CQs on Job seeker:
- What is the name of job seeker: Lewis Hamilton
- What is the nationality of the job seeker? British
- What is Job seeker’s birth date: 13/08/1985
- Do Job seeker travel for jobs? Yes
- Do job seekers use public transport for jobs? Yes, from bus
- What is the job seekers current job? Nurse
- What certifications does the job seeker has? Australian Medical Council certificate
- What kind of fitness training does the job seeker has? Gym and yoga
- What kind of ID does the Job seeker has: Driving license.
- What kind of contract does the job seeker need?: Part time; full time.
- What is the education level of the job seeker? Graduation
- What is the Job seekers experience level?: 6 months and 1 week.
- What kind of knowledge the job seeker has? Basic computer knowledge; nursing knowledge
- What are the skills of the job seeker? Communication skills; computer knowledge; nursing.
How much salary does the job seeker decides to earn? $3000
CQs on job offer
- What is the general information of the employer?: ABC Hospital, Australia.
- What is the kind of job is offered by the employer? Nursing
- What is the type of contract does the employer seeks to offer to the employees?: part time.
- What is the range of salary that the employer offers? $3000 USD
- What kind of economic activity the employer does at the hospital? A Doctor and researcher
- What description did he offer for the job? A Australian Medical Council certified Nurse
- What kind of education level did the employer set for the job? Graduation in Nursing
- What are other working conditions the employer offered? Full time; part time; seasonal.
- What is the level of experience the employer set for this job? 1 year.
- What is the required skillset that the job seeker needs? Communication skills; computer knowledge; nursing.
- What kind of knowledge is needed for this job? Basic computer knowledge; nursing knowledge
- Pre-Glossary terms
Ontology requirements specification document template
1 What is the Purpose of the ontology
2 What is the Scope of the ontology
3 What is the level of Formality
4 Who are the Intended Users
5 What are the Intended Uses
6 List the Groups of Competency Questions and answers (eg priorities)
7 Pre-Glossary of Terms
Purpose of Ontology
Section 1:
- Australia has six states and various territories.
- Canberra is the capital of Australia; it is located in the ACT, which is a territory of Australia.
- Melbourne is the capital of the state of Victoria.
- Melbourne has two airports.
- When getting around in Melbourne by public transport there are buses, trams and the railway line.
- Some people look for jobs close to where they live to avoid travelling too much.
- Some job seekers look for jobs they can get to using public transport.
- Jobs can be listed two different ways.
- A job can be listed as a title in the context of an industry, such as an Industrial Electrician or Automotive Electrician.
- Jobs can also be listed as a specific skillset remaining the same across multiple industries, such as Accounting.
- A potential employee will have a set of skills and varying levels of competency in those skills, these skills may be endorsed by certifications.
- A person can be employed in many different ways, such as task related contracts, full time employment, casual employment, etc.
- The Australian Defence Force requires high levels of physical fitness and for the job applicant to be uninjured.
- Employers such as hospitals require medical doctors to have their qualification accredited by Australian Medical Council.
- Some jobs will require different levels of driving license, such as a semi-truck driver.
- Other jobs make require special license, like a forklift license.
- It is possible that a job ad may be created listing a skill set that does not match job title, causing the wrong people to apply for the job.
- To avoid the wrong person applying for a job listing, all jobs ads and job seekers must list skill sets.
- A job seeker should also be able to share their level of education and any training certificates they have earned.
- Training certificates and professional accreditations should match with the skill sets listed by the job seeker and be verifiable.
- Jobs also have different pay scales and these may be related to the type of employment.
- Job listings should only be active for a certain amount of time, as decided by the employer.
- If a job seeker is looking for work, they should receive notifications of jobs they are able to apply for based on their skills, desired income amount, preferred location and employment type.
Section 2:
- Australia has six states and various territories.
- Australia has both states and regions
- Canberra is the capital of Australia; it is located in the ACT, which is a territory of Australia.
- A city is the capital of a country
- A city is located in a state or territory.
- Melbourne is the capital of the state of Victoria.
- A state has one capital city
- Melbourne has two airports.
- A city has one airport
- When getting around in Melbourne by public transport there are buses, trams and the railway line.
- A city has many public transports
- Some people look for jobs close to where they live to avoid travelling too much.
- Some people do not travel for jobs
- Some job seekers look for jobs they can get to using public transport.
- Some people use public transport
- Jobs can be listed two different ways.
- A job has two different ways
- A job can be listed as a title in the context of an industry, such as an Industrial Electrician or Automotive Electrician.
- A job can be under industry field
- Jobs can also be listed as a specific skillset remaining the same across multiple industries, such as Accounting.
- A job can be concerning specific skillset
- A potential employee will have a set of skills and varying levels of competency in those skills, these skills may be endorsed by certifications.
- The employee has skill sets
- Certifications provide these skills
- A person can be employed in many different ways, such as task related contracts, full time employment, casual employment, etc.
- A person has an employment
- Employment can have many ways
- The Australian Defence Force requires high levels of physical fitness and for the job applicant to be uninjured.
- A job has fitness training
- Australian Defence Force is one of the fitness institutes
- Australian Defence Force gives this training
- Employers such as hospitals require medical doctors to have their qualification accredited by Australian Medical Council.
- Australian Medical Council certifies the employee qualification for hospitals
- Some jobs will require different levels of driving license, such as a semi-truck driver.
- Jobs need driving license
- Other jobs make require special license, like a forklift license.
- Jobs need special license
- Special license also includes forklift
- It is possible that a job ad may be created listing a skill set that does not match job title, causing the wrong people to apply for the job.
- Employers give job
- Job ad can list wrong skill sets
- Some people may get confused while applying for job
- They may apply for wrong job
- To avoid the wrong person applying for a job listing, all jobs ads and job seekers must list skill sets.
- Employers give jobs
- Jobs have skill sets
- Employers should carefully list the skill set
- A job seeker should also be able to share their level of education and any training certificates they have earned.
- Some people includes job seekers
- Certificates include training and education level
- Job seekers should provide certificates
- Training certificates and professional accreditations should match with the skill sets listed by the job seeker and be verifiable.
- Some people includes job seekers
- Job seekers have skillsets
- Certificates should match with skillsets
- Jobs also have different pay scales and these may be related to the type of employment.
- Jobs have payscale
- Job is employment
- An employment has many types
- Payscale is related to employment
- Job listings should only be active for a certain amount of time, as decided by the employer.
- Employer decides the time
- Job listing is active for a certain time
- If a job seeker is looking for work, they should receive notifications of jobs they are able to apply for based on their skills, desired income amount, preferred location and employment type.
- Some people includes job seekers
- Job seekers look for work
- Job seekers receive notification
- Notification is given of jobs
- Job seekers have skills
- Job seekers desire income
- Job seekers live in a city
- Job seeker desire an employment type
- Job notification should include the desires
Section 3
Ontology Requirements Specification framework:
- Purpose
The ontology can be defined as the description of particular knowledge in a professional manner. It comprises of several aspects such as knowledge objects, relation sets that determines relationship between objects, and axiom set that provides set of rules for the particular relationship (Hildebrandt et al., 2018). An ontology can be further used for many reasons and that determines its innate purpose. It is used to have the clarification of the knowledge structure. However, without its primary availability, the end result would be disastrous (Ni et al., 2016). There would be an absence of proper knowledge vocabulary. To get better representation of a particular field, it would be better to have the analysis of the domain altogether. It is usually an aspect of the personal knowledge methodology so that the knowledge can be determined efficiently. Another important purpose of ontology is to have the provision of better understanding of the information that is made available to the readers (Zhang et al., 2015). It further has the focus to aid the researcher to to have proper comparison of knowledge from varied literature and users. By doing so, the ontology can provide better understanding of the subject matter that can be effectively reviewed later as a source of knowledge (Joo et al., 2016).
Another effective purpose of ontology can be helpful for the researcher and the user to get appropriate advice from the tool or the system that can further help them in having better presentation of the information. Furthermore, the ontology is also helpful in providing structure set of various categories that can also help many users to get better understanding of the data available to them (de Almeida Falbo, 2014). Moreover, ontology can also be helpful in providing developmental opportunities to the users within the context of the knowledge engineering. The preliminary purpose of ontology is to have the provision of various versions according to the satisfaction of different level of populations (Chen & Delaney, 2018). It can further make sure to unite various psychological theories and models. These ontologies can also be shared with others having similar knowledge representation needs. Thus, these shared ontologies can become basis for the presentation of the domain knowledge with the other user that has understanding of similar field (Katis et al., 2018).
- What is the Scope of the ontology
The information management system provides a unique means of having the formulation of languages called as retrieving (Reep et al., 2018). One of the power techniques to do this is the structure queries because the end-users get the benefit of having the formulation of the database queries, which remains complex in the eyes of the world. Moreover, as the datamining seen to have increment, the similar rise is seen in the complexity of the process of information retrieval (Dadjoo & Kheirkhah, 2015). Furthermore, new approaches such as semantic based one has started to adapt the unique data modeling methodology. It carefully improves the interface of the research request and the data used. The ontology provides detailed information and a model for a present information that is given (Nazário et al., 2017).
Scope of Ontology
The scope of the ontology design can be determined by the limitation of the mission each group has concerning ontology. It aims to have the creation of the annotation format texts and other documents within the ontology concepts. Moreover, ontolog is meant to provide the development of NLP tools that can further facilitate the lexicon ontology. The organization also decides to have development of the lexico model (Radovic et al., 2017).
Moreover, the ontology has proved to be mean have further development in terms of relationship and the specification of the domain (Mikhailov, Petrov & Lantow, 2016). It is because of the rising efforts of the individuals that the ontology has become widely popular among bot the scholars and the users in general.these ontologies are further used by the research to share it on the public website so that other users can make effective use of it. The computer agents are involved in sharing the information on the sites (Rahimi et al., 20146). This aspect makes the work of the users effective and easier so that they can reuse the domain to get appropriate knowledge of the subject matter of the research. One of the members of the groups can provide details to the ontology and others can further use it for personal domains to formulate better information. After having the formulation of the bigger ontology, it is possible to use existing one for the purpose of determination of the larger one (Hitzler et al., 2016).
- What is the level of Formality?
There is a need to have different levels of formality to have proper description of the information through the project (Blomqvist et al., 2016). These levels can be expressed through several languages, which further expresses one particular ontology based on the ontology itself. The first level of the formality is the catalog that also means the expression of appropriate knowledge. They are likely to have zero description about anything. The actual level of formality can be determined from the point of the formulation of the relationship between two objects or instances (Vardeman et al., 2017). Relationship here general means the expression of language and the appropriate knowledge. In short, it determines whether or not two aspects have any relationship between them or not (Xiang et al., 2015).
On the higher level of the formality, there is a provision of the constructs that determines and describes ontology. These set of constructs include description logic, simplified logic, and frames (Gavrilova & Leshcheva, 2015). After heading ahead, the level of formality rises to the general logical theory. This is where full logic is used to have the expression of the terms usage within the context of ontology. The level of formality also helps in the determination of the usability of various ontologies as a part of the information and the description. However, if the less formal description is used within the ontology, the formulation of the ontology can be much easier (van Vuuren, 2015; Presutti et al., 2016; Dragisic et al., 2015). Furthermore, the more descriptive formulation can be expressed automatically and processed by the tools. While the formulation of the ontology it important to have the consistency of the information that is designed in it. Therefore, the maintenance of decidability and completeness is not always possible while using the ontology. Therefore, the described levels needs to have balance, especially when it comes to practical cases between computational properties and expressivity.it is, therefore, recommended that the proper modeling can be done by the choice of proper formulation of the information and design (Sinha et al., 2014; Hitzler et al., 2017).
- Who are the Intended Users?
Level of Formality
The ontology provider is responsible for providing appropriate ontology services to the users by maintaining and evolution of the proper design (Hitzler, 2016). The primary role is to have proper collaboration of the tasks in order to bring about effective formulation and understanding of the knowledge. One of the main persons that is responsible for the knowledge sharing is the manager of the providers. It enables the users to get the benefit of sharing information of the ontology and formulate the design I group online itself. They are usually responsible for the ontology management (Vyas, Paithankar & Joshi, 2017; Skjæveland et al., 2017)). However, when there are some cases of having conflicts between proposals, the manager is responsible to make sure that the users are getter better benefit of their individual roles.
Another aspect of the provider is the expert that professionally handles the ontology domain. They usually handles the entire ontology structure so that the users can bet effective benefit and ease of utilization (Kim & Laskowski, 2018). Other two aspects of the providers are proposer and the engineers, who are necessary to make the knowledge sharing efficient enough.users are usually the one that gets the ultimate benefit of the ontology providers’ individual efforts. This ontology aspect can be divided into two users namely passive and active (Horrocks et al., 2003; Shimizu, 2018)). These users are either students enabling the appropriate formulation of their subject or the employees that are told to make the provision of appropriate formulation of the results. Among the active users, the most intended one of them are partners and associates (Karima et al., 2017). The associates are usually concerned about the ontology quality whereas the partners provide effective feedback so that the ontology can be further improved.
- What are the Intended Uses?
One of the popular uses of the ontology is the web portals. It allows the user to have a community so that they can share the information together. The ontology can be a medium to have shared information in a better way of understanding for the users. Moreover, the portal can only be successful when the web portal can be effective only when the users can understand the shared information. Another effective use of the ontology can be the media collections including the non-textual objects such as music or videos (Mitzias et al., 2015). It can provide great help in the academics, corporate website management, and the organization to present the information in an understandable format so that the users can have deeper understanding of the subject matter (Kurilovas & Juskeviciene, 2015).
- List the Groups of Competency Questions and answers (eg priorities)
Items and frequencies:
- Questions:
- Job seeker: 17
- Name: 1
- Certification: 1
- Birth date: 1
- Contact: 1
- Objective: 3
- Job Category: 3
- Answers
- Nurse: 5
- British: 1
- Seasonal job, Autonomous: 2
- Graduation: 1
- Research, nursing: 4
- 1 year: 1
- $3000 per month: 1
- Australian Medical Council certificate: 1
Objects
- Britain
- US dollars
- Australian Medical Council certificate
Part 3:
Report
Problem evaluation
Ontology has been integral part of the research. It brings about new pattern of study to ensure the betterment of the situation. It has also enabled to have the establishment of the appropriate solution concerning the job search. It was observed that after the utilization of ontology technique, the solution could be seen perfectly and in a better way. Moreover, the evaluation of the problem was done without any fear of error in this research paper. It was also observed that the ontological technique served best to find appropriate answers and solution. It was done using all the regulations of the ontology.
What did the paper propose to address the problem?
The primary problem was to have perfect understanding of the situation that can lead to better results. However, in a research, misunderstandings can occur faster than ever. It can even create havoc if such misunderstandings are not handled on time. This is why, Ontology is needed to solve this problem. However, to get better understanding of the utilization of the subject matter, appropriate practice is required, which is what the primary problem for every researcher.
What was the proposed solution?
This paper was specifically meant to find answers to several questions. In the first section, the paper required to have appropriate solution to a scenario so that situation can be easily analysed. The ontology could provide effective design that ensured proper understanding of the situation being discussed in the section. Secondly, the paper desired to have better understanding of the ontology so that it can be further used in the research effortlessly. For that, several statements were carved out that later became main aspects of the ontology framework.
What was the outcome of the paper?
As an outcome, it was observed that the research was able to provide better understanding of the utilization of ontology. It was observed that by using it in certain situation, the methodology can bring out betterment to the solutions. It ultimately makes the process easy and simple to understand. 6teh job seeker and the accident part did the similar thing in this paper. They provided depth of knowledge about proper utilization in situations to get better understanding. The outcome concerning the job seeker had especially been harder to obtain since it needed proper understanding of ontology itself.
What was your reaction or thoughts on the value or outcome of the paper?
The entire process of ontology had been harder and necessary. The output provided the direction of the proper utilization of the ontology technique. This knowledge would be further used in the research to make things easier. It can also help in achieving higher progress at faster rate. It would also bring about appropriate accuracy to the solutions of the research. Along with that, it would help in furnishing the entire research itself by utilization of data available.
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