Analyzing a Business Case Using Organizational Behavior Framework

Step 1: Define the problem

STEP 1: Define the problem. Look first at the Outcome box of the Organizing Framework to help identify the important problem(s) in this case. Remember that a problem is a gap between a desired and a current state. State your problem as a gap and be sure to consider problems at all three levels. If more than one desired outcome is not being accomplished, decide which one is most important and focus on it for steps 2 and 3. Cases have protagonists (key players), and problems are generally viewed from a particular protagonist’s perspective. Identify the perspective from which you’re defining the problem—is it the perspective of Amazon or its workers? Use details in the case to identify the key problem. Don’t assume, infer, or create problems that are not included in the case. To refine your choice, ask yourself, Why is this a problem? Explaining why helps refine and focus your thinking. Focus on topics in the current chapter, because we generally select cases that illustrate concepts in the current chapter. STEP 2: Identify causes of the problem by using material from this chapter, summarized in the Organizing Framework shown in Figure 5.11. Causes will appear in either the Inputs box or the Processes box. Start by looking at Figure 5.11 to identify which person factors, if any, are most likely causes to the defined problem. For each cause, ask, Why is this a cause of the problem? Asking why multiple times is more likely to lead you to root causes of the problem. Follow the same process for the situation factors. Now consider the Processes box. Consider concepts listed at all three levels. For any concept that might be a cause, ask yourself, Why is this a cause? Again, do this for several iterations to arrive at root causes. To check the accuracy or appropriateness of the causes, be sure to map them onto the defined problem. STEP 3: Make recommendations for solving the problem. Consider whether you want to resolve it, solve it, or dissolve it (see Section 1.5). Which recommendation is desirable and feasible? Given the causes identified in Step 2, what are your best recommendations? Use the content or one of the earlier chapters to propose a solution. You may find potential solutions in the OB in Action boxes and Applying OB boxes within this chapter. These features provide insights into what other individuals or companies are doing in relationship to the topic at hand. Create an action plan for implementing your recommendations.Page 197