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Needs Assessment in Public Health: Options and Instructions

Option 1: Choose a Setting

This assignment is on Needs Assessment in public health, and you have 2 options (choose  one) for submission (it is an individual assignment in report structure). 

Option 1: Choose a setting such as a community, health service (e.g. hospital, primary  health care service) or neighbourhood you know well in Australia ( Examples (not limited  to) are: 

(1)  a particular community (for example, indigenous population, women etc) 

(2)  a health service (such as hospital, primary health care service, GP practices etc)  (3)  a neighbourhood that you know well (where you currently live in)

How to proceed with Option 1: 

STEP 1: A discussion of how you would assess different types of needs (normative,  expressed, comparative, felt, etc.) and how you would prioritise the findings, justifying your  choices.   For this purpose, you would either know of/be in the situation in reality first. Then, you  would have to undertake rigorous literature review to understand different types of needs  assessment and consider alternative views to justify the choices for this context.  

STEP 2: Any potential challenges for your needs assessment and how you would address  them. This could be relating to policy, contextual issues or others.  

STEP 3: A SWOT analysis, where you identify the Strengths, Weaknesses Opportunities and  Threats of your organisation or program.  

STEP 4: A determination of program priorities, based upon your needs assessment   In your needs assessment, you may determine multiple programs priorities – justify why you  would choose the priorities you have identified. Are there any population groups that would  benefit best from your program? Mention these, justify.  

Option 2 

Select one of the nine national health priorities (These national health priorities have been devised via a prior needs  assessment at a policy level. If you use one of them for your assignment, you need to take  one of these areas and imagine how you would prioritize it at a service level) 

Imagine you have been asked to conduct a needs assessment for this setting or health  priority. Describe how they would go about a needs assessment:  

How to proceed with Option 2:

These national health priorities have been devised via a prior needs assessment at a policylevel. If you use one of them for your assignment, you need to take one of these areas and  imagine how you would prioritise it at a service level  

For example: Assuming that you have chosen ‘Cancer Control’. First, it is best that you break it down into the types of cancers that seem to be prevalent,  looking at the incidence of these across Australia (statistics as of 2017),(do remember that  you do not go into details of the health problem as such, as this is not the task. It is simply  statistics to support this task) and review what services are already being provided across  Australia in all the States and Territories as well as Federal initiatives. Your literature review  needs to be highly comprehensive and up?to?date till end of 2017.Then, based on this decide  on how a needs analysis can be undertaken nationally. Do remember to justify different  approaches (literature review), before arriving at your final version.  

Specifically, In this example:  

Step 1: What is the best needs analysis approach for ‘cancer control service?’ Can this be  national or state level – and why (justify via literature).  

Step 2: What are the challenges that you will face in undertaking the needs analysis? Look at  policy, inter?disciplinary and generic levels.  

Step 3: SWOT – From literature that exists until 2017. This can include what is being done  (for example, screening), weakness (do not cover all population), threats (many people  resist undertaking scanning), opportunity (making screening mandatory).

Step 4: Program priorities–identify priorities for a potential program based on the above  that can be provided at grass root level via state/local councils.   (Keep in mind that designing a program as such is not the primary objective ? you are only  outlining it at this stage)

Assessment Criteria (Please see Learning Rubric On Following Pages)  

• Demonstrates knowledge and understanding of different types of need, the process of  conducting a needs analysis and SWOT analysis and the steps required (25%)   

• Demonstrates understanding of different approaches and methods for needs analysis and  ability to choose the most appropriate for their selected area (25%)   

• Demonstrates ability to synthesise information for a review of relevant literature and to  form a coherent rationale for the needs prioritised (20%)   

• Critically analyses the methods and population group chosen and potential challenges to  the needs assessment. (20%)  

• General assessment criteria (10%):  

Provides a lucid introduction  

Shows a sophisticated understanding of the key issues  

Shows ability to interpret relevant information and literature in relation to chosen  topic  

Demonstrates a capacity to explain and apply relevant concepts 

Shows evidence of reading beyond the required readings  

Provides a conclusion or summary  

Correctly uses academic writing, presentation and grammar:  

1. Complies with academic standards of legibility, referencing and bibliographical  details (including reference list)  

2. Writes clearly, with accurate spelling and grammar as well as proper sentence  and paragraph construction  

3. Uses appropriate APA style for citing and referencing research 

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