Home
/
Samples
/
Understanding Migration Policies And Programs In Australia
Students are required to research and write a critical essay on a current government social policy of their choice (examples can include a specific family policy, a workplace policy, a migration policy, an education policy, a crime policy, a drug or alcohol policy etc.). Students should choose a specific policy and not discuss the broad categories of policies.
The background discussion should include relevant theory and should address the rationale for the policy and the way the policy was formulated and implemented.
Based on their knowledge and research about what social policy is meant to achieve and drawing on wider research on policies in other jurisdictions, students should critically assess the successes and failures of this policy.
Current Migration Policy and Programs
There are various social issues faced in Australia. The current government social policies faced in the country are related to the family policy, a workplace policy, a migration policy, and an education policy. One of the topics, which are a major concern environment, is migration policy. There are various persons who migrant from Australia without taking the permissions from the respective authority. There is a strict policy have been made to the unlawful migrants and are not permitted to leave the country. For around 200 years, Australia has been building its population through the immigrants. The country is taking the people from the other country to continue its production and fulfilling the requirements of the companies (Australian Government, 2018).
The current policy made by the Australian government is to know the number of migrants and immigrants in the country, and for what reasons they are living in the country. Migration policy has been focused on the recent years due to the issue of skill level workers and educated workers in the country are migrants. At present, a new department has been made named Department of Immigration, Multicultural, and Indigenous Affairs (DIMIA), which is made specially to have the count on the migrants and immigrants living in the country. This department also has the count of people who are living in Australia permanently. Various migration programs have been set up by the Australian government to know the number of migrants (The guardian, 2018a).
In the recent time, there are policies made on the illegal migrants living in the country. Illegal migrants are those migrants who are living in the country without talking the official visa from the authority or overstay in the country without taking the permission from the official authorities. From the research, it comes to know that more than 50000 people in Australia are living without the permission. There is various migration program has been made which are related to the family policy of migration, humanitarian program and migration and settlement services (Kraal & Vertovec, 2017).
The impact of migration policies and programs in the country is finding on the environment, housing, and infrastructure, employment, economic growth, an aging population and social cohesion. To maintain the trade balance in the country, migration policies have been set up by the government of Australia. In Australia, the net migration growth has been marked at 5.5 migrants per 1000 population. This means there is an increase in the number of migrants in the country (Migration Policy Institute, 2017).
Impact of Migration Policies and Programs on Environment, Employment and Economy
However, in Australia, there are some controversial migration policies have been found in which Australia allow the asylum seekers. The recent change in the policy made by the Australian government with PNG (Nauru and Papua New Guinea) is that Australia allows them to live in the country. However, in the new policies, the people came from Guinean will not be allowed in the country until they do not have the visa for the same (The Atlantic, 2016). This will be concerned as the serious issue when this policy is implemented by the authorities, as it hampers the work and operation of other country.
Another policy that is introduced by the Australian government is that they allow some people to remain in Australia permanently on various grounds. These grounds included the Migration program and Humanitarian program. Humanitarian program are especially for the refuges of the country that have faces serious human rights issues and abuses. Foreign travelers are also allowed to have visited in the country under the temporary visas, which can also be applicable for the permanent residence (Czaika & Parsons, 2017).
The Government of Australia has also made the fact sheet related to the migration program planning levels. In this planning, there is a provision to increase the number of migrants in the country to increase the overall productivity of the country. This program is set annually by the government and migration department. For the year 2018-19, limit of 190000 people has been set up. From the table given below, it can be seen that the government is planning to have the policy in which there will be a migration of skilled people, families in the country and refugees with special eligibility. The limit for skilled people is designed to improve the productive capacity of the economy (Wang & Skeldon, 2016). Making the ceiling limit for the families is that they can meet their families who are working in the country. To have a reunion, the quota for the families in the migration program has been fixed. The person who does not get fit into the above will be included in the special eligibility (Corcoran, Faggian & McCann, 2010).
|
Stream and Category
|
2017-18
|
2018-19
|
|
Skill stream
|
|
Employer Sponsored
|
48,250
|
48,250
|
|
Skilled Independent
|
43,990
|
43,990
|
|
State & Territory & Regional Sponsored
|
28,850
|
28,850
|
|
Business Innovation & Investment Program
|
7,260
|
7,260
|
|
Distinguished Talent
|
200
|
200
|
|
Skill Total
|
128,550
|
128,550
|
|
Skill % of Program
|
68.9%*
|
68.9%*
|
|
Family Stream
|
|
Partner
|
47,825
|
47,825
|
|
Parent
|
8,675
|
8,675
|
|
Other Family
|
900
|
900
|
|
Family Total
|
57,400
|
57,400
|
|
Family % of Program
|
30.8%*
|
30.8%*
|
|
Special Eligibility
|
565
|
565
|
|
Total
|
186,515
|
186,515
|
|
Child (not subject to a ceiling)
|
3,485
|
3,485
|
(Source: The Atlantic, 2018)
Policy formulation and implementation makes easy in the society by the support of the people in the country. Recently the Australian government has formed the policy for migration in Australia is getting permanent for some people, which are skilled in nature. The policy formulation of adopting the multi-culture diversity in migrants is acceptable and permanent stay of some people will be allowed and followed easily in the country.
Controversial Policy Regarding Asylum Seekers
Australia sees the migration policies in a positive way as it provides the high productivity and intelligence in the country. This encourages the citizen to have the reach to the global world and can get the exposure of the market. Migration sometimes may be due to the educational purposes and training institutions. Australia has also adopted the policies to remain in the potential migrants with the skills and creativity. For examples, health workers who are in short supply in their home country but have high demand in the destination countries to serve the customer (Bhachu, 2017). Along with this, there are various regional differences also in the viewpoint of the Australian government. Therefore, from this example, it can be clearly understood that the migration is not always a loss for the country. Also works as an opportunity for the people who are getting their livelihood from the other country (Connell & McManus, 2016).
Migration can be called as the defining feature of Australia's social and economic life. Migration increases the productivity of the country by taking the human resources from the other country. A huge increase in the migration to Australia for short-term of the period is now had to be increased by the Australian government for the skilled persons and an international student who came for the education purpose in the country. This will increase the rise in the population of the home country (Parliament of Australia, 2010).
Some policies have also been made on the illegal migrants by the Australian Government. The person who has found without the permission or visa in the country can be given the order of detention from the country. Those who arrive by boats in the country are not permitted to enter in the country if they are coming without the official classification of refugees. From this, many of the people got affected. One of the major effects is found on the asylum seekers, which are coming from different countries to have the treatment in the country (Connell & McManus, 2016).
The impact of migration policy affects the country’s working and productivity. There have been significant changes found in the overseas sources of a migrant with the foreigners arriving from more of the different countries of the world. These policies have been criticised by most of the people in Australia. However, have advantage in the country in relation to the productivity and growth of the country. Majority of people in Australia has favoured the policy and make necessary step to implement it in the society. The policy will have both the positive and negative impact on the society (Wang, & Skeldon, 2016).
Annual Planning Levels for Migration Programs
In Australia, the foreign population in the country is more than 140 recognized ethnic groups, persons speaking more than 90 languages and practicing more than 80 religions in the country. All this will be the result of large migration in Australia due to the policies framed by its department. Recently due to the increase in the ethnic and the cultural diversity in the society, the migration department thought to replace the policy and not giving everyone the chance to enter in the market. However, to maintain the cultural diversity of the Australian society and seeing the positive aspects by improving the immigrant access to the government services. As not all, the department accepts the policy of multi-cultures in the Australian society and see it as the threat to the image of Australia, which is at the earliest and familiar with (The guardian, 2018b).
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that migration policies by the Australian government generated both the opportunities as well as challenges for the country. From this, the migration department of the country will have to be supportive in nature. One country bears the loss of human resources whereas the other country gains the human resources to increase the productivity in the country. The biggest reason for migration is that there are a need and requirement of skilled labors I other countries due to which the migration is done in the countries. The migration can be done by the families, skilled persons and other special peoples. The current issue faced by the Australian government is the presence of multicultural diversity in Australia, which is working as a threat to some people, and organization in the country. However, this issue is also giving some opportunities to some people also by having the knowledge and skill in the society.
- The respective authority, which is responsible for allowing the other person to come in the country, should be given to the different agency so that the burden should be given on the single authority. This will help in diving and bring specialization in the work.
- The Authority should conduct the investigations on the number of migrations applications regularly and clear them on the urgent basis. Authority should not be delayed in allowing the request of migration (Reitz, 2018).
- The country should try to improve the customer service number so that the problems and grievance of the migrants can be solved on the urgent basis.
- Authority should give updating its customers on online portal in which customer gets all the processing delays in their visa and other documents (Papastergiadis, 2018).
- Through the proper updating and maintaining of data, authority tries to reduce the illegal migrants in the country. This can be done by using the analytics in the study of the respective department.
- Involvement of the firm representatives in discussing the policies related to the skilled migrants. Authority should develop and department to explain their lobbying efforts and a large number of applications for skilled workers visas. Country should implement a tailor-made a program for the migrants that meet the requirement of the country and will have the positive impact on the country (Jacobs, 2016).
References
Australian Government. (2018). Fact Sheet: 2018-19 Migration Program planning levels. Retrieved from: https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/about/corporate/information/fact-sheets/20planning
Bhachu, P. (2017). Immigration and entrepreneurship: culture, capital, and ethnic networks. Oxon: Routledge.
Connell, J., & McManus, P. (2016). Rural revival?: Place marketing, tree change and regional migration in Australia. Oxon: Routledge.
Corcoran, J., Faggian, A., & McCann, P. (2010). Human capital in remote and rural Australia: the role of graduate migration. Growth and Change, 41(2), 192-220.
Czaika, M., & Parsons, C. R. (2017). The gravity of high-skilled migration policies. Demography, 54(2), 603-630.
Jacobs, K. (2016). Experience and representation: contemporary perspectives on migration in Australia. Oxon: Routledge.
Kraal, K., & Vertovec, S. (2017). Citizenship in European cities: Immigrants, local politics and integration policies. Oxon: Routledge.
MPI. (2018). Country Resources. Retrieved from: https://www.migrationpolicy.org/programs/migration-information-source/country-resources
Papastergiadis, N. (2018). The turbulence of migration: Globalization, deterritorialization and hybridity. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Parliament of Australia. (2010). Australia's Migration Program. Retrieved from: https://www.aph.gov.au/About_Parliament/Parliamentary_Departments/Parliamentary_Library/pubs/BN/1011/AustMigration
Reitz, J. G. (2018). Warmth of the welcome: The social causes of economic success in different nations and cities. Oxon: Routledge.
The Atlantic. (2016). Australia’s Controversial Migration Policy. Retrieved from: https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/04/australia-immigration/480189/
The guardian. (2018a). The changing shape of Australia's immigration policy. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/mar/24/australias-fierce-immigration-debate-is-about-to-get-louder
The guardian. (2018b). As Australia's population hits 25m, regions cry out for skilled migrants. Retrieved from: https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2018/mar/24/australias-fierce-immigration-debate-is-about-to-get-louder
Wang, X. S., & Skeldon, R. (2016). Reluctant exiles?: Migration from Hong Kong and the new overseas Chinese. Oxon: Routledge.
Cite This Work
To export a reference to this article please select a referencing stye below:
WhatsApp
