership. It has also been observed that the article is focused on the job behaviour of employees and employers as a leader.
The research is based on the hypothesis relationship between superiors and employees to use in the result of the article. The task performances and employees behaviour is determined to influence by the psychological empowerment relationship between them. Thus, in the present article it has been described that organic structures supports the openness, psychological empowerment between their relations and transformation leadership that effectively improves the employees skills. Mechanistic is compared and found inappropriate coping up with the changing environment of the organisation and developing new skills. Thus this, article is aptly displays that organic structure the most useful structure design of the organisation in today’s era. The organic structure facilitates cross organisational features that helps it in growing in every function and perform even in ever changing environment.
Conclusion
Thus, it can be inferred from the analysis of the above all research articles that business organisations needs to implement an organic organisational structure that is flexible and can be transformed as per the external environment changes.
