Mobile Business Technology and Design - Role of mobile gaming technology in the entertainment sector

Running head: MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Mobile Business Technology and Design Name of the Student Name of the University Author Note 1 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Executive Summary: The main aim of this report is identifying the role of mobile business technology within the entertainment sector, in particularly the gaming sector. The gaming industry highly contributes in the total entertainment sector. In the present situation, mobile games are gaining popularity due to its portability advantage. Peoples can start a gaming session anytime irrespective of the location in their mobile devices. In recent years gaming in mobile has evolved and developed by a large margin. The evolving and development process of games in the mobile area has been identified and discussed and the major milestones associated with it have been also evaluated. Mobile games require specific mobile technologies and services which has been also discussed in this report. A critical investigation has been also done regarding the real world companies which are operational in this sector. PUBG and Clash of Clans are two very well-known examples, which has been investigated in this report. 2 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Table of Contents Introduction: ............................................................................................................................... 3 Investigation and Analysis of Specific Mobile Technologies and Services: ............................. 5 Mobile Technologies: ............................................................................................................. 5 Mobile Services: ..................................................................................................................... 9 Stakeholders in Mobile Games: ........................................................................................... 11 Business Benefits: ................................................................................................................ 12 Limitations and Problems: ................................................................................................... 13 Case Studies and Examples of Real-World Companies: ......................................................... 14 PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG): ........................................................................... 14 Design Principles: ................................................................................................................ 16 Clash of Clans: ..................................................................................................................... 18 Design Principle: .................................................................................................................. 19 Conclusion: .............................................................................................................................. 21 References: ............................................................................................................................... 23 3 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Introduction: Entertainment is avery important part of the daily life of humans. Entertainment is required in different formats and situations to refresh the minds of individuals (Payan 2017). There are different types of entertainment areas available, which are suitable for different peoples. Music is avery well-known area within the entertainment sector. Music is avery much important area of entertainment as it can provide proper mental satisfaction to individuals. Similar to music, another important area within the entertainment sector are games. Gaming is a very well-known entertainment area and there is a large community, which follows gaming as their primary method for entertainment (Possler, Kümpel and Unkel 2019). The gaming industry is evolving with time and currently it is one of the most popular entertainment areas all over the world. Not only gaming is avery popular industry, but it is also quite diverse. There are different types of platforms available for games, which includes computer systems, PlayStation, Xbox, Nintendo and mobile phones. PlayStation and computer systems have remained the primary platform of gaming, but in recent times mobile gaming has observed a large success. Computer systems, PlayStation and Xbox definitely provide amuch better experience of gaming to the users (Chopra et al. 2018), but in some instances all of these platforms are having asimilar type of cons, and itis that these platforms are not portable. It means that users are not able to play their favourite games whenever they want. In this situation, the main solution was mobile phone based gaming and Nintendo gaming. Among all of these platforms, only the mobile phones and Nintendo (Nintendo Switch) are portable, and by using this platform users are able to play agame whenever they feel, irrespective of the location. Diversity, availability and usability is much better on smartphone devices regarding gaming compared with Nintendo devices. So, this is amajor development for the mobile gaming industry, which has helped to boost its growth. 4 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Initially, smartphones were not as powerful as the present computer systems, PlayStation and Xbox, but with the development of advanced hardware and operating systems, smartphone devices are now capable of running very intense and well developed gaming sessions (Herodotou 2018). This is another major factor behind the evolution of the mobile gaming industry. Development of advanced operating systems including Android and iOS are the major turning points that have helped in the evolution and development of mobile gaming. Another major factor that has worked as a turning point in the evolution and development of smartphone based gaming is its cost. Affordability of mobile devices are much better compared with PlayStation, Xbox and computer systems (Petersen et al. 2017). Also, almost every person needs to use the smartphone as acommunication device. As the mobile phones also act as a daily driver for the humans, it is extremely necessary for individuals, and the same device can be also used for gaming purposes. It means that no extra investment is required for gaming. So, affordability and availability of mobile devices is a very important factor contributing towards the evolution and development of the mobile gaming industry (Wu and Stilwell 2018). In this way, the gaming industry has evolved and developed within the mobile area. (Figure 1: Recent Growth in Mobile Gaming Industry) (Source: Newzoo.com) 5 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Investigation and Analysis of Specific Mobile Technologies and Services: In this case, for mobile gaming different types of mobile technologies and services need to be utilised, so that appropriate gaming experience can be provided to the users. These technologies and services are extremely critical for the mobile gaming sector. In the following section, important mobile technologies and services are investigated and analysed, which are critical for mobile games. Mobile Technologies: ? Wireless Mobile Network: Wireless network for mobile devices is one of the most important technologies that is used regarding gaming. For the wireless mobile network, different types of technologies are used including 3G, 4G and 5G (Ezhilarasan and Dinakaran 2017). All of these technologies support wireless communication without any type of cables. 3G and 4G networks are very well known and used widely, where the 5G technology is relatively new, but the 5G network provides lot more improvements compared with 3G and 4G (Khan et al. 2020). In the present situation, most of the mobile games requires awireless communication with their respective servers so that the user can enjoy the game properly. Also, e-sports games are very famous in this mobile gaming industry, and for this type of games wireless networks are mandatory as people all around the world interact with each other within the game environment (Zappone, Di Renzo and Debbah 2019). Due to these reasons, an appropriate wireless mobile network is extremely important for mobile based games. With the increasing demand, the overall speed of wireless mobile networks also needs to be improved and for that the 5G technology will play an important role, as the capability of 5G network is alot better compared with the other two. The increased bandwidth in the 5G network is helping largely to satisfy the 6 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN needs of users in amore appropriate way. Due to all of these facts, wireless mobile networks are extremely important technology for mobile games. (Figure 2: Wireless Network Technology in Mobile Devices) (Source: Created by the Author) ? Touch User Interface: Touch user interface is widely used in mobile devices, which is acomputer pointing technology that works on sense of touch haptics. It is also a specific type of graphical user interface which takes the input by sensing the touch. This technology is also very much important for mobile games and in this segment it is used widely. In most traditional gaming devices controllers or keyboards are used for interacting with the game interface (Pomboza-Junez, Holgado-Terriza and Medina-Medina 2019). This is not possible with mobile devices as the main aim of the mobile platform is making the device as portable as possible. Attaching a keyboard and acontroller is always not possible for playing games. Considering this, touchscreen user interfaces are also developed for mobile games. By using the touchscreen interface like other applications in mobile, users will be able to directly 7 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN interact with the gaming interface without using any keyboard or controller. This increases the portability of mobile games. Users just need their fingers to interact with the graphical user interface of the game. So, in this way, the touch user interface is extremely important for mobile games to provide agood experience to the users. (Figure 3: Working Process of Mobile Touch Technology) (Source: Scienceline.org) ? Sensor Technology: Sensors have become an important part for all types of mobile devices. These sensors are used for taking input data from the environment and then these data is converted into electrical signal to use itin mobile devices. Many types of sensors are available which are used for gathering different important data from the environment. Sensors also play an important role for mobile games. There are many games available for mobile devices, which takes the input from the user through these sensors. Mostly, the accelerometer sensor and the gyroscope sensor is used for taking the input from the user in mobile games. For this reason, sensors are very important technology for mobile games. Accelerometer sensor takes the input from the user as mechanical motion and then it is converted into electrical signal (Javed et al. 2020). 8 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN This electrical signal is then used as an input for the game and according to this the user interface of the game responses. The accelerometer sensor is capable of measuring the acceleration force and it can also identify the reason behind the acceleration. Motion based gaming is very much popular in the gaming industry and an accelerometer is used for accepting the motion input from the users. Gyroscope sensors are also used in different types of games which work on similar principles. A gyroscope sensor is also known as angular velocity sensor, which is used for sensing the angular velocity (Jain and Kanhangad 2017). Angular velocity is changes in rotational angle per unit of time. This is also aspecific type of motion that is used as an input for many games. By using this type of sensor in games, the overall experience of the users is improved largely. So, for mobile games, sensor technology is extremely important to improve the all gaming experience of the users. (Figure 4: Working Principle of Accelerometer Sensor) (Source: elprocus.com) ? Virtual Reality: Virtual reality has also become an important technology regarding gaming in mobile devices. This technology allows users to immerse themselves within the game by providing afirst person view. VR gaming is now available for the 9 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN mobile devices at avery reasonable cost, which makes it another important mobile technology for gaming purposes. Mobile Services: ? Mobile Chat Rooms: Mobile chat room is avery important service that is required for mobile games. It has been observed that in the present situation most of the mobile games are some kind of e-sports, where players need to form ateam and then need to play against the opponents. The opposing players also develop their own teams. These types of games are very strategic, where all the players need to communicate with their team members in real time (Tsai, Liu and Han 2017). Real time communication in games is extremely important to provide strategic information or commands to other players. Mobile chat room can be considered as a specific instant messaging services, where two different individuals can directly interact with each other, without involvement of any third party. Therefore, the mobile chat room is the perfect solution for the mobile games so that players can directly interact with each other in real time without any delay. Mobile chat room not only connects two parties with each other but it also provides some other services that can be essential for that mobile game (Dodds 2019). It provides important services including rating and searching. It means that by using the mobile chat room, players can search their team members and can also rate them depending on their performance. Mainly, for sharing personal information this mobile chat room can be extremely beneficial in the mobile gaming environment. 10 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN (Figure 5: Infrastructure of Instant Messaging) (Source: oracle.com) ? Mobile Application: Mobile application is also an important service that is required for online games. In the mobile industry there are mainly two types of operating systems used for the mobiles which are Android and iOS. In this case, a mobile application of the intended games needs to be developed for both iOS and Android. Mobile application is important so that it can interact with both the game server and the operating system. In this way, aperfect gaming environment can be developed. This mobile application is extremely important for communicating and retrieving information from the server, so that real time gaming information can be supplied to the users (Tarute, Nikou and Gatautis 2017). Without an appropriate application for 11 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN the game, users can not get the suitable gaming experience. In many cases, web based gaming is used but they are not as optimised as the mobile applications. So, this mobile application service is extremely important for the mobile games so that appropriate experience can be provided to the users. (Figure 6: Mobile Technology Ecosystem) (Source: data-flair.training) Stakeholders in Mobile Games: The sector of mobile games was not very big 10 years ago as it is today. In recent times the mobile gaming sector has expanded rapidly. Due to this kind of expansion, the overall stakeholders in this sector is also increased. Digital innovation also played an important role to increase the stakeholders in this industry. There are different types of stakeholders, which are currently associated with the mobile gaming industry. In this sector, the end user of the mobile game is the biggest stakeholder (Pappas et al. 2019). The end user will be playing the game and will experience it. Due to this reason, the end users are the biggest stakeholder of this sector as they will be directly impacted by the game. Next, the 12 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN application development team is another important stakeholder. The application development team is directly responsible for developing the game and designing the game. This team decides how the game will function. Also, the organisation, which is responsible for the game development and marketing is also an important stakeholder (Rutz, Aravindakshan and Rubel 2019). Apart from that researchers, government, media and distributors are also important stakeholders in mobile games. These stakeholders have some sort of power to regulate the game content. For this reason they are also an important stakeholder. Business Benefits: The mobile game industry is now very much popular all over the world due to its portability. Gaming ecosystems have always been popular throughout the world as it is very much entertaining in nature. As identified earlier, most of the gaming consoles are not portable in nature, which is the biggest setback of these consoles. The portability issue has been fixed with the mobile games and itis one of the biggest reasons behind the popularity of mobile games. Due to a large popularity and following fan base there is a huge business benefit associated with the mobile games. Organisations and developers can use the Google AdSense technology to generate revenue from the mobile games (Soegoto and Semesta 2018). This is the easiest way to generate revenue from the games. This is highly used for the free games. Also, there are many mobile games available, for which users need to pay acertain amount of money. This is another way of generating revenue. Many games also follow the approach of in app purchases. It means that users can purchase different game items within the game itself. This is another popular way of generating revenue and most of the games use this approach for generating revenue. In this way, the gaming organisations can use the mobile environment or the ecosystem to generate benefit for their organisation in terms of revenue. 13 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Limitations and Problems: Mobile games are very much popular all over the world as the mobile devices are very much affordable compared with professional gaming equipment. This affordability also creates some limitations regarding the gaming experience. The hardware and interface used in the mobile devices is not as powerful as the professional gaming consoles and computer devices. gaming consoles and computer devices are very much powerful in terms of hardware capability, and the overall gaming experience in these gaming consoles are very much better compared with mobile games (Chen et al. 2017). The mobile games are improving day by day, but still they are nowhere near to the console and computer games in terms of experience. This is one of the biggest limitations with mobile games. With better hardware and technology this limitation may overcome in future, but as of now this is a very important limitation due to which many users do not prefer mobile games. There is also a problem with mobile games. Mobile devices are generally used for communication purposes and they run on a limited battery capacity. This battery capacity creates abig problem for mobile gaming. Most of the advanced mobile games require ahigh amount of power and for that battery of the devices drains very fast. This issue can also create problems for other functionality of the mobile device. Also, an extended period of gaming session is not possible in the mobile devices due to its limited battery capacity (Paavilainen et al. 2017). In computer systems and consoles this problem is not present as it directly consumes the power without any intermediate battery system, which is exactly appropriate for extended gaming sessions. So, utilisation of alimited battery is abig problem regarding mobile games. 14 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Case Studies and Examples of Real-World Companies: PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds (PUBG): (Figure 7: PUBG Game) (Source: PUBG Corporation) PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds or PUBG is one of the most popular battle royale games in the world. This is an online multiplayer game which is developed and published by PUBG Corporation. This is a battle royale game where players need to fight against each other on an island. For asingle game session there will be atotal hundred players who will jump to an island at the starting of the game, and then they will fight against each other for survival. The last player who survives in the island is the winner of the game (Mamun and Griffiths 2019). Players can fight between each other using different types of guns and bombs. Both single player mode and team mode are available for this game. In single player mode all 15 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN individual players will fight against each other, but in the case of ateam there will be four players in asingle team and they need to fight against similar types of other teams in the island. The last surviving team will be the winner of this game. On the mobile platform PUBG is avery successful game. There is ahuge amount of fan base in the market for this game, which describes its popularity. There are many players who have developed their career around this game. Different types of important mobile technologies and services have been used for this game. Mobile network and group chatting are the most important technology and services that are used for the PUBG game. Initially, this game was not available on the mobile platform. In the initial stages it was only available for the Microsoft Windows and Xbox. At that time it was not very much popular as it is now. PUBG started to gain its popularity after it was released for the mobile platform. At the time of release for the mobile platform, it was one of the most advanced battle royale games available in the market for the mobile devices. Due to this fact, people liked this game very much, and the popularity of this game started to increase. After becoming popular in the mobile segment, this game also becomes very much popular in the other platforms. Currently, for personal computers and gaming consoles the PUBG Corporation has sold over 70 million copies of this game, and on mobile platforms this game has been downloaded around 734 million times (Al-Qahtani, Alenzi and Ali 2020). This is a big achievement for this game, and for that the mobile platform of this game has contributed the largest. There are many other battle royale games available in the market but they are not as popular as PUBG. PUBG succeeded to achieve this much popularity due to the early adoption of mobile platforms and advanced game mechanics. These are the two main reasons due to which PUBG has succeeded to survive the area of mobile games. 16 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Design Principles: The design principles used for the PUBG game is one of the advanced and sophisticated design. Most advanced design principles have been followed for this game. The interface of this game is quite attractive for the gamers. This interface will definitely provide great and unique experience to the users. To demonstrate the design principle of this game, prototypes from the game is provided below. (Figure 8: Login Screen for PUBG) (Source: Created by the Author) From the login screen it is very much clear that the interface has been designed very well and the colour scheme used for the screen is very much attractive. 17 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN (Figure 9: Game Interface of PUBG) (Source: Created by the Author) The game interface of this have been also designed very well. The use of touch screen interface technology can be seen very well in this prototype. All the buttons used for the interaction is placed very well, which makes itvery well-designed interface. 18 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN Clash of Clans: (Figure 10: Clash of Clan Game) (Source: Supercell) Clash of Clans is also a very popular mobile game. This game is developed and published by Supercell and it is available for both iOS and Android platforms. This is a strategy game where players need to fight against each other but in adifferent way. Each of the players can develop their own typical village base and can attack the bases of others using some kind of army or troops (Euteneuer 2018). Players are the chief of their village, which is a fantasy themed persistent world. Players can build and develop their village using the resource gained by attacking other players. This game also uses the common mobile technology and services, which includes the network technology and group chatting services. Network technology is required so that players can connect with the main server of the games. From the server, important data about the players and their villages is fetched. Players can also create their clans or can join the other clans. There can be many players in asingle clan and the players can chat among each other. For this chatting, group chatting services are used. 19 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN In this game, the players can improve the capability and the defence mechanism of the village with time by using resources. Also, the players need to upgrade their Town Hall to unlock more capabilities. This game has remained one of the most popular games in the history of mobile games. During 2015 this game was the top grossing mobile application in both Google Play and App Store and it was very much beneficial for its parent company supercell. During that time, this game was generating a revenue of 1.5 million dollars every single day (Djawa 2018). By 2018, this game has crossed over 500 million downloads on mobile devices. This clearly shows the dominance of this game in the mobile game industry, but with time the popularity of this game is decreased. The main issue was that the game failed to provide new innovative features to compete with the other games. Currently, battle royale games have become the most popular within mobile games and itis another reason behind the decrease of popularity of Clash of Clans. Still, this game is one of the most played games on mobile platforms. Design Principle: For the Clash of Clan game also, agood design principle has been followed. Similar with PUBG, this game has also followed agood colour scheme in the design process. All the users have provided agood feedback about this user interface design. In the following section, prototypes of this game are discussed and evaluated. 20 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN (Figure 11: Login User Interface of Clash of Clan Game) (Source: Created by the Author) The login interface is very much unique for this game as itprovides several of options to the users. The buttons used for this game is very much clear, which is an important advantage of this user interface. (Figure 12: Game User Interface of Clash of Clan Game) 21 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN (Source: Created by the Author) The user interface used for this game is very much clear and attractive in nature. All the elements of this interface are clearly visible, which is an important advantage of this interface. (Figure 13: War User Interface of Clash of Clan Game) (Source: Created by the Author) The above interface represents the war conditions of the game. As the user can attack bases of others, this is the interface which is used for providing the war experience to the users. This interface is designed so nicely, that it depicts the condition of war between clans. All the icons are presented in avery well manner that user can easily interact with them using the touch interface. So, from an overall aspect, Clash of Clan game has followed avery good user interface. Conclusion: From the above discussion, it can be concluded that mobile business technology does have avery important influence over the entertainment industry. Mobile business technology 22 MOBILE BUSINESS TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN can play an important role to improve the overall services and the capability of the entertainment industry. In this report, particular focus has been provided on the games under the entertainment sector. Games are one of the most popular segments within the entertainment industry. Currently, the gaming industry is very much diverse and there are different types of platforms that are used for playing games. Computer systems and consoles are the most popular options for gaming. Mobile devices are also becoming a favourable option for gaming as these devices provide the option of portability, which is missing in both computer systems and consoles. The mobile gaming industry was not very much developed previously, but with advanced hardware and new technologies mobile games are also gaining popularity. In this paper, how the gaming sector has evolved and developed within the mobile area has been identified and discussed. Important milestones and turning points regarding the evolution and development has been also discussed in this section. Following that critical investigation and analysis has been done for some specific mobile technologies and services that is currently used in mobile games. Important stakeholders associated with this mobile gaming ecosystem have been also identified and the business benefits that has been achieved through the mobile games has been also discussed. Critical investigation for the specific case studies of real world companies has been also done within this report. PUBG and Clash of Clans are two very popular mobile games which has been discussed within this paper. 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