There are diverse categories of steps which are associated to SEM such as parameter estimation, model specification, model evaluation, identification, and model modification. Model specification is helpful in defining the hypothesized relationship among the variables, on the other hand, model identification is defined as the process by which helps in determining if a model is over identified, under identified or just identified. On the other hand, model evaluation can help in determining the fitness of the performance model, validation is defined as the process of improving both the stability as well as the reliability of the measurement model. At the same time, it can also be said that there are numerous intuitive manuals which can help in organizing each step of structural equation modelling such as MPlus, Lavaan, piecewise SEM, AMOS and MATLAB. Thus, the basic steps of this modelling technique are assumptions, measures, data. Model Specification is the ensuing step of this modelling process, identification and estimation is the following step of SEM. After the occurrence of this step, the next step is model testing and evaluation of the fitness. The following step is the re-specification of the model, whereas the final step is the interpretation and reporting of the results. The following pictorial illustration is much useful for understanding the steps required for structural equation modelling in a detailed modus.
Figure 1: Steps of structural equation modelling
Every research has dependent and independent variables, the influence of each variable needs to be determined in the first place. There are numerous tools and techniques which are used to research on dependent and independent variables and SEM is one of them. It is much significant to comprehend the relationship between the variables and SEM can be much helpful in studying these relationships. Statistical tests of these variables can be conducted using SEM. It can be said that SEM can help a researcher to get the directions of the research. The strengths of the relationships among the variables can also be determined in the first place using SEM. Any type of phenomenon associated to the variables can be determined using SEM as well.
In an academic research, it is much significant in analysing the relationship among the variables of the project. In this process, it is much significant to conduct both factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. It is also important to understand the relationship between latent construct and the measured variables, in those situations we can use structural equation model. Both the multiple as well as the interdependent relation needs to be estimated in the first place which can be done using this model. This model is also very much helpful in determining the relationship among the variables, multicollinearity needs to be detected in the first place as well. Structural equation model is the best model which can help in determining the association of the factors and the variables.
There are diverse categories of methodologies which are applied by researchers all over the world such as the qualitative technique and the quantitative technique. Qualitative technique requires the involvement of qualitative data which is usually gathered from scholarly articles, government database, on the other hand quantitative technique requires the conduction of an interview, survey or group discussion so that unbiased raw data can be obtained. Thematic analysis is the type of data analysis technique which is used to analyse qualitative data, on the other hand statistical tools like MS Excel, SPSS are used for analysing quantitative data. SEM or the structural equation modelling is also used to critically analyse quantitative data only, hence it can be said that SEM can be categorised as a quantitative research technique.
There are diverse categories of statistical analysis techniques which are used for analysing structural relationships, for the beginners it is very significant to understand which exact statistical analysis shall be fulfilling their requirement. It is much significant to learn about the theories of SEM for the beginners before applying them in a real life situation. It is much significant for the beginners to understand the difference between multiple and inter related dependence in the first place. Along with that the difference between endogenous and exogenous variables needs to be understood by the beginners as well so that they can work with SEM in a systematic modus. It is much significant for the beginners to understand insight of the measurement model. Apart from these concept, there are numerous other concepts which needs to be focussed by the beginners such as the knowledge of non spurious relationship, linearity, sequence, defining of individual constructs and development of measurement model. Designing of the study in such a manner so that empirical results are obtained needs to be learnt by the beginners as well.
PPT is defined as Power Point presentation which consists of slides, animation and slide notes, it is one of the products which are provided from Microsoft Corporation. The constructs as well as the latent variables which are associated to structural equation modelling can be studied in detailed modus using a PPT. Structural co-efficient biasedness can be addressed in the first place using a PPT as well. Model specification choices can also be determined in the first place using a PPT. A PPT is also much helpful for determining the structural coefficient biasedness. The process by which theories frames the modelling procedure can also be determined from a PPT as well. PPT can also help in describing the new developments in general terms in such modus so that it is easier to understand. Analysing any type of experimental data is also one of the advantages of structural equation modelling PPT. Hence, it can be comprehended that structural equation modelling PPT is much useful for understanding the role of SEM which is increasingly used across the healthcare industries all over the world.
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