Significance of Data Collection

In this report, research proposal will be made regarding the topic pedagogy and practice in education. Pedagogy is the method and practice in teaching, it is also known as approach to teaching. It can also be said that pedagogy is another word for education, it is the art of teaching. In order to construct the art of pedagogy it is requires classroom interactions and there should be respectable bound between educators and learners. The primary aim of pedagogy is to build effective and systematically learning process so that students can effectively acknowledge the subject. Apart from this, every teacher has their own subject specific pedagogy(Lewthwaite and Nind, 2016). Under this teacher used to teach their students about the specific subject with their own methods so that students can effectively learn information, organize, stores and easily retrieve or recall that knowledge. In this report, research proposal will be made. This research proposal will include approach, hypothesis, literature review for the selected topic (only peer-reviewed) literatures will be selectedand ethical aspects of research will also be discussed. Apart from this, types and sources of research data will also be selected.

Research approach consists of plan and procedure that involves steps and assumptions about the data collection, analysis and interpretation. In other words, it can be said that research approach is the master plan which carries the methods and procedures for analysing and collecting the needed information in a research study. This research will revolve around the pedagogy and practice in education (Hennessey, et. al., 2017). In this research proposal “deductive research approach” will be selected because it helps in testing the validity by focusing on the benefits and importance of pedagogy and practice in education in the United Kingdom.

Research philosophy is the way in which researcher gather and analyse the data about the specific subject. Research philosophy helps the researchers to get the adequate findings about the research for commencing the study. Research philosophy also incorporates source, nature and development of knowledge. Apart from this, the choice of research philosophy is impacted by the practical implications. These are important philosophical that only focus on the important facts and analysis. In this research proposal, “deductive research approach” will be utilized because it will help in testing the validity by focusing on the benefits and importance of pedagogy in education practice(Ooiwa-Yoshizawa, 2018).

According to Hennessey et. al. (2017), the success of the students in the K-12 mathematics classroom depends on two primary factors that are involvement of the students in subject and clarity of their fundamental concepts. According to the authors its requires a close attention to understand that involvement of the students and clarity of the fundamental concepts of the mathematics depends upon the teaching trait of their teacher. As it is well known facts that most of the students in the world consider mathematics as most difficult subjects that primary reason behind this is that most students do not have interest in this subject and they do not have the knowledge about the fundamental concepts of the subjects. Here, pedagogy plays an important role because it helps teacher to enhance their quality of teaching through which students can incorporate the deeper learning in their specific subject. Thus, not only in the mathematics but in all subjects the success rate of the students better depends the two things as mention above. Thus, teachers should incorporate the specific teaching style which should encourage interest for the subject in the students. Once students start showing their interest then teachers can start with solving the fundamental concepts of the student effective and efficiently(Hennessey, et. al., 2017).

According to Ooiwa-Yoshizawa (2018), this literature will show about the historical background of critical pedagogy that how it has been approached to the field of language education. According to the author, in order to understand the historical background of the critical pedagogy it is important to summarize the five main themes of progressivism such as a democratic education, a criticism of traditional education, understanding of the conception of a knowledge, evolution of the whole person and understanding to the human nature. As many school and education houses are inspired by the anti-authoritarian educational theory. As name suggested, schools follow a strict approach to teach students which is somehow identical to the dictatorship. Furthermore, in this literature, author stated that he is not in favour of the anti-authoritarian educational theory although it is noted that students performs extremely well under the approach but still author do not support this approach because author states that the process of teaching students should be conducted in the reliable and affection way. While learning a new topic studentshould conduct this process because of their interest in the subject rather than the fear of their teachers. However, for developing the interest of the students, teacher style plays animportant role(Ooiwa-Yoshizawa, 2018).

According to Lewthwaite and Nind (2018), the teachers should develop the habits of reading pleasure in the students, starting from their pre-schools and primary phase settings phase. Authors shows that if teachers incorporate the norms of pedagogy in the students right from their pre-schools then it is beneficiary for the teachers as well as because it is the opportunity for them for enhancing their teaching style in effective and efficient manner. In 21^st century, education system is incorporating the digital era, in this era teachers are also focusing on developing specific teaching style for educating their students and for delivering quality education. In this literature, author has selected the theory driven approach where author identified ways through which conceptual elaboration can effectively take place with the contemporary reading theories as digital platform will help the teachers and students in much broad way. Digital learning is moving forwards and it is eliminating the traditional classroom methods each day. As per the views of author, through the application of digital learning, it is good to see that teachers are utilizing a specific form of teaching which is known as their own specific teaching trait(Lewthwaite and Nind, 2016).

According to Sandfortand&Gerdes (2017), authoritarian practices are incorporating by many schools and education houses. As authoritarian refers to the power and authority through which schools rules their students. As total authoritarian system is the spectrum in the schooling system which originated from the military schooling. However, education houses are conducting and operating this system for the betterment of the students but analysis shows that this system creates the fear in the students for accomplishing a target which may put adverse effect on them from the perspective of education psychology. Moreover, author also explained that in this era of 21^st century, education system is moving towards libertarian then the authoritarian system. As libertarian incorporates that teaching to the students with lack of imposed power and authority on the student’s life. This system allows students to decide what they want to learn and how what they want to achieve in their academics. Here, author has also mentioned that till the primary classes there should be authoritarian system because it is observed that till the primary age students do not have the enough understanding about the subjects and it is also important that students should have the basic knowledge for the specific subject. Thus, in this literature it is concluded that libertarian and authoritarian system both have they own benefits and even in 21^st century students should not completely move towards the libertarian system. For the betterment, till primary age group there should be authoritarian system so that students can incorporate basic knowledge and when students successfully accomplish good grades in their primary education then there should be libertarian system(Sandfort and Gerdes, 2017).

According to Nind(2018), powerful pedagogy drawn extensive knowledge from the wide range of accessible synthesis work in the classroom. According to the author, powerful pedagogy should incorporates following practical research based solutions such as modelling of excellence, critically explanation of understanding, testing to permanency, marking for improvement, effective planning of lessons and curriculum sequences, modellingof excellence, etc. These are the critical improvement factors because it will help the teacher to incorporates the principles so that they can apply their pedagogy in the adequate manner. Apart from this, author has mention that learning for the principles for the pedagogy also helps the teachers in their professional as well as their personal development. Thus, incorporating these forms will help the teacher to make better choices so that they can deliver quality education to the students. As per the views of authors, pedagogy is the process which starts from the teachers and ends to the students by delivering the quality education. The prime goal of adopting the art of pedagogy in education is that to make students understand better. Thus, teachers should learn the principles of pedagogy with the viewpoint so that their students can gain better education(Nind, 2018).

According to Okello and Quaye (2018), authors advocate for utilizing creativity in pedagogy trait. As creativity in pedagogy helps teacher to deal with the critical complex issues related to the psychology of the students. In this literature, authors have concluded about the cultural conformity and domination, provocation, reflexivity and participators methods through which a teacher can form the better pedagogy practices in their teaching career. Apart from this, author has also described that once teachers or administrations effective learn the methods of add creativity on their pedagogy trait then they can effectively motivate students so that students can perform well in their academics. Here, authors also advocate that through the applications of pedagogy teachers should follow the aim to enable the interest for the subjects among the students rather than simply teaching them. It is great to teach such students who have actual passion for the subject because these kind of students grabs the knowledge early. However, it is the duty of the teachers to incorporate specific behaviour in the students so that students can effectively utilize the methods to learn, organize, store and recall the existing data. Pedagogy also operates effectively when there is the strong interactions between teacher and students, this strong interactions becomes deeper when the students starts incorporating their interest in the subject(Nind, 2018).

According to Lewthwaite&Nind (2016), In spite of the developing corpus of research in techniques instructional method, this writing is minor when contrasted and conversations of sociology strategy. The bits of knowledge picked up from such research are important, adding to educational culture by giving point by point instances of the manners by which instructors can connect with, and propel, students through changes to academic practice. Notwithstanding, there stays a requirement for look into that grows the edge of reference to cross-cutting examination that supports the dialogic rehearses through which training praxis can be all the more experimentally and methodicallyanalysed and discussed. This is the hole that we are attempting to fill(Nind, 2018).

These are approaches that are grounded in reflection on the exploration procedure, learning by doing research and the procedures important to make strategies obvious. To do this, we show and talk about another proof base grounded in subjective examination of master praxis in the educating of sociology inquire about strategies, which comprises a stage towards the development of an instructive culture. A key test in the improvement of greatness in the instructing of research strategies has been that the improvement of cutting edge techniques preparing has as often as possible been the assignment of methodological specialists who don't have an educational foundation.

The research proposal demonstrates that the present research will be contributed to the educational setting because pedagogy and practice in considered the most appropriate approach of education(Ooiwa-Yoshizawa, 2018). It is due to the reason that pedagogy provides various models theories and teaching practices through which learners increase their learning by understanding different procedure and structure. In the classroom this practice also increases the knowledge of the individual by providing the information regarding the factors which influence the psychological development and growth of the learners in the classroom.

It contribute all the factors through the educational aspects it is due to the reason that it give the information to the learners about the theories which is helpful to the learners to apply the skills abilities, knowledge and capabilities in the education context. Therefore, it is the most important approach which comes at the time when learners adopt the theory and practice in highly effective manner. It is directly with the education because in this teachers use several models, strategies and actions to develop the students. The teachers also focus on the needs and understanding of the learners so that they can develop professionally and learn according to their interest.

The research proposal demonstrates that the present study will be focus on three major components which is more important to be studied so that present objective of conducting the research is attained(Lewthwaite and Nind, 2016). The research will be based on the individual skills and abilities as well as the society as the whole, the study will be focusing on all the elements which is related to the education:-

The research proposal demonstrates that research will be considered various ethical aspects it is because this will help the researchers to conduct research in ethical manner. The research will be conduct by adopting the principle of objectivity in which each step of the research is performed without biases that is data collection, analysis and interpretation etc. The other ethical aspects include openness in which all the data, information and findings is shared in highly efficient manner. Therefore through this ethical aspect it is clearly shows that research will be open for carrying out the new innovation, ideas and data about the pedagogy and practice in education.

The confidentiality is one of the ethical aspects which is followed while conducting that is each activity and approaches are recorded it is because this increase motivation level of the respondents and keep the responses of respondents confidential. The legality is also one of the ethical aspects which is to be followed and used while conducting the research it is because through this data collection through respondents and by selecting appropriate literatures is done in ethical manner by adopting the privacy and carefulness approach so that objective of the research will be achieved.

The research proposal demonstrates that sources of data collection is considered major step in conducting the research. It is because it supports the research to collect appropriate information to achieve the aim of conducting the research. For conducting the research primary research will be used because of collecting the information from the respondents about the teaching practices which is to be followed and help the learners to learn the theories in more efficient manner. The research will be conducted in UK by involving all the respondents in the study, the study will be using random sampling technique it is because not appropriate respondent are chosen to involve in the study. The respondents are selected randomly that is all participate gets equal chance to provide their opinions and ideas regarding the pedagogy and practice in education.

It is also demonstrate that research will be conducted by adopting quantitative method that is  findings of the research will be analysedby adopting testing method it is because the results of the respondents is analysed in efficient manner. This helps me to get the appropriate information regarding the technique and methods which is to be used in teaching the learners. The results of the research will also demonstrate the opinions of the respondents about the nature of the classroom and behaviour of the teachers in the particular situation. The research will be important because it provide the information about the inefficient and innovative techniques so that appropriate method to be chosen according to the needs and requirements of the learners as well as children.

It is the type of guidelines which is to be followed while conducting the research, this approach helps the researchers to select the suitable data analysis and collection technique so that aim of performing the study to be achieved(Hennessey, et. al., 2017). There are various approaches but it is considered most difficult to understand the appropriate technique it is because data is collected and analysed efficiently. The research proposal demonstrate that in the present research exploratory research design will be used it is because through study will be conducted by taking the responses from respondents. This is help in investigating the results of data collection by proper framework. The present research will also adopt “pragmatism research philosophy” so that teaching method will contribute towards the society and describe the manner in which teachers teach the learners. It is because innovative method will use suitable practice of learning.

The study will be using descriptive approach it is because description of the findings will be provided in descriptive manner. The research will be conducted by adopting primary method that is by developing the questionnaire regarding the strategies and method which is to be used to provide teaching to the learners. In this context various questions is asked from the respondents regarding the subject matter so that validity and realism will be maintained in the present study. The study will be conducted in UK and take the perception of the teachers to know their pedagogy and practice in providing education to the learners.

The research proposal demonstrate that data which is collected are significant because it take the perception of the respondents and involve more of participates in the data collection. It is important because the data will be describing the manner of providing information and innovative technique which is to be used to make study more reliable and accurate. Therefore in the present study will also describes the content which should be used so that philosophies and theories which teachers used to increase education and to develop the student in professional manner. This research is important because not much of the study is conducted to understand the pedagogy and practice in education of UK. This is most important concept because this leads in involving more children to learn critical practices and approaches regarding the subject matter.

The present study is using questionnaire method which is become highly significant for the respondent. There are various advantages of questionnaire which includes that questionnaire is considered best method of collecting the data it is because through this more of the respondents gets involved and it is more practical manner of collecting the data and describes the target group which is selected in collecting the data. It is also the quick method to get the accurate results so that objective of conducting the research will be achieved.

The expected conclusion revealed that research will be providing the information regarding the innovative strategies which is to be used in defining the content and philosophies so that all accurate practices will be adopted so that appropriate teaching is provided to learners. The study will also be focusing on defining the attitudes of the children regarding the quality of teaching and strategies through which the individual should be develop by using professional abilities so that growth of the individual will be achieved. The results also show that it can increase the understanding of other training institution to give the information about the policies which should be adopted to raise the teaching practices.The research proposal also demonstrate that research will provide the data about the technique which teachers used and the appropriate theories through which learners can increase the knowledge as well as skills of the particular subject area.

The results of the study revealed that the capabilities of the individual are linked with the society as the whole and this information is appropriate for the individual to remain in the society and to focus on the various elements of the subject matter. The expectation of the results also describe that pedagogy is the art and practice of teaching and practices.  The teachers use this technique to focus on the needs and behaviour of the children and increase the abilities of the teachers to maintain workforce diversity in the classroom as well as manage better working and reading environment.

There is relationship with the pedagogy and practice in education as well as evidence-based practice it is because the research is based on the scientific and other experimental evidence so that appropriate evidence is increased and agreement is taken by describing the opinion of the respondent. This research is important to make the appropriate decision making by defining the related arguments and defining the practices in conducting the scientific research that is present research is conducted by using quantitative approach. It is related with the evidence-based approach it is due to the reason that different practices and approaches help in encouraging the researchers to that decision makers make decision and get findings according to the required subject matter. The present study will provide evidence and define the practices which s become effective and become systematic for defining the results and findings of the subject matter. Therefore, there is association with the existing literatures it is because this helps in providing most important theories which is helpful in adopting the resources components and parts so that proper coordination is made and technique is used to get the reliable information and data.

It is most important and appropriate it is because will allow me to make systematic review about the perception and opinions of the different authors and support the researchers to appraise in highly critical manner. Therefore the present research will adopt the cohort studies and define the case of the UK so that pedagogy and practice is described by taking the educational context and background information about the subject matter. In this expert opinions and perception of the respondents is also taken into consideration with the reports and appropriate findings. UDL is a methodology established in profoundly held instructive standards and speculations that have been modernized dependent because of Universal Design, a design philosophy centredon creating equivalent methods for access, which began in the field of engineering. UDL can be described as a proactive instructive teaching method empowering consideration and fair access for all learners. Under the UDL approach, educational program materials, exercises, and guidance are planned with the adaptability to coordinate each student's qualities and needs so all understudies can approach what will be found out in the class. This approach applies as its centre principles the promotion and usage of methodologies and strategies for numerous methods of representation

The research proposal demonstrates that present research that is pedagogy and practice in education is contributed in decision-making. It is due to the reason because present study is based on the belief and information on defining the practice which should be adopted in improving the methods which teachers can use in giving education to the students. The research also provide the information that this practice leads in increasing the abilities of the children to become more authorized in decision making and clarifies several basic concept about the particular subject matter. This is helpful in making efficient decision this is due to the reason that this research contribute and adopt the practice of integration in which all the information are tested by using the evidence practices so that all the decision is taken by children and teachers by defining and influencing the external environmental and internal factors. Therefore, through this research better coordination of the resources is also made and values, perception and preferences of the both learners and teachers is taken into consideration while making the judgement about the specific area. For making the judgement best literatures are reviewed and selected so that appropriate evidence is gathered for the information.

From the above it is concluded that pedagogy is significant for educating the children it is because this helps in adopting several methods which is made due to the preferences and requirement of the learners. In these innovative and effective approaches is used and helps in motivating the children through this they develop because of increasing their different skills such as intellectual and communication skills. The proposal describes that research will be conducted by adopting primary method and descriptive research design so that objective of conducting the research will be accomplished. The data collection will be done through questionnaire technique by asking their respondents so that further findings and recommendation is provided according the nature of the respondents. The above literatures also revealed that in the education centre authoritarian system is provided to the primary age group children it is because accurate education is provided to them and there are different forms and guidelines which is provided to the teachers so that they can follow basic principles in providing the education to the children. Therefore, pedagogy leads in marinating better relationship among the teachers and students and help the children to increase their interest in the subject.

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