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Did your professor or lecturer ask you to write about tactical voting in elections and don't know about the topic? Here you will get to know brief information about the topic. Read this thoroughly, and you can write your assignment easily.

What is Tactical Voting?

When a voter casts a vote for a candidate who is not their first preference to prevent another candidate from winning, this is known as tactical voting. This is most common in first-past-the-post elections, where a voter is concerned that their preferred candidate lacks the necessary popularity to win. As a result, voters may vote for their second preference to prevent an unfavorable candidate from winning.

Tactical voting, in general, hurts fringe parties with smaller voter bases and a lower chance of winning candidate elections. As a result, voters may opt for a moderate candidate who is more popular. Voting for a fringe party with a slim chance of winning is sometimes seen as a wasted vote.

How does Tactical Voting Works?

Tactical voting is when a person votes for a candidate who is not his or her first choice to avoid an unfavorable outcome. In most circumstances, this means voting for the candidate you believe has the best chance of winning rather than your personal favorite.

Examples:

1. In 1997 large numbers of Labor, SNP, and LD supporters voted for whoever would defeat the Conservative candidate. In seats where Labor was the leading challenger to the Conservatives, Labor support went up by 3 points above the national average, and LD support fell by 2 points below the average. In seats where the LDs were the leading challengers to the Conservatives, LD support went up by 2 points above the national average, and Labor support fell by 3 points below the average.

2. In 2015, the informal agreement among Unionist supporters in Scotland was to vote for a strong candidate to defeat the SNP contender in their area, but this did not happen. Conservative electors in Sheffield Hallam voted tactically for the Lib Dems to keep Nick Clegg in his seat as the most probable Lib Dem to form a coalition with them. In seats where UKIP would have won, there was also some covert tactical voting, with Conservatives and Labor voting for one other to prevent that.

How should I Vote Tactically?

Tactical voting is described as voting for a party other than your initial choice.

A tactical voter can justify voting pragmatically for a "lesser evil" candidate because it will prevent a "greater evil" from becoming elected. Finally, tactical voters are concerned that an idealistic vote could hand an election to a "less popular" candidate. A tactical voter, by nature utilitarian, chooses a candidate who is not "perfect" but is manifestly better than the one they want to defeat.

How to Vote Tactically in European Elections?

The European Parliament (EP) elections in the United Kingdom on May 23 will be unlike any other, and not just because they weren't supposed to happen at all. Unlike previous EP elections, this one is creating interest, thanks to Brexit, the Brexit Party, the plethora of "Remain" parties, the predicted punishment for both the ruling and opposition parties, and various other sub-plots.

They are also causing:

• A surge in interest in how EP elections are run and how votes are converted into seats. 
• This is partly because three Remain parties (Liberal Democrats, Greens, and Change UK/The Independent Group) are running separately. 
• They compete with one another. 
• The Brexit Party appears to be attracting most of the hard Brexit vote.
• The pro-Remain vote that is likely to be just as large might be divided three ways, or possibly four.
• This is depending on if some Remainers continue with Labour despite their ambiguity on a second referendum issue.

People may have known that in EP elections, rather than the first-past-the-post (FPTP) method used in general elections, a proportional system is employed. As a result, the name d'Hondt is being tossed about in the British media. D'Hondt is one of the techniques for assigning seats in multi-member districts available. It is the technique used in the European elections in the eleven electoral areas of the United Kingdom that does not include Northern Ireland.

Tactical Voting in the EU 2019 Election

The tactical vote in the European General Election of 2019 was unlike any other in British history. The well-known 'Left' vs. 'Right' prism has been fractured by 'Brexit' divisions. Party allegiances were shattered, and various interest groups fought to pick up the pieces.

In the 2019 General Election, 11 major parties contested, 

• four of which were pro-Brexit (Conservatives, Brexit Party, DUP, UUP) and 
• seven of which were anti-Brexit (Labour, Lib Dem, SNP, Green, SDLP, Alliance). 

The 11 parties were competing for two very evenly divided portions of the population: the party who wanted to stay in the EU and those who wanted to leave.

There was a lot of talk about tactical voting in the UK in the days leading up to election day. It was assumed that 'remain' supporters would vote for the 'remain candidate' with the highest chance of victory in their local constituency. Supporters of 'Brexit' were believed to follow the same logic.

However, because Brexit was not the only issue at hand, and as previously said, people's loyalties are not usually so easily sold. This was never going to be the case for every voter.

Who Votes Tactically?

The typical tactical voter is supposed to be politically engaged, pragmatic, and well-educated.

Furthermore, if your "first-choice" party is unlikely to win in your area, you may choose to vote tactically; this is common among supporters of smaller parties such as the Lib Dems, Greens, and UKIP.

According to YouGov polling, roughly 19 percent of the population planned for tactical voting in the 2019 European General Election. When analyzed only by party, it was found that 12% of 'first-choice Conservative voters voted strategically, 19% of 'first-choice Labour voters voted strategically, and 36% of 'first-choice Lib Dem supporters voted tactically.

Finally, during the campaign, a significant shift from Labour and Conservatives to Remain parties resulted in a situation in which the fragmentation of the Remaining vote had surprisingly little impact. This effects how their votes were translated into seats – primarily because it elevated the LibDems to the status of a major party by European election standards.

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