Should the U.S Government Regulate Individual's Pollution Output?

Organization Criteria

My term question is Should the U.S government regulate individual’s pollution output due to high air pollution levels?' My position on topic is that the government should not regulate individual’s pollution output, but instead regulate corporate and government output.

 

Purpose The purpose of this presentation is to persuade your audience that your position on your term topic question (for or against) is correct. Your attire should be “business casual.” Your speech will be graded using a standardized evaluation rubric (see below). Outline Criteria Your outline will be structured around an introduction, body, and conclusion. Your outline must include your main/sub-points, citations for your quotes/reading, as well as written transitions. Your outline must be in complete sentences, not words or sentence fragments. Your outline should have a reference page. Your reference page is not a copy of your annotated bibliography. Your reference page should only list the resources used to construct this presentation (including your visual aids). There are two organizational patterns available for this presentation, one-sided appeal and refutational.

 

1. Your introduction has three goals: use an attention-gaining device to interest the audience. State your proposition of fact. Preview your main points.

 

2. The body can be structured around two main points using one of two organizational patterns One approach to organizing your speech is called the one-sided appeal. Using this organizational pattern, the speaker only provides evidence to support her or his proposition of fact. The speaker only provides evidence to support her or his side of the argument. The upside to this approach is that the speaker has more time to present evidence supporting her or his side and is unlikely to confuse the audience. A second approach to organizing your speech is called refutation. This organizational pattern requires the speaker to state the opposition’s argument(s) and then refute or offer a counter-argument. This organizational pattern allows you to use more of the information developed in the Issues Analysis assignment. The upside to this approach is that it can be more persuasive to a hostile audience. The downside is that you do have to present the opposition’s side, and you have less time to develop your own arguments.

 

3. The conclusion of the presentation should: Restate your proposition of fact. Restate your main points. Use impactful concluding remark(s) (memorable question, quote, statistic, etc. ) that emphasizes your topic's relevance for the audience. Content Criteria Your speech should state and defend a controversial proposition of fact. You will be using your argumentation skills to support a statement that can be shown to be “true” or “false.” Be careful to avoid propositions of value and policy. As discussed in the Organization Criteria, there are two approaches to supporting your controversial proposition of fact.

The Body

 

The content of your speech will focus on and be structured around presenting your perspective/arguments/evidence (one-sided) or state the opposition’s argument(s) and then refute or offer counter-arguments (refutation). Using your annotated bibliography as a resource, your speech should include evidence (logos) to support your proposition of fact, create emotional appeals (pathos), and demonstrate your credibility as a source (ethos). In general, the evidence used to support your proposition of fact may be taken from your personal experience and your research (statistics, charts/graphs, examples, testimony, quotes, visuals, etc.). You must use at least five sources from your annotated bibliography. You must verbally cite or reference all of the sources you used to prepare your presentation. The audience does not know the sources of your information, so you must tell them. If it is on your reference page, it should be cited in your speech.

 

4. You must “put a face on” your topic. This should be an example of an actual person, business, organization, or area that has been directly affected by the problem or controversy addressed in your term topic question. This person etc., is representative of the “problem” your speech is arguing exists.

 

5. You must use at least two visual aids that help the audience better understanding the information you are presenting. A title page and References slides do NOT count as one of your two visual aids. 6. Keep in mind, Speech 4 is closely linked to your Speech 5 on public policy. That is, Speech 5 will offer a policy solution to the problem covered in Speech 4. Delivery Criteria You are no longer required to be “objective” and “neutral” in the presentation of your material. Then, there is particular importance placed on using the appropriate persuasive tone (exemplified in your vocal variety, paralinguistics, etc.). However, how you present the material will influence how people interpret the information.

 

The appearance of objectivity and being “reasonable” can often be more persuasive. Your speech should be extemporaneous. You can use notes, note cards, an electronic device, or a presentation outline but not a script or full outline. You are looking to improve and build on the delivery skills introduce in Speech 2 and 3 (projection, eye contact, vocal expression, and appropriate rate). You will also be evaluated on speaking clearly, the effective use of pauses, and limiting fillers. You will be evaluated on how your explanation and use of your visual aids. There is a standard grade penalty for not meeting or exceeding the time limit (1 point from your total score for every 10 seconds under or over) The instructor reserves the right to amend these criteria as necessary.

1. Introduction
   1. Attention-Gaining Device: Unlike Speech 3, your attention gaining device in this speech should be used to make a persuasive point.
   2. The proposition of Fact + Preview of Main Points:
      1. The proposition of Fact: Your proposition should be a single, defensible statement. It is based on a factual claim that can be disputed or argued over.
         
         It is important to avoid a Proposition of Policy ("We should do this . . .") and a Proposition of Value ("This is right or wrong because . . .").
         
         
      2. Preview of main points: A single sentence summarizing your main points.
2. Body

Think of your proposition of fact as the general claim and the main points in the body as a series of secondary arguments. Each sub-point is used to provide evidence to support each main point. Much like Speech 3, sub-points make up the majority of the persuasive information presented in your speech. You can have as many sub-points as you think are necessary to argue each main point. The persuasive information in your sub-points are taken from your research and may include historical information, facts, statistics, stories, testimonials/quotes, expert viewpoints, opinions, analogies, comparisons, "put a face on," visual aids, etc. Choose the most persuasive information available. Decide if you want your first or your last main point to be your strongest argument.

Remember: you are refuting the opposition's claims.

1. First Main Point:
   1. Sub-point: State the oppositions position or claim. Be sure to use their own words. Be sure to use a citation.
   2. Sub-point: Refute the opposition's claim using the strongest and most persuasive information available.

Transition:

     2. Second Main Point:

1. Sub-point: State the oppositions position or claim. Be sure to use their own words. Be sure to use a citation.
2. Sub-point: Refute the opposition's claim using the strongest and most persuasive information available.

Transition:

      3. Third Main Point:

1. Sub-point: State the oppositions position or claim. Be sure to use their own words. Be sure to use a citation.
2. Sub-point: Refute the opposition's claim using the strongest and most persuasive information available.

Transition:

Conclusion.

1. The proposition of Fact + Preview of Main Points: Restate your proposition of fact and a single   sentence restating your main points.
2. Closing: Your closing for this speech should be persuasive. Use it to reinforce your proposition of fact. You can return to your attention gaining device.