T-tests Exercise 2: Hypothesis Statements and Analysis

Hypotheses for Study 1

Participants were asked to detect changes in both pictures of animate (e.g., people, animals)and inanimate (e.g., houses, plants) items. The researchers theorized that people will be faster(i.e., shorter reaction times) at identifying changes for animate objects vs. inanimate objects.

PART I. WRITE OUT THE HYPOTHESIS STATEMENTS AND TEST TYPE (1 Point)

Write out the hypotheses for this study (both the null and alternative hypothesis) usingsymbolic notation. Also indicate the type of t-test needed to analyze this dataset and explainwhy.

PART 2. RUN THE T-TEST IN JASP (2 Points)

1. Open JASP and click on the three lines icon in the top left corner. Select “open” andthen “computer” and then “browse”

2. 2. After clicking “browse” navigate to where the “Exercise2_S1” CSV file is saved onyour computer and select it and then click “open” – you should see the spreadsheetwith the data.

3. On the top menu bar, click on the icon that says “t-tests” and select the type of t-testyou think you will need (Independent samples, Paired, One-sample)

4. Copy and paste the t-test table from the analysis into a word document (make sure toalso include the effect size).

5. In one paragraph – write up the results as if they were in the “Results” section of a peerreviewed article, reporting the findings and citing the statistics using appropriatenotation and APA style conventions.

STUDY 2

Participants were divided into two conditions and asked to brainstorm ideas for a project eitherindividually or in a group (this variable is called the “grouping variable”). The researchertheorized that the participants that brained stormed ideas as a group might generate more orfewer ideas than the people who worked alone.

PART I. WRITE OUT THE HYPOTHESIS STATEMENTS AND TEST TYPE (1 point)

Write out the hypotheses for this study (both the null and alternative hypothesis) usingsymbolic notation. Also indicate the type of t-test needed to analyze this dataset and explainwhy.Exercise 2: T-tests (Graded out of 10)

PART 2. RUN THE T-TEST IN JASP (2 Points)

1. Open JASP and click on the three lines icon in the top left corner. Select “open” andthen “computer” and then “browse”

2. 2. After clicking “browse” navigate to where the “Exercise2_S2” CSV file is saved onyour computer and select it and then click “open” – you should see the spreadsheetwith the data.

3. On the top menu bar, click on the icon that says “t-tests” and select the type of t-testyou think you will need (Independent samples, Paired, One-sample)

4. Copy and paste the t-test table from the analysis into a word document (make sure toalso include the effect size).

5. In one paragraph – write up the results as if they were in the “Results” section of a peerreviewed article, reporting the findings and citing the statistics using appropriatenotation and APA style conventions.

STUDY 3

In this study, the memory spans (i.e., the number of items held in working memory) of giftedstudents were tested. The researcher theorized that gifted students should be able to holdmore than the population average of 7 items in working memory (7 is called the “test value”).

PART I. WRITE OUT THE HYPOTHESIS STATEMENTS AND TEST TYPE (1 point)

Write out the hypotheses for this study (both the null and alternative hypothesis) usingsymbolic notation. Also indicate the type of t-test needed to analyze this dataset and explainwhy.