Advocacy Services For Vulnerable Adults And Children From Black And Ethnic Minority Suffering From Mental Health In UK Essay.

Rationale

Title: Advocacy services for vulnerable adults and children from Black and Ethnic Minority suffering from mental health in UK

“Saving Lives health care”, a health institute planning to open their business in 2018  to offer health care services to the people who are suffering from mental health problems in UK. Their focus is to offer quality treatment with minimum cost. Their mission is to promote, create and uphold a positive attitude towards their clients, staffs, executives and the community. The market growth aspect for the mental health services are growing rapidly as can be seen from the market survey of past two years. The bill will be required the insurance companies to pay benefits for mental ill patients as same as to the other disease related bills. Initially 15 people per day will be provided services related to counselling and other required services. The key points for the projects to be successful are:

• Communicating with the psychiatrists who will charge reasonable fees
• Obtaining initial requirement of working capital
• Documenting the clinicians on appropriate time
• Obtaining number of Medicaid provider
• Contracting with other hospitals that provide services related to mental health, so as to enable the patients to transfer in case of need

Rationale:

There are various advantages for integrating the mental health services into the services that will be offered by saving lives health care. They are:

• Minimise the stigma among the people: The people suffering from mental disorder and their families are always under a stigma that they cannot be socialized like normal people. Their stigma will be reduced if they get available service and care that will assist in reducing their problem and in turn, they will feel acceptable to families and society (Alegría et al.2015).
• Social integration: When the people with mental disorder are treated somewhere far from their families, it becomes tough for their families to adjust and create more burden on them as it disturbs the daily life of the patient. Therefore, if the services are provided in the health care centre, the burden of the patient and their families will be reduced.
• Improving the capacity of human resource for mental health: Integrating the services of mental health can be proved as a solution to provide solutions for shortages of human resources to offer mental health involvement (Webb, Maddocks and Bongilli 2012).

Mental healthcare services shall be started to develop and identify the possible solutions to the mentally disable people in UK. It is also advised to integrate the services to promote the well-being of the patients and their families in UK through offering services related to mental health and medical services.

The above rationale and objectives can be achieved through the following:

• Responsiveness and accessibility to the requirements of the customer of the centre
• Awareness of community about the services provided by the centre
• Commitment of the staffs towards the customers regarding their satisfaction
• Must be affiliated with well-respected society for mental care hospitals
• Carry out the operation as an organization, which is responsive, fluid and acceptable to changes with regard to meet the regular changes in the industry of mental health care. 

At present, the services related to mental health care are increasing rapidly and this is driven by the competitive market for mental health care services. Out of 4 people, 1 person each year experience the mental health related problem each year.  As per the latest survey, depression is found in 2.6%, panic disorder in 1.2%, anxiety in 4.7% and post traumatic disorder are found in 3.0% people in UK.  Saving lives health care has identified various mental health care centres in UK that have strong hold in the area, they are: Centre for mental health, Avondale, mental health foundation. It is notified that there are plentiful providers of behavioral health care in UK. They involve residential facilities, psychiatric hospitals, outpatient group ranges from private to public organization and single practitioners. Therefore, customer satisfaction is a crucial factor in this sector. To become successful in this industry, the business will required providing quality, accessible and optimal services to the customers (Dwivedi 2012).

Market Research

Saving lives health care is expected to have mainly four types of clients, each with having specific requirements. These involve:

Types of customers	Needs
Referral sources: · Hospitals · Agencies · School · physicians	- consultation - Accessibility - Correspondence - professionalism
Vendors: · Insurance · Human resource · Legal · Collectable/Billing	Cooperative relationship, respect of facility owner,  timely payment
Families and patient: · Groups · Families · Couples · Individuals	- Empathy - Compassion - Respect - Accessibility
Managed care organizations and other Payors: · Indemnity program · Agencies · Self-pay	- Cooperation and responsiveness - Easy access to the clients - Care with reasonable cost

Table 1: types of customers

(Source: Created by author)

Geographic Target Area 

Existing Customers of Saving lives Health Care will be targeting mental health care individuals who are suffering the illness in South Hampshire, United Kingdom. Investigate into mental health of children and adult from Black and minority ethnic community are incomplete. Small sample sizes make it complex for sketch reliable end. There has been proof that suggests adult and children from dissimilar minority ethnic background for dissimilar rates of mental ill health. It is found that children aged between 5 to 16 years, 9.2% children are from black backgrounds had mental disorder compared to 10% (Market size).

Target market and strategy:

If saving lives health care grow and survive in future, the service must be marketed aggressively. As mentioned previously, the referral base will mainly be driven by the self-payors, indemnity products, care companies and Medicaid and medicare. Within the target area, saving life health care is expected to cover 57% of the covered lives. Therefore, identifying and focusing on the requirements of the four referral sources is crucial for the growth of the business.

Market growth: 

The growth in the mental health care industries for the last three years is significant as mentioned earlier. For the future period also the same growth rate is expected. Within the target area, it will approximately take five to six days to get an appointment with the psychiatrist. It is expected to take eight to nine days approximately to get an appointment with psychotherapist. With creative scheduling and employing of more staffs these changes can be overcome.

Dr. John Mc Lay, a psychiatrist for adults has been engaged by the organization recently as an associate of the company. He has promised to spend 20 hours per week, which in turn, will increase the services by 52 units per week. His service is booked for the 1^st month of operation that is for April, 2018. He will start working on 5^th April, 2018.  Negotiation is also going on with few nurses to work 30 weeks per week. Their specialty is with mental disorder and children adolescents. Their joining date is estimated to be on 1^st April, 2018. 

Competitors:

To recognize the main competitors in the mental health care sector within the South Hampshire, United Kingdom, it is crucial to have the clear idea about the industry as it is persuaded by the restructuring of mental health care (Statham  2014). There are primarily four types of facilities:

• Solo practices
• Residential facilities
• Practices for outpatient group
• Psychiatric hospital

Geographic Target Area

The main competitors of this business fall under the third category that is the outpatient group. These practices are further categorized into public facilities, profit purpose private practice and non-profit facilities and involve practices for multidisciplinary group and practices for homogeneous group.

Organization	competitor	Advantages of savings life health care
	Avondale is the leading service provider in the mental health care services	savings life health care will offer services at reasonable price
	Analyze the mental health requirements of immigrated people	savings life health care will offer them mobility and will assist them to integrate socially
	Dedicated to finding and addressing the sources of mental health problems	Mental health foundation is currently going through financial problem and is not able to provide any additional services.

Table 2: Analysis of competitor

(Source: Created by author) 

SWOT analysis:

Strength: · Special expertise · Advanced technology · Modern equipments	Weaknesses: · Marketing deficiencies · Limited service lines
Opportunities: · New range of services · 24 hours availability · New technology	Threats: · Increased number of competitors · Adverse policies of government · Frequent changes in demography · Changes in insurance plan

Table 3: SWOT analysis

(Source: Created by author)

PROSTCOM Framework:

Political Factors- It works along the diverse dimensions of race, gender, socio-economic status as well as age and physical abilities. It takes into consideration political beliefs or other ideologies by exploring differences in a safe and nurturing environment.

Regulatory Factors- As far as Federal Government is concerned, they play an important role for addressing the issue of racial as well as ethnic disparities in mental health status care in a way for supporting legislation. These regulations will help improving the health as well as well-being of minorities.  

Economic Factors- Some of the policy decisions are undertaken after collecting the data. The new Mental Health Act aims at offering an opportunity for developing robustness mechanism for continuous monitoring activity and analyzing trends.

Social Factors- mentally disable beliefs are related to social stigma as well as help-seeking and psychological openness that affects for copying the behaviors. 30% of participants are reported for having mental illness or receiving the treatment for mental illness.

Technological Factors- Patients and their caregivers have certain opportunities for utilizing technology in the context for managing their health and healthcare of black and minority sections in UK.

Competitive factors- Evidence showed that racial as well as ethnic disparities in mental health care has access towards rising for better understanding the gaps and limitations in certain way.

Organizational Factors- There are wide-variety of factors that remained unanswered regarding the disparity present in areas of both psychopharmacology treatment as well as utilization of psychotherapy regarding mental illness in children socioeconomic disparities, poor health education as well as lack of activism.

Market Factors- Without much of statistical figures that will be adjusted in case mix differences; it is difficult for presenting in the report card format, education of consumers. The report cards cannot unfairly hurt plans efforts for increase in market share especially in minority as well as low-income populations. 

List of accredited retailers:

Boot Pharmacy Basingstoke, UK +44 1256 479118	Lloyds Pharmacy Gospot, UK +44 23 9258 1819	Day Lewis Pharmacy Cowes, UK +44 1983 293011
Rowlands Pharmacy Hampshire, UK +44 1252 615582	Superdrug Fleet, UK +44 1252 615582	GB Medical Limited Andover, UK +44 1264 361578
Peacocks medical Group Southampton, UK +44 23 8073 7000	British Red Cross Medical Loans Havant, UK +44 23 9234 4207	Lloyds Pharmacy Southampton, UK +44 23 8022 5199

Table 4: List of retailers

(Source: Bplans.com 2017) 

The services are offered to various age group that involves couples, individual, children and families. Some clients are expected to use only one service at a time, while some are expected to use a mix of various services.

Target market and strategy

Market analysis:

Potential Customers	Growth	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3	Year 4	Year 5	CAGR
Psychotherapy	6%	5,784	6,793	7,374	7,846	8,348	9.61%
Psychopharmacology	0%	3,911	5,184	6,282	6,282	6,282	12.58%
IOP	0%	898	898	988	988	988	2.42%
B H Contracts	5%	0	0	2,000	2,000	2,000	0.00%
Other	0%	0	0	0	0	0	0.00%
Total	13.56%	10,593	12,875	16,644	17,116	17,618	13.56%

Table 5: Market analysis

(Source: Created by author)  

Pie chart:

 

Figure 1: Pie chart

(Source: created by author)

Promotional strategies:

Various strategies will be utilized to promote the business. Throughout the promotional approach, the focus will be on attracting more clients to earn revenue from the initial stage. The promotional strategies will involve:

• Creating a logo, brochure and visiting cards for the promotion of the centre
• 24 hrs supportive teal to answer the queries of clients
• Providing informative  workshops to the target clients
• Communicating with various health care service providers, state agencies and community agencies.
• Participation in activities related to mental health care (Morgan and Hutchinson 2014).

Target audience:

• Direct: The direct beneficiaries will be the mental health patients as they will gain benefits from the services provided by Saving lives Health Care.
• Indirect: Indirect beneficiaries in this case will be the people of the community who acquire employment opportunities and benefits (Fothergill et al. 2013).

Benefits to the mental disables and their families:

• Strengthen the services related to mental health problems that will be provided to the mental disables
• The families of mental disables will feel more comfortable in communicating and socializing
• Decrease the social stigma among the disables and their families about the uncomfortable level of disability
• Readily available medical services on 24 hours round the clock basis
• Disables will be benefitted through the top level psychiatrist and psychotherapist (Amaro et al. 2015).

Marketing Strategy

The main consideration under the marketing strategy is associated to the customers of Psychotherapy. There has been growth rate of 9.61% observed in this area. It has been further seen that the customer is belonging to Psychopharmacology group which has been depicted with the highest amount of CAGR are with 12.58%. 

Financial plan:

The following initial cost has been estimated for potential financial feasibility and sustainability:

Start up cost:

Particulars	Amount (£)
Stationary cost	400
Legal cost	2000
Decoration cost	2500
Insurance expenses	500
Rent	900
Staff training	2000
Other expenses	700
Total start-up cost	9000
Start-up assets
Required cash	101000
Long-term assets	0
Other current assets	5000
Total requirement	115,000

Table 6: Start-up Cost

(Source: Created by author)

Sales and profit forecast:

Particulars	Year 1	Year 2	Year 3
Sales	£  5,29,712.00	£6,37,372.00	£8,42,225.00
Direct Cost of Sales	£  3,12,863.00	£3,85,701.00	£5,09,057.00
Other	£                   -	£                  -	£                  -
Total cost of sales	£     3,12,863.00	£    3,85,701.00	£    5,09,057.00
Gross Margin	£  2,16,850.00	£2,51,670.00	£3,33,167.00
Gross Margin %	£              0.41	£            0.39	£            0.40
Expenses
Payroll	£     99,744.00	£1,02,736.00	£1,06,178.00
Marketing/Promotion	£       7,700.00	£   10,500.00	£   11,100.00
Depreciation	£                   -	£                  -	£                  -
Leased Equipment	£       3,000.00	£     3,000.00	£     3,500.00
Billing Fees (6% of billed plus 1.5% copays)	£     22,951.00	£   31,869.00	£   42,111.00
Insurance	£      3,500.00	£    3,600.00	£    3,600.00
Rent	£    10,992.00	£  11,000.00	£  26,400.00
Human Resource/HR Logic	£      6,000.00	£    6,000.00	£    6,000.00
Med Dir.,Multidisc.,RNCS Sup.	£    10,000.00	£  12,000.00	£  12,000.00
Telephone	£      6,000.00	£    6,500.00	£    7,000.00
Postage	£      1,050.00	£    1,300.00	£    1,400.00
Office Supplies	£      3,860.00	£    4,110.00	£    4,200.00
Payroll Taxes	£                   -	£                 -	£                 -
Contract/Consultants	£    10,000.00	£  10,000.00	£  10,000.00
Total Operating Expenses	£ 1,84,797.00	£2,02,615.00	£2,33,489.00
Profit before interest and taxes	£        32,053.00	£      49,055.00	£      99,678.00
EBITDA	£32,053.00	£49,055.00	£99,678.00
Interest Expense	£  4,400.00	£  3,436.00	£  2,260.00
Taxes Incurred	£  1,103.00	£             -	£  2,435.00
Net Profit	£26,550.00	£45,619.00	£94,983.00
Profit/loss percentage	5.01%	7.16%	11.28%

Table 7: Sales and profit forecast

(Source: Created by author) 

Sales and profit chart: 

 

Figure 2: Chart for sales and profit

(Source: Created by author)

The explanation of the cash flow has been able to show that the cash position as $ 8000 for the first month, 21,800 in the second month, and 51980 in the final month. The overall trend of the cash flow has been able to state that the company is able to depict an incremental cash flow. Whereas in the actual budgeted cash flow the main items has been identified in terms of Cash Sales and Donations. (a) Purchases (merchandise). The inclusion of the important elements has been seen in

(b) Gross wages (excludes withdrawals)

(c) Payroll Expenses (taxes etc)

(d) Outside services

(e) Supplies (office and operating)

(f) Repairs and maintenance

(g) Advertising

(h) Travel expenses (including deliveries)

(i) Accounting and legal

(j) Rent

(k) Telephone

(l) Utilities

(m) Insurance

(n) Taxes (real estate etc)

(o) Interest

(p) Other expenses (specify each) 

The business needs to comply with the various types of the trademark application of corporate in UK.  The business needs to comply with the components for the long-term success. “Saving Lives health care” need to comply with the important corporate governance aspects stated under the Main Principles of the Code such as leadership, effectiveness, accountability, remuneration and relation with the shareholders. The company needs to comply with the aforementioned codes and confirm that it has complied with the Code's provisions. The Corporate Governance code has been further seen in terms of the adhering to the disclosures summarized in Schedule B to the Code (Frc.org.uk. 2017).

Market growth

The legal system in the UK has been segregated into three geographical phases. The fist is seen in form of the English law, which is applicable to the services provided in England and Wales, the second has been identified in terms of the  Northern Ireland law, this is based on the common law of Northern Ireland. The third law has been seen in form of Scots- Law, which is applicable in Scotland operations carried by the business.

The executive board is responsible for the taking the important decisions related to formulating the strategy of the company. In addition to this, the boards of Trustees are responsible for conducting various activities of the organization. Moreover, the management structure of the company comprises of the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) for addressing of the various policies answerable directly to the British Council (Britishcouncil.org. 2017).

The rationales for having the most competent skills identified in form of dealing with necessary theories are associated to healthcare facilities. I have been further been able to identify all the different types of marketing requirements as stated in the study. The implementation of various focus on the subjects has been able to put emphasis on Finance and corporate governance practice. This has been able to provide me with a holistic view of the associated concepts for conducting market research. In addition to this, several application of theories is dated to HR practices has been able to state on the viability of the project in terms of finding the most appropriate values for successful team.

The number of customers has been identified to grow from year 1 to year 5. The estimated number of customers arriving at the healthcare facility has been identified to be more than 17,618.

The no. of users will grow due to various types of the promotional and the advertising strategies undertaken by the company.

The relevant concepts associated to human resource management in social enterprise deals with the different types of the process ranging from selection, recruitment, volunteering and providing necessary development and assessment of employees for several types of benefits, which comply with labour laws of the land. Some of the benefits of HRM in social enterprise are conducive in maintaining proper relations, providing compensation and motivating the employees at all stage.

Therefore, of the recruitment process in case of social enterprise has been listed below as follows:

• Employment of people having the right mindset
• Ensuring talent management program to support the new joiners
• Embedding a culture of support and encouragement to ensure employees are able to act together with full enthusiasm at the workplace
• Focusing on development of leadership
• Adopting on several approaches engaging in frequent conversation and vitality to recruit the best talent in the organisation
• Consideration of using recruitment specialist

Differences in recruitment with the private sector

Competitors

The important differences of the recruitment process in the private sector with the social enterprise have been identified in terms of performance measurement, resource mobilisation, changes in accordance to mission statement and market proceedings. The useful approaches under this concept have been further identified in terms of the very nature of daily operations in a social enterprise and the private sector. Some of the other forms of differences in the recruitment process in the private sector have been identified in form of government ownership in the social enterprises and absence of the same in private sectors.

Recruiting of right volunteer

The important considerations made to recruit the right volunteer have been identified as follows:

• People driven recruitment
• Position and title
• Volunteers with lifetime commitment
• Job Analysis
• Advertisement
• Job Design
• Induction And Socialisation

Staff participation is identified to be critical for performing the various duties benevolently in the enterprise. So the theory is necessary for staff motivation in social enterprise are identified as follows

• Theory X and theory Y
• Job redesign and design
• Hygiene factors
• Staff welfare
• Health and safety

Factors For Satisfaction	Factors For Dissatisfaction
Better remuneration	Poor work environment
Safety, health and hygiene	hazardous working conditions
Job security	non-compliance with working hours
Appraisals	Poor health and hygiene facilities
Reward and recognition

 
The concept of personal and professional development can be applied by following the relevant guidelines given by several human resource practitioners and theorists.

The process of collaborating with a particular group of people in order to achieve a goal is termed as teamwork. The core values of a successful team has identified as follows:

• Possessing of open mind and good listening skills
• Sharing information, knowledge and experience with individuals who can benefit
• Behaving with integrity
• Taking decisions based on reasoning rather than rank (PFjobs. 2013). 

Conclusion:

Social Impact means Saving lives Mental Health will be finding ways for sustaining in the present workplace. They are committed towards providing quality mental health care by collaborating efforts of the company overall health strategy and array of medical services. It can be seen from the sales forecast that the company’s future growth prospect is quite good and are in increasing trend. It is expected that the net profit margin of the company will increase from 5.01% to 11.28% from year 1 to year 3. Total requirement of the company for initial start-up is estimated as $1,15,000 which will be raised through the loan from bank and investors. Out of the total requirement, 35% has already been raised and the balance amount is expected to be raised in the next six months. However, the cash flow projection is showing that there is huge gap between the projected cash flow and the expected cash flow. The company is, therefore, required to reforecast its cash flow to have a more clear projection and visibility.

References:

Alegría, M., Chatterji, P., Wells, K., Cao, Z., Chen, C.N., Takeuchi, D., Jackson, J. and Meng, X.L., 2015. Disparity in depression treatment among racial and ethnic minority populations in the United States. Psychiatric services, 59(11), pp.1264-1272.

Amaro, H., Larson, M.J., Gampel, J., Richardson, E., Savage, A. and Wagler, D., 2015. Racial/ethnic differences in social vulnerability among women with co?occurring mental health and substance abuse disorders: Implications for treatment services. Journal of Community Psychology, 33(4), pp.495-511.

Britishcouncil.org. (2017). Management and structure | British Council. [online] Available at: https://www.britishcouncil.org/organisation/structure [Accessed 15 Mar. 2017].

Chand, A. and Thoburn, J., 2015. Research review: Child and family support services with minority ethnic families: What can we learn from research?. Child & Family Social Work, 10(2), pp.169-178.

Dwivedi, K.N., 2012. Meeting the Needs of Ethnic Minority Children: Including Refugee, Black, and Mixed Parentage Children: a Handbook for Professionals. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.

Fothergill, A., Maestas, E.G. and Darlington, J.D., 2013. Race, ethnicity and disasters in the United States: A review of the literature. Disasters, 23(2), pp.156-173.

Frc.org.uk. (2017). [online] Available at: https://www.frc.org.uk/Our-Work/Publications/Corporate-Governance/UK-Corporate-Governance-Code-September-2012.aspx [Accessed 15 Mar. 2017].

Morgan, C. and Hutchinson, G., 2014. The social determinants of psychosis in migrant and ethnic minority populations: a public health tragedy. Psychol Med, 1(1), p.5.

PFjobs. (2013). Practical tips on social enterprise recruitment. [online] Available at: https://www.pfjobs.co.uk/article/practical-tips-on-social-enterprise-recruitment/ [Accessed 2 Apr. 2017]. 

Software, P. (2017). Psychological Health Center Business Plan Sample - Executive Summary | Bplans. [online] Bplans.com. Available at: https://www.bplans.com/psychological_health_center_business_plan/executive_summary_fc.php [Accessed 18 Feb. 2017].

Statham, J., 2014. Effective services to support children in special circumstances. Child: Care, Health and Development, 30(6), pp.589-598.

Webb, E., Maddocks, A. and Bongilli, J., 2012. Effectively protecting black and minority ethnic children from harm: overcoming barriers to the child protection process. Child Abuse Review, 11(6), pp.394-410.