Health Promotion and Screenings: Understanding Social Determinants of Health

Impact of Social Determinants of Health on a Family's Health Status

The social determinants of health (SDH) refer to the factors which are classified as nonmedical and those that affect the outcomes of health. They are the situations in which individuals are given birth, grow through different stages of life, work, life, and age, as well as the larger set of influences and structures that shape the condition of daily life (WHO, 2022).  The SDHs affecting the health status of this family was the elevated expense of healthcare facilities, whereas the second had been the family's high level of dependency. Due to the elevated expenses of medical care, the family's potential to obtain the facilities they needed was scarce, making it difficult for them to recognize specific issues of health that had negative consequences for them. The family's second issue was that there was an increased percentage of reliance since the grandparents were dependent on other members of the family to offer them the necessary care. Since many healthcare assets are diverted to caring for older people, this type of dependency has a negative impact on the family's social and economic advancement.

Screening of health is essential for individuals of all age groups, but the assessments may differ depending on their age. If the kids are young, between the ages of three and eleven years, the screening tests should encompass height, weight, BMI, screening of obesity, nutrition and eating habits assessment, dental health, and milestones of growth and development screening involves yearly BMI, eyesight, disorders of the musculoskeletal system, puberty, and teenagers’ physical growth if they are among the ages of 12 and 17 years. Family members whose age group lies between 18 and 39 must have their levels of cholesterol checked every year and once they reach the age of 35; it will be monitored every five years if the conditions are normal, yearly if they have potential risks, check-up of full-body skin to investigate for suspected moles or lesions on the skin, women must have an exam for breast and pelvic, pap smear must be done every three years commencing at the age of 21, and Mr. J should have his testicular exam to govern out the possibility of developing any chronic diseases at any stages of life. The screenings for people aged 18 to 39 must be repeated every year or as suggested by the doctor. Women must start getting mammography once they reach 40 and have them done once a year; Prostate screenings for men begin at the age group of 50, a full body inspection for potentially malicious moles or skin diseases, as well as fasting levels of sugar in the blood for indications of diabetes, should be performed once a year.  there are few tests that the family should begin for the grandparents as they must be around 65 or above: Men and women must have an evaluation of bone density every 2 to 5. Inquire with the doctor about the requirement for pneumococcal and shingles immunizations, as well as the pneumonia vaccine, which should be given every five years for specific circumstances and lifestyle factors such as height and weight (Beaumont Health., 2022).

Guidelines for Health Screenings Across Different Age Groups

Creating models of health promotion that encourage changes regarding a healthy lifestyle necessitates meticulous scheduling. When working with people, groups, and societies, program organizers can use concepts and theories to direct this procedure. Lack of physical activity, poor dietary habits, smoking, and strain are all dangerous lifestyle behaviours that individuals and groups engage in. Lack of income, inaccessibility to safe locations to work out, lack of access to nutritious eating, and racial and cultural disparities are all variables that can impact an individual's or community's capacity to successfully change behaviours (Simpson, 2019). The Health Belief Model is a conceptual approach for motivating people to be healthier and preventing disease initiatives. It is used to describe and anticipate changes in people's health behaviour patterns over time. It is among the most popular concepts for analysing health-related behaviours. Personal perceptions about health situations, which anticipate individual behaviours related to health are central to the Health Belief Model (Green, Murphy & Gryboski, 2020). This model can be applied to a variety of situations. It can be used in the care plan to describe the population who are at threat, as well as the levels of risk. It can be used to explain the individualized risk focused on a person's characteristics or behaviour in the family. It helps in increasing the risk perception. It Describes the risks and conditions’ implications. It can be used to define the course of action to be taken: as well as the anticipated positive outcomes. Affirmation, incentive schemes, and guidance can be used to identify and remove obstacles. It helps in providing the guidance and training to provide health promotion activities (Sulat, et al., 2018).

References

Beaumont Health. (2022). Recommended Health Screenings for all Life’s Stages. https://www.beaumont.org/health-wellness/blogs/recommended-health-screenings-for-all-lifes-stages

Green, E. C., Murphy, E. M., & Gryboski, K. (2020). The health belief model. The Wiley Encyclopedia of Health Psychology, 211-214.

Simpson, V. (2019). Policy and practice recommendations for nurse practitioner–led medicare annual wellness visits. Public Policy & Aging Report, 29(1), 13-19.

Sulat, J. S., Prabandari, Y. S., Sanusi, R., Hapsari, E. D., & Santoso, B. (2018). The validity of health belief model variables in predicting behavioral change: a scoping review. Health Education.

WHO. (2022). Social determinants of health. https://www.who.int/health-topics/social-determinants-of-health#tab=tab_1