Answers to Questions on Detergents and Ethanol

Properties of Detergents

Answer the following questions according to the contents of the lectures so far. Of the answers to each major question, must answer 200 characters or more in total for A. (2) and (4), and B. (2) must answer 100 characters or more apart from his A. The answer should be submitted in sentences, not in a bulleted list. Also, submit only the answer without including the question text. If necessary, use the following values for electronegativity. H: 2.2, C: 2.6, Cl: 3.2, O: 3.4 A. Read the following text about detergents and answer the questions below. However, (1) and (3) are selection problems, and (2) and (4) are descriptive problems.

Some detergents are labeled "Danger of mixing". This is because chlorine gas is generated when mixed. The typical chemical reaction formula of the reaction is HCl + HClO → Cl2 + H2O… (*) Indicated by. This reaction does not require heating and is easy to occur. Chlorine gas is highly reactive and can cause inflammation of the eyes, skin and respiratory tract.

(1) The activation energy of the reaction of (*) is [large / small]

(2) Please state the reason for the judgment as in (1).

(3) The reason why the chlorine gas generated by the reaction in (*) has high reactivity is that it has a large energy gain.Suppose you have described it. This sentence says that chlorine gas is highly reactive if it means that chlorine gains / loses energy. The reason for having it is correct.

(4) Describe the reason why the chlorine gas generated by the reaction in (*) has high reactivity using "electronegativity".

(1) is a selection problem and (2) is a description problem. Ethanol is an organic compound (a compound containing carbon) that dissolves in water. It is said that ethanol dissolved in water and having an ethanol concentration of about 70% is effective for sterilization. Alcoholic beverages having a sufficient concentration to bring about a bactericidal action are limited to those with a high concentration such as vodka, and general liquors cannot be expected to have a bactericidal action. The reason
why alcoholic beverages with different concentrations exist is that ethanol can be dissolved in a large amount in water.

(1) When ethanol is soluble in water, it is considered that [shared / ion / metal / hydrogen] bonds are formed between ethanol and water.

(2) How does the bond selected in (1) occur between ethanol and water? Explain.