Conceptual Design And Feasibility Of Electromagnetic Brakes

Write a report which critically analyses the preliminary design and detailed design phases of the project.

Functional Process and Physical Resources

In this report, the aim is to critically analyse the conceptual design and feasibility of the electromagnetic brakes. This breaks are implemented to avoid the challenges that are faced with the use of conventional braking system. The report will discuss the preliminary system designing phase. This phase deals with development of the electromagnetic brake system and the requirements that are allocated for the requirements.

The aim of the preliminary system design is to describe the designing specification of the chosen system. In this report, the chosen system is the electromagnetic brake. The cost involved in establishing this system is also being prepared in the preliminary designing (Khalid, Gouwanda & Parasuraman, 2015).

Functional process is necessary for every developing technology. There are two areas in which the functional analysis is being divided, this includes: the functional analysis process and requirements allocation. The functional analysis process is further divided into its sub functions and the major subsystems. The functional flow block diagram is used to determine the process that gets evaluated with the system and is evaluated with every block of the flow diagram. There is a fixed output for every input that are processed with the functional flow diagram and describes the controls that are generated for the system externally (Lostado et al., 2015).  This also determines the physical resources that are required for achieving the functions , this includes equipment needed for the system, the software associated with the system, people , facilities provided , data or information that are linked with the system. In the case of the electromagnetic brakes the physical resources that are needed includes eddy current. The use of electromagnetic brakes reduces noise pollution, eliminates the need of the pad wear, increases the performance and provides high speed. The requirement analysis involves the elements and are being grouped within the logical subdivisions.

The basic aim is to determine the operational requirements r, support concept and maintenance related to the electromagnetic braking system. This becomes very much necessary to determine that all the requirements are meet or not while designing (Olabi & Renna, 2016). The important phases that are involved in the preliminary designing criteria are:

Functional capability designing: This describes the technical designing of the system that is concerned with the technical designing of the system. The factors included are size, weight, speed of travel and volume. The electromagnetic brake is being developed with the best features, so that it can provide best services or their customer (Chattopadhyay & Lam, 2017). The size of the electromagnetic brake is compressed and provides better speed.

Preliminary System Designing Phase

Interoperability designing: This refers to the ability of the system to get operated in an environment, where there are already different types of system. The electromagnetic brakes has a great advantage and is being preferred over other brakes, as this provides several facilities and also increases the speed and efficiency. In addition this, electromagnetic braking system helps to reduce noise pollution. Therefore, this feature increases the use of the electromagnetic brakes as it gets successfully operated in the environment.

Sustainability design: The sustainability design is referred to creating a system that will not affect the environment or degrade the natural resources. Every system should be built with keeping in mind that it will not affect the needs of the future environment. Building up of electromagnetic brakes will not compromise with the needs of future (Owlia, Mirjalili & Shahnazari, 2018). This brakes is being created with the eddy currents. Eddy currents are generated by changing the magnetic fields within the conductors in a loop of electrical current. This, involves exchanging of currents, thus will not affect the environment.

Reliability design: This is referred to the process when the system is being successfully operated throughout its lifecycle. Thus, this defines the benefit that is being achieved with implementation the system. It becomes very much necessary to understand the reliability of the electromagnetic braking system that is being developed with eddy current. This is reliable to use, as the system offers increase in speed and also the heat does not gets generated as there is no involvement of pads. Thus there is no heat generated and helps to reduce the friction.

Design for maintainability: This is referred to the process that describes the accuracy, safety and economy that are incorporated with the maintenance of the implemented system. In implementing the electromagnetic brake cost required will be higher than that of the conventional braking system. But at the same time this will provide the highest safety for the people and also act accurately. Thus, frequent maintenance will help the system to work properly.

Security Designing:  These is basically concerned with enhancing the security that will prevent an individual from performing activity that will harm others or mislead the system. In order to destroy the system, one can alter and tamper the system (Totala et al., 2015). Thus tis becomes very much necessary to develop the security for the system of electromagnetic brakes.

Designing the system for better serviceability and supportability: This ensures that the developed system will provide the best service towards their customers. The system will act efficiently throughout its life cycle. The implementation of this electromagnetic brakes will increase the efficiency and the working will be performed effectively.

Functional Capability Designing

Affordability design: This becomes very necessary to develop a system that will be economically feasible. Thus the cost incorporated in preparing the system, should be less than the profit gained. Only then the system will be economically feasible. In this case as the system is developed by generating magnetic currents, the cost incorporated is high but as the system provides better service and increases the speed it is being accepted by the users all over the world. Thus gained a lot of profit in the market (Prajapati et al., 2017).

Electromagnetic braking system is very much useful and also avoids the disadvantages that are faced with the implementation of conventional braking system. Thus, there is a need to design the system so that the working of the system can be understood. The designing of the system includes the implementation of the exact planning that gets initiated at the time of conceptual design phase. The designing further includes creating a team for designing and imitation for performing some specific task. With the development of design data, the reviews initiated with each step is being recorded and the changes are made further. This is necessary to have a team, so that they can plan each activity related to the developing process (Zhang et al., 2017). Moreover, any individual can ask for assistance whenever they need. For implementing the system engineering process, there is a need of a group that will have expertise. The expertise includes technical expertise, technical support and non-technical support. Thus the system of electromagnetic braking system needs to follow this steps for developing the system.

In implementing these systems, there are several requirements that needed to be met. The technical performance measures are needed to be considered in the time of designing the braking system using eddy currents. The requirement for brake pressure needs to be maintained at 500 bar minimum, but currently the benchmark for maintaining the brake pressure is 400 bar. Maximum time required for determining the elapsed time is 0.6 sec that is the time evolved once the brake is applied. Whereas the current benchmark is set to be 0.9 sec. The required time for retardation is 0.6-1.0 m/sq. sec and the time incorporated in brake system reaction is 0.05-0.2 sec. The braking system should follow this technical performance measures, so that the system can run smoothly.

Conclusion

The above report discusses the preliminary design criteria and the designing of the system. From the paper it can be concluded that the implementation of electromagnetic braking system is a better system than the conventional braking system. Moreover, this is a reliable system and will provide better efficiency then the conventional braking system. In this report different criteria involved in the preliminary design is being analysed briefly and the designing phase that is involved in the designing the software. The steps that are involved in designing process is being described.

Reference

Chattopadhyay, A., & Lam, K. Y. (2017, December). Security of autonomous vehicle as a cyber-physical system. In Embedded Computing and System Design (ISED), 2017 7th International Symposium on (pp. 1-6). IEEE.

Khalid, Y. M., Gouwanda, D., & Parasuraman, S. (2015). A review on the mechanical design elements of ankle rehabilitation robot. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 229(6), 452-463.

Lostado, R., Roldán, P. V., Martinez, R. F., & Mac Donald, B. J. (2016). Design and optimization of an electromagnetic servo braking system combining finite element analysis and weight-based multi-objective genetic algorithms. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 30(8), 3591-3605.

Olabi, A. G., & Renna, A. (2016). Design process: over-speed protection system for a small horizontal wind turbine.

Owlia, E., Mirjalili, S. A., & Shahnazari, M. (2018). Design and modeling of an electromagnetic launcher for weft insertion system. Textile Research Journal, 0040517518755793.

Prajapati, K., Vibhandik, R., Baria, D., & Patel, Y. (2017). Electromagnetic Braking System. International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering (IJSRE) Vol, 1(3).

Totala, N. B., Bhosle, P., Jarhad, S., Jadhav, S., & Kuchekar, K. (2015, April). Electromagnetic Braking System. In National Conference on Innovations in Mechanical Engineering (Vol. 6, p. 8).

Zhang, L., Guo, S., Yu, H., Gu, S., Song, Y., & Yu, M. (2017, August). Electromagnetic braking-based collision protection of a novel catheter manipulator. In Mechatronics and Automation (ICMA), 2017 IEEE International Conference on (pp. 1726-1731). IEEE.