Strobe and Handshake Method in Computer Architecture

Question:

1. A four  way set associative cache consists of a total of 2K blocks. The main memory contains 32K blocks, each consisting of 128 words.

a. How many bits are there in the main memory address?

b. How many bits are there in TAG, SET (row) and word (column) fields? 

2. A CPU with a 50 MHz clock is connected to a memory unit whose access time is 25 ns.

a. Draw a read timing diagram using a write strobe and handshake method Include the address and data in the timing diagram.

b. Compare two methods and explain the advantages and disadvantages. 

3. A text encoded in ASCII ,is located from the 500 to 600  address of the memory.  This text is wanted to be encrypted with the distance information to be received from the user. The encrypted text according to the Caesar encryption method will be placed from 600 address. write this program using the Mano assambly language.

The assembler program converts the given text into a secret text using the Caesar encryption. With Caesar encryption, each letter in the text to be encrypted is shifted by a predetermined distance in the alphabet. Is e.g. the distance 3, so the letter A becomes letter D, the letter B becomes letter E, ..., the letter Z becomes letter C.The assembler program waits as the user input the distance by which the letters are to be shifted and then encrypts a given text.

The instruction set  is given in table 5-6 that are required to execute this program.

4. The average memory access time for a system with two levels of caches is 42 ns. The  hit ratios are 90%, and 85% . The access times are 20ns, 100ns  respectively in the two caches. Finf the main memory access time.

5. A virtual memory has a page size of 32 words. There are 16 pages and 8 blocks. The associative memory page table contains the following entries

6. Based on the register and memory contents specified, what is the value of the operand for each of the  following? Show the effective address calculation clearly. An Instruction placed in two word. The first word contains the opcode and address mode. The second word contains  address  part of the instruction.

 7. For the following memory,

Write memory contents of the addresses: 000, 001, 071,525 and 526 at the beginning.

a. When an instruction at address 071 is being executed, FGI becomes a 1. What hexadecimal codes must be placed at the last and the first  addresses of the sub program and at the first address of the memory.(Write memory contents of the addresses: 000, 440, 470 )

b. Write memory content of the address: 000  after the instruction at address 314 is executed.