Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria Gonorrhoeae and bacterial infection caused by Shigella dysenteria

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae and antibiotic resistance

You will respond to another classmate with a substantive comment to move the science discussion forward in minimum 100, maximum 150 words in an area you are interested in after reading the main discussion.

 

Again, you should provide student original writing, paraphrasing from credible sources, cite your source for this post in text in parentheses, and provide full end ref information in APA 7th Edition format.

 

First response: Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Neisseria gonorrhoeae is a bacteria that causes gonorrhea; a sexually transmitted disease in which the reproductive tracts are infected. This disease can be acquired by contact with another person who is infected. This disease can be cured with the process of taking various antibiotics. Although it can be cured if the body has been damaged it won’t be able to recover the damages.

 

In this study, Neisseria Gonorrhoeae was isolated and used to be tested against Benzylpenicillin and Ceftriaxone. Upon doing their experimental testing it was found that benzylpenicillin had high resistance to Neisseria Gonorrhoeae.

 

Most of its resistance came from determinant Asp345 with an isolation of about 72%. It began to have many mutations, some of those mutations combined and substitutions of other determinants occurred. These mutations in chromosomes led to an increase in intermediate resistance.

 

Ceftriaxone was not as resistant to Nesseria Gonorrhoeae in comparison to Benzylpenicillin during their trials. It is proven that only three isolates were indeed resistant to ceftriaxone. One of the determinants was penA, this particular strain was not seen to have any mutations associated with the resistance of gonorrhea.

 

The determinant that is mostly associated with having mutations of resistance is cephalosporins. This determinant isolates by carrying substitutions and mutations. This causes an increase and a decrease in antimicrobials leading to resistance. This information is beneficial due to the fact that it can help fight disease; it also can be used to create more medicine. This is important because this determinant had a higher probability of fighting off Neisseria Gonorrhoeae.

 

More research done on this topic is important because the disease can mutate and begin to fight off antibiotics. Second response: Shigella dysenteriae. Shigella dysenteriae is a gram-negative bacterium from the Shigella species, that causes a bacterial infection caused shigellosis. In 1898, Kiyoshi Shiga discovered the bacteria.

 

Shigella is spread by swallowing it, hands to mouth, for example, changing the diaper on an infected child, not washing your hands, and touching your mouth. It only takes a minimal amount of shigella dysenteriae to infect the host, eating food prepared by an infected host, and or exposure to stool from an infected host.

 

When infected with Shigella dysenteriae the symptoms include Fever, possible bloody diarrhea, stomach pains, and the feeling to have a bowel movement without needing to go. These symptoms normally begin one to two days after infection, and last up to seven days.

 

Shigella dysenteriae typically target travelers, gay and bisexual people with contact to an infected host, people with a weak immune system, and young children due to large outbreaks in schools, daycares, and parks. Symptoms normally subside on their own with rest and increased fluid intake, and do not require antibiotics.

 

In some cases, the bacterial infection can become severe in people with an compromised immune system, elderly or sick children. As usual the best way to prevent Shigella dysenteriae would be start with washing your hands with soap and water periodically. Avoid lake, pond, and untreated water intake.

 

If experiencing diarrhea avoid sexual contact with another person for at least five to seven days after symptom stops. Studies show that there are nearly one hundred eighty-eight cases annually, and nearly with close to one million deaths per year.

 

When testing for Shigella dysenteriae by drawing labs, stool examination, a liver/renal test and much more. Although there are many tests to determine the infection, it could be mistaken for many other diseases or infections, Salmonella, E-Coli, Typhoid fever and many more.