The Significance of Literature Review in Research

The literature review will examine:
• Only facts.
• Only opinions.
• Only one side of the main argument.
• All aspects of a topic.

Citation means that a particular paper has been:
• Quoted in another paper by another author.
• Discussed orally by another author.
• Reproduced elsewhere.
• Sold to another publisher.

When you discover that an author (1) has cited another author (2) it is good practice to:
• Use the work and attribute it to author 1.
• Locate and read the original, then attribute it to author 2.
• Not to use the work.
• Use the work and attribute it to author 2.

Which is the most important reason for a researcher to review the literature?
• Because it identifies like-minded researchers.
• Because it is traditional.
• Because it shows time has been spent on the subject.
• Because it will find if anyone has done the work before.

Which one of these is not normally used by researchers to store references?
• Handwritten index cards.
• Word processing software.
• Literature maps.
• Panels.

When you cite Internet resources, you do not need to include:
• The date of birth of the author.
• The date created.
• The date of access.
• The date last updated.

Petrie, K. (2010). Creating confident, motivated teachers of physical education in primary schools.  European physical education review, 16(1), 47-64.  What is “European physical education review?”
• The article title.
• A Journal name.
• A Book title.
• The Chapter title.

Which of these three sentences needs citations?
• Climate change is an issue of increasing concern to both the developing and industrialised world.
• The results of two recent studies suggest that the brain may have greater capacity to  repair itself than previously thought.
• It is likely, therefore, that Shakespeare intended the character of Bottom to provide more than comic relief.

A hypothesis can be tested by the use of:
• Descriptive statistics
• Data analysis
• Inferential statistics
• Data preparation

Empirical research does not:
• Allow theory to emerge out of the data
• Involve testing an explicitly defined hypothesis
• Use observation of phenomena
• Use logic to prove a theory

Which of the following is not a data-collection method?
• Research questions
• Unstructured interviewing
• Postal survey questionnaires
• Participant observation

The core ingredients of a research paper are:
• Introduction; Data collection; Data analysis; Conclusions and recommendations; References
• Executive summary; Literature review; Data gathered; Conclusions; Bibliography.
• Research plan; Research data; Analysis; References.

Cyber bullying at work is a growing threat to employee job satisfaction. Researchers want to find out why people do this and how they feel about it. The primary purpose of the study is:
• Description
• Prediction
• Exploration
• Explanation

Benefits of Conducting a Literature Review

A researcher designs an experiment to test how variables interact to influence job-seeking behaviours. The main purpose of the study was:
• Description
• Prediction
• Exploration
• Explanation

What does it mean when research quotes that their findings are "statistically significant" and the statistical level set was at 0.05? • That a difference found is likely to occur by chance 5 or fewer times out of a 100 and suggests that the difference is quite unusual and unlikely to be due to chance but rather a real difference between the groups or conditions.

• That 95% of the time the study will be wrong.
• That a difference found is likely to occur by chance 5 or fewer times out of a 100 which suggests that the difference is due to chance and so does not represent a real difference between the groups or conditions.

• The extent to which the difference found is simply by chance.

When would you ideally finish the writing of an abstract?
• After the main body of the report has been drafted.
• After the introduction and method sections are completed.
• Once you are aware of the results.
• Before the introduction and after the title.

• What is an ethical dilemma?
• An ethical dilemma is agreement of the different principles of moral conduct.
• An ethical dilemma is agreement of the different principles of immoral conduct.
• An ethical dilemma is conflict between different principles of moral conduct.
• An ethical dilemma is conflict between the different principles of immoral conduct.
What is the purpose of informed consent?

• In order that the participant can make an informed choice about their participation and not undertake to do something which they may otherwise have declined to do.
• To ensure that participants are not lied to about the time commitment involved in their participation.
• To make sure that participants know exactly what to expect from the research and to communicate their right to withdraw at any stage.
• All of these.

Which of the following is not a source of data which is appropriate for qualitative study?
• Experiments.
• Historical records.
• Biographies.
• Participant observations.

The independent variable refers to:
• the variable which is only used in the control condition.
• the variable which shows us the effect of the manipulation.
• a variable which serves as the aim of an experiment.
• the variable being manipulated or varied in some way by the researcher. Other

• What is the purpose of an abstract for an academic paper?

• In the abstract – what is meant by ‘Brand authority of the hosting company had a  positive effect’

• What is the purpose of including references to literature in a research paper?

• Write a research question that you think aligns with this paper and describe how you could answer it using survey methods  

• What ethical issues exist in relation to:
Collection of the data?
The interpretation of data?
Storage of the data?
For a Research Topic…
• State a hypothesis.
• List four search terms you would use to gather data.

• Describe in detail how you would go about answering the research question. Include details of : research design research method sampling and selection of data items / participants

• Describe any survey tools used or any experimental interfaces to be used, include how you would go about the work on the day

• Detail any instructions that would be given and how you would order things,

• Explain what the data would look like once you had collected it

• Show, with a sketch, how you would use graphs and statistical tests and descriptive statistics to show the data.