Artificial Intelligence (AI) is basically the simulation of human intelligence procedures by machines, especially computer systems. Specific applications of Artificial Intelligence include the natural language processing or NLP, expert systems, speech identification and machine vision. The Artificial Intelligence programming focuses on 3 cognitive skills namely learning, reasoning as well as self- correction. The learning procedural aspect of AI programming emphasizes on attaining data and formulating rules for how to turn the data into an actionable information. The rules, that are called algorithms, give computing devices with the step- by –step instructions for how to be able to complete a particular task. The aspect of AI for reasoning processes emphasizes on the selection of the algorithm to be able to reach a desired result.
AI or Artificial Intelligence in healthcare is basically an overarching term that is utilized to describe the utilization of machine- learning algorithms and software or AI for mimicking human cognition in the analysis, presentation as well as understanding of the complex medical and the health care data. Especially, AI is the capability of computer algorithms to approximate conclusions on the basis of solely on the input data. Whatever that distinguishes Artificial Intelligence from the conventional technologies in health care is the capability of gathering data, process it and provide a well- defined output to the end- user. Artificial Intelligence does it through the machine learning algorithms as well as deep learning. All of these algorithms can identify the patterns in behavior and formulate their own logic.
The instances of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the popular culture does not comprise of a pack of intelligent robots that are hell- bent on overthrowing the human race or at least a fancy theme park. Some of the examples of AI (Artificial Intelligence) are manufacturing robots, the self- driving cars, automated financial investing, smart assistants, proactive healthcare management, disease mapping, virtual travel booking agent, inter- team chat tool, NLP or Natural Language Processing tools, Conversational marketing bot and social media monitoring.
Today’s robots that are AI –powered, or at least those machines deem as such, have no natural general intelligence, yet they have the capability of resolving issues and thinking in a very limited capacity. There is the Alexa by Amazon and Siri by Apple, which are a modern approach to AI. The Hanson- created Sophia is also an incredibly advanced social- learning robot; through AI, Sophia can effectively communicate with natural language and even utilize facial expression to convey the human- like emotions.
It is well- known that AI is one of the emerging technologies that tries to stimulate the human reasoning in AI systems. It was John McCarthy who invented the term Artificial Intelligence in the year 1950. John McCarthy even stated that: “Every aspect of learning or any other feature of intelligence can in principle be so precisely described that a machine can be made to simulate it. An attempt will be made to find how to make machines use language, form abstractions, and concepts, solve kinds of problems now reserved for humans, and improve themselves.” The benefits of Artificial Intelligence fall in the aspect that it reduces human error; computers do not make human error if they are programmed properly. AI helps in taking more risks instead of the humans; it is one of the biggest benefit of AI. Artificial Intelligence is available for 24* 7 as compared to the humans who can work for 4 to 6 hours per day. AI’s benefit lies in helping with the monotonous or repetitive jobs with accurate results. AI helps in making faster decisions with digital assistance in the daily applications, even sometimes with new inventions.
Artificial Intelligence |
Machine Learning |
AI is a technology that enables a machine to stimulate human behavior |
Machine Learning is a subdivision of AI which permits a machine to automatically learn from the past data without even programming explicitly. |
The goal of AI is basically to make a smart computer system like the humans to be able to solve the complicated issues. |
The goal of ML is to permit the machines to learn from the data so that they can provide an accurate result. |
In the AI, intelligent systems are made to perform any task like a human. |
In the ML, machines are taught with data to perform a particular task and provide an accurate outcome. |
ML and Deep Learning are the two fundamental subdivision of AI. |
Deep Learning is the fundamental subdivision of ML. |
AI has a very broad range of scope. |
ML has a constricted scope. |
AI has been working to formulate an intelligent system that can perform diverse complicated tasks. |
ML is working for formulating machines that can perform only such specific tasks for which they have been trained. |
AI system is concerned about the act of maximizing the chances of a success. |
ML is fundamentally concerned about only patterns and accuracy. |
There are mainly four types of AI as follows:
Reactive Machines: It is the most basic kind of AI systems are purely reactive and have the capability of neither to form memories nor to utilize the past experience for informing the current decisions.
Limited Memory: It comprises of machines that can look into the past; for instance, self- driving cars so this kind of action.
Theory of Mind: Machines in the future that would completely understand the theory of human mind and would have emotions and thoughts just like the people.
Self –Awareness: This type of AI can form representations about themselves and be able to build machines that would have a sense of conscience.
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