Question:
A study was conducted to determine if a walking plus strength training exercise program results in a significantly greater increase in aerobic capacity as compared to a walking only exercise program. Participants are randomly selected and then randomly assigned to one of the exercise groups. Participants’ aerobic endurance was assessed at the beginning of the study and, again, after 6-months of exercise.
Coding for study variables:
- AGE—age in years
- SEX—1 =male, 2=female
- EXERCISE—1= walking and strength training; 2 = walking;
- CHNG_ENDUR—change in maximal oxygen uptake (liters per minute) from pre-test to post-test
Note: Save all of your SPSS output. You will paste copies in Steps 7–9, below.
Step 1: Review this week’s Learning Resources.
Step 2: Import the Microsoft Excel data file provided in this week’s Learning Resources into SPSS (or open saved file from Week 2 Application Assignment).
Step 3: Run and save the Codebook for your SPSS data file
Step 4: Conduct an independent samples t test to determine if there is a difference between the exercise type 1 in terms of changes in maximal oxygen uptake. Note that the independent variable is EXERCISE, and the dependent variable is CHNG_ENDUR. For this analysis, choose a two-tailed test of significance.
Step 5: Conduct a between-subjects ANOVA to determine if there is a difference between sex (males vs. females) and CHNG_ENDUR. Note that the independent variable is SEX, and the dependent variable is CHNG_ENDUR. For this analysis, choose a two-tailed test of significance.
Answer:
T test
T-TEST GROUPS=EXERCISE(1 2)
/MISSING=ANALYSIS
/VARIABLES=CHNG_ENDUR
/CRITERIA=CI(.95).
ANOVA
ONEWAY CHNG_ENDUR BY SEX
/STATISTICS DESCRIPTIVES
/MISSING ANALYSIS.
Step 8: Paste the independent samples t-test output below.
|
Group Statistics
|
|
|
EXERCISE
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error Mean
|
|
CHNG_ENDUR
|
walking and strength training
|
20
|
4.85
|
1.424
|
.319
|
|
walking
|
20
|
3.50
|
1.821
|
.407
|
|
Independent Samples Test
|
|
|
Levene's Test for Equality of Variances
|
t-test for Equality of Means
|
|
F
|
Sig.
|
t
|
df
|
Sig. (2-tailed)
|
Mean Difference
|
Std. Error Difference
|
95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
|
|
Lower
|
Upper
|
|
CHNG_ENDUR
|
Equal variances assumed
|
.343
|
.562
|
2.611
|
38
|
.013
|
1.350
|
.517
|
.303
|
2.397
|
|
Equal variances not assumed
|
|
|
2.611
|
35.918
|
.013
|
1.350
|
.517
|
.301
|
2.399
|
Step 9: Paste the ANOVA output below.
|
Descriptives
|
|
CHNG_ENDUR
|
|
|
N
|
Mean
|
Std. Deviation
|
Std. Error
|
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
|
Minimum
|
Maximum
|
|
Lower Bound
|
Upper Bound
|
|
male
|
22
|
4.32
|
1.729
|
.369
|
3.55
|
5.08
|
2
|
8
|
|
female
|
18
|
4.00
|
1.815
|
.428
|
3.10
|
4.90
|
1
|
8
|
|
Total
|
40
|
4.18
|
1.752
|
.277
|
3.61
|
4.74
|
1
|
8
|
|
ANOVA
|
|
CHNG_ENDUR
|
|
|
Sum of Squares
|
df
|
Mean Square
|
F
|
Sig.
|
|
Between Groups
|
1.002
|
1
|
1.002
|
.321
|
.575
|
|
Within Groups
|
118.773
|
38
|
3.126
|
|
|
|
Total
|
119.775
|
39
|
|
|
|
Section below (scoring) is to be completed by Instructor Scoring Rubric for Week 2 Assignment 1—Hands on SPSS
|
Questions
|
|
14 questions (worth 3 points each)
____ / 42 points possible
|
|
SPSS Output
|
|
Three SPSS outputs (6 points each) ____ / 18 points possible
|
