Annotated Bibliography: Nursing Ethics Essay.

The current study analyses three articles related to the nursing advocacy. The first article describes “The lived experience of nursing advocacy”, which aims to improve the existing awareness of the nurses related to the right of the patients. On the other hand, the second article clearly describes the different types of “Barriers to the nursing advocacy for meeting future strategic direction.” Historical developments of the nursing advocacy, its gradual progression and allied barriers have been clearly demonstrated in the second article. Finally, the third article deals with “Problematizing autonomy and advocacy in nursing”, where special highlights have been made to assess the autonomy assumptions of the inherited nursing advocacy.

The thesis statement is to identify the nursing practices in the medical, surgical cases and the impact of the educational preparation on the nursing related practices. The current thesis statement would help to improve the existing knowledge related to the nursing advocacy practices by the nurses.

Analysis:

The Journal has identified the subsisted practice of the nursing advocacy, which can be considered as a vital component of the nursing practice. The three phenomenological qualitative pilot studies have been explored in this journal to register different types of experiences gathered in the nursing advocacy while treating the patients. The journal has analysed the three important aspects like how to register the nursing practice in the medical, specialist surgical area and the experience with nursing advocacy. Furthermore, the reflections on the educational preparation provided by the author have identified the best applications of the nursing advocacy with the patients. The study has robustly focused on the developing themes of speaking out and speaking to the patients. The study identifies that proper actions and the compelled behaviour with the patients is crucial to meet different needs of the critical care patients.

In the addition, the American Nurse Association Code of Ethics demonstrates the assurance to advocate for the patients under all desired conditions. As per the opinion of the scholars, nursing advocacy is a comparatively new and overtly practice role for the nurse, entering newly in medical practice. It has been speculated that the trend of advocacy nursing has started in the USA in 1980’s. The researchers and the other practitioners have discovered a better consideration of this phenomenon for engaging a benchmark practice of nursing advocacy. The exhaustive review of this article has revealed the basic descriptive research that focuses on creating a strong knowledge about the nursing advocacy that has to be dedicatedly carried out throughout the nursing practice.

Thesis statement:

The thesis statement is to critically analyse the barriers to the nursing advocacy for meeting future strategic direction

The current journal focuses on the concept of nursing advocacy and the prime act of advocating as part of nursing ethics with assisting the patient autonomy. The scholars in the existing journal attempted critically to evaluate the concept of barriers to the nursing advocacy. The primary purpose behind the initiatives is to provide clarity and directions to the health and care industry to find out the resolving solutions to the future inquiries. Moreover, the current source further examines on the barriers to the nursing advocacy that might result effectively in the education and intervention concept. The recognition of the nursing barriers has helped the future readers to get acquainted with the remedial actions to overcome the discrepancies in the nursing advocacy. The concept reflects the ethical norms for the nurses that involve the advocacy for clients. The scholars carried the perception that initially the nurses require recognising the advocacy of the clients, which will help the nurses to understand both the actual and potential requirements of nursing advocacy.

The literature of the current study reproduces the historic development, entrenched progression and the emerging barriers in the nursing advocacy. In the current literature, the authors have successfully created an awareness regarding the present barriers to the nursing advocacy so that the future barriers can be mitigated in a potential manner.   

A concept analysis method has been considered by the current researchers while conducting the study.  A special priority has been provided on gathering data utilising the journals of Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health. The database is chosen with the associated keywords used in the literature, such as patient advocacy, subservience, barriers and nursing. The journal reflects the fact that the scholars have reviewed 55 abstracts and 36 articles regarding the subject matter of the barriers in the nursing advocacy. Each of the selected articles is examined with the concept of the literature review and the alignments of themes are done accordingly.

The thesis statement is to identify a few assumptions related to perceive the role of the nurse in the contemporary western health care system. The current statement would also highlight on evaluating the critical assumptions regarding the autonomy of the inherited nursing advocacy.

The customarily patient advocacy has been argued in the present journal. The scholars argue the essential parts of nursing and the measures that are reinforced in the contemporary nursing conduct. The scholars in the articles believe that the role of nursing as the advocacy is not understood by the health care industry, which increasing the barrier measures in the nursing services. Through the article, the author aims to highlight the problematize expectations and impacts that revolve around the apparent contribution of the nurses.  It further determines on the Western Healthcare system and specifies the key assumptions that are the primary concern of the inherent autonomy role of the advocacy. The power distributions are unequal between the nurses, doctors and the other authorities of the institution, which increases the vulnerability state of the patients within the system. The major conflict lies in the Supreme attitudes of the nurses. In this scenario, the nurses feel capable of taking the entire responsibilities of the patients. The extrovert attitude sometimes creates a clash between the perception of the patients and the nurses.

The current article has also analysed the health care and autonomy system that usually drives the rules of surrounding informed consent. The scholars have elevated the necessary interpretation that requires providing the appropriate information that could make a voluntary decision for the effective nursing practice. The better understanding of the autonomy is purely focused on the legal protection of the healthcare profession. In this current article, the scholars have highlighted the organisational hierarchies that can effectively make a boundary limit the patient’s individual autonomy. On the other hand, it has been observed that a healthcare environment is controlled by the numerous factors which could adversely influence the autonomy. The scholars have provided the factors such as a capability to have the confidentiality, admittance to visitors and the right to originate for communicating individually to the patients. It is also the major responsibility of the health practitioners and the nurse to direct the patients about the meal timing, nature of meals and the individual preference on the choice of meal and nutrition.   

The present project initiated to critical evaluated indifferent sources and identified the reasonable matters that tend to limit the growing prospect of the health and care sector.  Determining on the study, an inference can be drawn from the 1^st article, “The lived experience of nursing advocacy” that the scholar examined on the extracted experience from the nursing advocacy. The 2^nd article is the “Barriers to nursing advocacy”, where the scholar identified the obstacles that prevent the nurses from initiating the effective advocacies. Perception can be drawn from the 3^rd journal, “Problematising autonomy and advocacy in nursing”, that the scholars attempted to identify the autonomy problem in the nursing advocacy.

Cole, C., Wellard, S., & Mummery, J. (2014). Problematising autonomy and advocacy in nursing. Nursing Ethics, 21(5), 576–582.

Hanks, R. G. (2007). Barriers to nursing advocacy: A concept analysis. Nursing Forum, 42(4), 171–177.

Hanks, R. G. (2008). The lived experience of nursing advocacy. Nursing Ethics, 15(4), 468–477.