Game theory in economics can be described as an approach to understand strategic actions of players, two or more in a given condition which contains established outcomes and rules. When evaluating the concept of game theory in economics, it can be stated that the strategic interaction between two players or more in a setting that has established rules and outcomes is often conditioned to be reacting to each other’s perception. The theory has an impact on business and economics considering it addresses problems that has been identified as crucial in mathematical economic models that existed prior Lee. Not only that it also contributes to understanding entrepreneurial anticipation as well as imperfect competitions that can be handled in a new classical economic struggle. The theory puts attention towards a specific state in which the market process is evaluated to maintain equilibrium as well as identifying competitive behaviours that affects the ability of a business or an entrepreneur process to move ahead.
When explaining game theory, it can be stated that it is a theoretical representation or a framework that is used to conceive social situations when two or more players are competing. It can also be identified as a pragmatic approach when it comes to real world scenario of business and entrepreneurial decision making as well as facing competition in the market. Aspects in real-world business scenario identified as pricing competition, product launches, attracting customers and others are of an important key element that are predicted by implementing game theory in business interaction. In terms of decision making, what are the key elements of game theory is to identify the interactive situation as well as the contingency that can be implemented if the competition cannot be handled effectively. As a theory, it has a range of applications in terms of work, economics, evolutionary biology, business, psychology, politics and others. It can be stated that theory not only contributes to decision-making when considering the consequences of the same but also helps reach an outcome.
The main characteristics of game theory are game, players, strategy, information said, equilibrium and payoff. These are the main characteristics of game theory because they not only contribute to evaluating the two players especially in business playing with each other in terms of identifying each other’s competitive threats and opportunities. These elements also help players or group of players to reach a decision when it comes to identifying a development that might take place when taking a decision. The context of the game or the competition that survives between the two or more players leads to them implementing strategies that either use practical circumstances and an established policy. If the game is not followed genuinely, sometimes one party pay off the other party to utilise decision making that has leads to the integration of competition challenge in the first place.
The importance of game theory can be described as its contribution to words effective understanding of probability and possibility towards understanding benefits and opportunities. It not only contributes to enforcing decision making that helps in accepting growth and development but also provides a credible understanding in terms of pricing strategies, product launch and other aspects in terms of economic development and business. Not only that theory also helps understand the elastic and in elastic approach of price increase or decrease. The demand of the products of an organisation can be better understood with the implementation of game theory when two players facing each other and identifying the competition in terms of deviating the threats in the form of services to the customers. The theory also helps in terminating the opponent by creating a power struggle and establishing a superior approach to words justifying one’s actions.
The types of game theory are cooperative and noncooperative theories. In evaluating the cooperative theory, it can be stated that coalitions or cooperative groups interact when the conditions for the payoffs are established from the beginning. Not only that the quality in between the players is the right way to approach leading to the formation of the group, their integration and the way it can be used to payoff. This approach raises questions in terms of individual functionality especially when working in a group, the condition is based on which payoff is performed towards individual players is questioned. according it contributes to the available strategies that can be implemented in terms of cooperation, combination and effective implementation of change. However, in noncooperative game theory, it can be stated that the focuses on individual school leading to a noncooperative game when it consists of a group. The strategic approach in this theory is individual and there is no concept of collaboration or cooperation when it comes to this simplistic decision making of an individual’s approach and their understanding and combination of strategies. Not only that it helps understand the relationship that can be developed between two players especially in a competitive environment to contribute to the development of a common ground.
The game theory applies to economics in terms of evaluating decision making as well as implementing strategic interaction das they can be observed in the form of dominant strategic equilibrium. In dominant strategy, the two or more individuals or organisations are facing each other in a business environment or an economics, one choice provides a better outcome than other. While in Nash equilibrium, each player or participant would not benefit from changing the strategy considering the choices made by the other player is relatable. This approach is not potato efficient but it implies the fact that both players can only gain or benefit from the decision making if they cooperate or collaborate. In economics, issues such as establishing stable prices, integrating price wars, evaluating investment and new technologies, the games theory helps understand the probability of profiting from the investment as well as the need to substantially pay off if the market standards are not met by the organisation. Not only those operations of an organisation or a business can develop better if this theory is implemented.
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