Harvard Referencing Guide > Unpublished Works

Harvard Referencing Guide

When using Harvard referencing, the source citation is placed directly after the quote, referring to the reference list. Because the reference is incorporated in the text, only short forms are utilised. This is also known as parenthetic referencing. Harvard referencing is simple and straightforward. As a result, it becomes popular. The Harvard referencing style incorporates references into a piece of work in two places: the text and a reference list at the conclusion. In general, every author name that appears in the text must also appear in the reference list, as must every work. The list must also be mentioned in the main text. All of the reference's features are crucial, including the full stops and commas. In-text citations in Harvard style must include author's surname and the year the work was published. If you quote or paraphrase something, include a page number. In general, every writer name that comes in the text also must appear in the reference list, as must every work. The list must also be mentioned in the main text. All of the reference's features are crucial, including the full stops and commas. In-text references in Harvard style should include the author's surname and the year the work was published. If you quote or paraphrase something, include a page number.

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For example,

in case of Book referencing with one author: Author Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title. Edition (if not first edition). Place of publication: Publisher.

Book with two authors: Author Surname, Initial(s). and Author Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title. Edition (if not first edition). Place of publication: Publisher.

Book with three authors: Author Surname, Initial(s)., Author Surname, Initial(s). and Author Surname, Initial(s). (Year). Title. Edition (if not first edition). Place of publication: Publisher.

Book with four authors: First Author Surname, Initial(s). et al. (Year). Title. Edition (if not first edition). Place of publication: Publisher. For references with four or more authors, include only the first author followed by et al written in italics.

Published works are kind works that an individual or an organization has delivered to a large number of people, either electronically or in print. Annual reports, quarterly reports, and research reports are examples of published works. Unpublished works are ones that have not been widely distributed, such as internal documents or reports. Unpublished works are referred to in a different way than published works.

The Author-Date style refers to the Harvard-style format or Harvard referencing system. It highlights the creator's name and the publication date, with a reference list in chronological order at the conclusion of the paper, work, or report.

The format of Harvard referencing an article that is not yet published is the following:

• Author (surname followed by initials).
• Year of publication (in round brackets).
• Title of article (in single quotation marks).
• Title of journal (in italics - capitalise first letter of each word in title, except for linking words such as and, of, the, for).
• Issue information, that is, volume (unbracketed) and, where applicable, part number, month, or season (all in round brackets).
• Page reference.
• DOI (if available).
• To be published in (if stated).
• [Preprint] (in square brackets).
• Available at: URL (Accessed: date)

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The examples of Harvard referencing is given as follows:

• Chiang, A.C. and Wainwright, K. (2015). Fundamental Methods Of Mathematical Economics. 6^th New Delhi: McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited.
• Ross, S.A., Westerfield, R.W., Jaffe, J., Jordan, B.D. and Kakani, R.K. (2018).  Corporate Finance. 11^th Chennai: McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited.
• Krugman, P.R. and Obstfeld, M. (2014). International Economics Theory and Policy. 8^th India: Pearson.
• Giri, P.K. and Banerjee, J. (2015). Statistical Tools and Techniques. 4^th Kolkata: Academic Publishers.
• N.G. (2014). Principles of Economics. 6^thedition. Delhi: Cengage Learning India Private Limited.
• Pindyck, R.S., Rubinfeld, D.L. and Mehta, P.L. (2016). Microeconomics. 7^th Pearson.

An in-text citation should be displayed wherever in your work when you cite or paraphrase a source, directing the reader to the complete reference. Citations occur in the text in brackets in Harvard style. An in-text citation includes the author's last name, the year of publishing, and, if applicable, a page number. The Harvard style is a reference method in which citations in a text are inserted in parenthesis. This section contains explanations and examples of how to arrange references according to Harvard. In-text references are references to a quotation or paraphrases that are written within the primary body of text. They are significantly shorter than complete references. The reference list includes the complete reference for in-text citations. In-text citations in Harvard referencing include the surname of the author(s) or editor(s), the year of publication, and the page number (s). Using author James Mitchell as an example, this takes the form: Mitchell (2017, p. 189) states.

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In-text citations are very consistent across source types; unless otherwise specified, presume the in-text citation follows the principles indicated above. The references in the reference list vary greatly between sources. In-text citations are embedded within the content of your content and count toward the word count. An in-text citation provides the author(s) and publication date of a source. If no publication date is supplied, the term 'no date' is used in its place. If you use direct quotations or allude to a specific area of the source, you must also include the page number/s, or paragraph number for online sites, if available. Full references, which are listed sequentially at the conclusion of your work and are not counted in the word count. Full references provide complete bibliographical information for every source cited in the body of your article. The popular format is commonly used in humanities assignments and publications, as well as scientific, social, and behavioural sciences. While in-text citations are used to highlight where you have actually cited or paraphrased an article, the list of references, organized alphabetically with full Harvard citations that allows the reader to easily identify each source. Each entry should be linked to a footnote citation in the main body of the writing, so that a user may grab an in-text citation and immediately find the source in the reference section.