DIFFERENCES

ARCHAEA

BACTERIA

1. Significance

Archaea is a single celled microorganism, which is capable of surviving in harsh situations. The most primitive cells that are present on this planet for 4 billion years.

Bacteria is also a single celled organism, which has a complex structure, all bacteria’s leaving aside archaea are part of this category.

1. Location

Archaea’s are found in various types of uncommon places which could be a salt brine, depth of ocean or even a hot spring.

Bacteria can be found everywhere starting from living and non-living organisms, water, soil and different other places.

1. Cell wall structure

The cell wall of Archaea is known, as pseudopeptidoglycan.

The cell wall of bacteria is made of muramic acid, lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan.

1. Process of Reproduction

Archaea reproduce asexually through fragmentation, binary fission or budding process.

Bacteria reproduce through spores that helps them to survive any condtion.

1. Lipid Membrane

There is a bond with the division of aliphatic acids in the lipid membrane.

The lipid membrane is made of ester bonds and fatty acids.

1. Metabolism Pathway

The process of Glycolysis or Krebs cycle is not present in Archaea though they follow a similar pathway.

The process of glucose breakdown follows glycolysis and krebs cycle.

1. Various Types

Thermoacidophiles, Methanogens, Halophiles.

Gram- negative and Gram- Positive.

1. Examples

Methanobacterium formicum, Sulfolobulus acidocaldarius, Pyrolobus Fumarii, Pyrococcus furiosus.

Yersinia pestis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Streptococcus Pneumoniae