The original stupa, a type of Buddhist monument, evolved into a pavilion-like watchtower in China.
Stupas were originally built in ancient India as places of veneration and worship. They typically consisted of a domed structure that housed relics, such as the ashes of the Buddha or other important figures in Buddhist history. Over time, stupas became more elaborate, with additional tiers, decorative elements, and symbols added to the structure.
In China, the stupa evolved into a different type of structure known as a pagoda. The pagoda was a tall, multi-tiered tower that served as a place of worship and also functioned as a watchtower, offering a view of the surrounding area. The pagoda was influenced by Chinese architectural traditions and incorporated elements of Confucianism, Taoism, and other local beliefs.
The earliest known pagoda in China is the Songyue Pagoda, which was built in Henan province in the fifth century CE. It consisted of a square base with nine levels, each with a roof and a balcony. Over time, pagodas became more elaborate, with additional tiers and decorative elements added to the structure.
One of the most famous pagodas in China is the Tianning Pagoda, located in Changzhou. It was built in the seventh century CE and stands at over 150 meters tall. It has 13 tiers and is decorated with intricate carvings and statues.
In summary, while the stupa originated in India as a type of Buddhist monument, it evolved into the pagoda in China. The pagoda served as a place of worship and also functioned as a watchtower, offering a view of the surrounding area. The pagoda was influenced by Chinese architectural traditions and incorporated elements of Confucianism, Taoism, and other local beliefs. The Tianning Pagoda is one of the most famous pagodas in China, standing at over 150 meters tall and featuring 13 tiers and intricate carvings and statues.
