Impact Of Using Robotic Technology In Automotive Industry

Discuss about the Impact of Using Robotic Technology.

The use of Robotic technology has been prevailing as the forefront for modern automotive industry since 1960’s. In the present day, use of this technology is growing with the advancement in innovation. The production with the use of Robotic technology has grown tremendously, when automobile factories first began automating the processes involved in producing new cars. The use of robotics has reduced total labor hours and increased productivity at reduced costs for manufacturing of more cars that are affordable by consumers. Engelberger (2012), states that despite of the widespread adoption of robotics in the automotive industry still there are controversies regarding the impact of this technology on the automotive industry. Hence, this paper analyzes and illustrates upon the impact of using robotic technology in automotive industry. Although the use of robotic technology has improved the supply chain for automotive industry, still many view this technology with suspicion and as a destructive force.  

The automotive industry has increased their investments in robotic technology over the past years. In 2013, almost 70,000 new robots were introduced, building up another pinnacle level. With worldwide vehicle creation hitting roughly 90 million units in 2014, the quantity of establishments is just anticipated that would ascend in years to come. According to Dhillon (2012), modern robots have been connected with the car business as far back as their initiation more than 50 years prior. In 1962, Unimation's UNIMATE was introduced in General Motors' New Jersey plant, making it the principal mechanical robot to be ever utilized by a noteworthy producer. However, it was not until around 20 years after the fact when mechanical robots genuinely have to be synonymous with the vehicle business. Amid this time, makers started swinging to mechanical autonomy to computerize more procedures than any other time in recent memory, including welding, painting, get together, die throwing, and extensive part exchange. Quick forward to today, and the car business keeps on ruling worldwide robot utilization, and automated establishments are at an untouched high.

In the primary quarter of 2015, car related requests kept on driving the mechanical apply autonomy advertise. Robot requests to the car parts industry expanded 66%, while robots requested via car OEMs developed by 6%. The most widely recognized applications for these robots included material taking care of (33%), spot welding (26%), and covering and administering (9%). While the quantity of mechanical robots is rising quickly in different enterprises, it is still very clear that the car business remains the key driver for the development of modern apply autonomy around the globe (Shimokawa, Jurgens & Fujimoto, 2012).

Trends in the Industry and Future

While robots will keep on being used at a record pace, the eventual fate of the worldwide car industry will not be without its difficulties. With stricter controls on discharges and security, and additionally changing customer patterns and rising interest, it is more basic than any time in recent memory for producers to have an effective and dependable assembling process. These liquid industry patterns make open doors for different new generation lines and modernization of old hardware (Meike, Pellicciari & Berselli, 2014). The usage of mechanical apply autonomy can help makers acknowledge lessen time-to-market, cut item costs, bring down vitality utilization, and that is only the tip of the iceberg. As makers hope to stay aggressive, anticipate that mechanical technology will keep assuming a significant part in the advancement of the car business.

The United States has been amidst an assembling renaissance starting late, and that is obvious in late insights encompassing mechanical apply autonomy in America. Since 2010, American vehicle generation has expanded by a normal of 15.86% every year, and producers have observed. At the point when contrasted with 2010, the business rate in the car business expanded by an extra 21% in 2013. With that, increment in work additionally came an expansion in computerization (Kovacs, 2013). The United States now positions third all-inclusive in robot thickness in the car business, with a thickness of 1,111 units. Robot thickness is characterized as the quantity of modern robots in operation per 10,000 workers in the car business. Furthermore, 56% of all mechanical robot arranges in North America were made via carmakers.

Brossog, Bornschlegl and Franke (2015), presented that along with the United States, one cannot resist the opportunity to raise China while examining mechanical technology in the car business. China is the world's biggest auto advertise, delivering more than 23 million vehicles in 2014. This enormous car market is by a long shot the biggest purchaser of robots in China, representing around 40% of China's aggregate robot supply. The International Federation of Robotics gauges that a race via automakers to manufacture plants in China, alongside wage swelling, will push the operational supply of modern robots in China dramatically to increase to 428,000 units by 2017.

The vehicle organizations took an egotistical point of view on the rebuilding of the business. They supported new laborers over the old, dependable specialists who relied on cash to bolster their families (Poole, 2012). They were propelled by the reduction in labor costs that happened from the presentation of robots.

Global Impact

This shows how legislative issues and self-intrigue can demolish what could be a simple move into another style of creation. Laborers left their old occupations on awful terms, which could have affected their choice when obtaining another auto. This could hurt the vehicle business in a roundabout way, since they could lose an entire market of potential purchasers. Moreover, the robots that supplanted the work cannot buy the vehicles they assembled (Meike et al., 2012). They have no feeling of dependability to their organization, since they are not genuine individuals. Because of this, the economy endures in light of the fact that there are not the same number of faithful representatives to buy the autos that are being sold.

The rebuilding of the vehicle business utilizing mechanical autonomy has prompted to numerous positive and negative changes to nations over the world. Creating nations have profited from the movement of industrial facilities. Created nations have experienced the switch in labor and the reduction in representative unwaveringness, yet luckily, in the three decades since the presentation of mechanical technology, the car business has balanced (Angerer et al., 2012). Families have discovered option occupations, and the monetary emergency has diminished generally. Individuals over the world have profited from the more secure autos that the more proficient and exact robots fabricate. The wellbeing issue alone is reason one cannot preclude that the rebuilding from claiming the business has conveyed some great to the world. As life proceeds onwards, and the long-extend financial aftermath turns out to be more evident, the correct way of the impacts made by this move can be chosen.

The discoveries on the total effect of robots are intriguing given late worries in the macroeconomic writing that efficiency picks up from innovation, when all is said in done, may have backed off. Fernandez et al. (2012), communicates an especially skeptical view, and there are extensive worries about common macroeconomic stagnation despite of the fact that others are idealistic. It is normal that the advantageous impacts of robots will reach out into the future, as new robot capacities are produced and administration robots become an adult. The discoveries do accompany a note of alert: there is some proof of lessening negligible returns, or clog impacts, to robot utilize, so they are not a panacea for development.

In spite of the fact that there is no confirmation of a negative effect of robots on total business, we see a more nuanced picture when we break employments and the wage cost around aptitude bunches. Robots seem to decrease the hours and the wage expenses of low-gifted specialists, and to lesser degree center talented laborers (Miller, 2013). They have no noteworthy impact on the work of high-gifted laborers. This example varies from the impact that late work has found for ICT, which appears to profit high-talented laborers to the detriment of center-gifted specialists.

Restructuring of the Automotive Industry using robotic technology

In further results, it has been found that modern robots expanded aggregate component profitability and wages. In the meantime, we locate no huge impact of robots on the work share. In synopsis, it has been found that mechanical robots made noteworthy commitments to work efficiency and total development, and expanded wages and aggregate variable profitability (Graetz & Michaels, 2015). While fears that robots obliterate occupations on a vast scale have not emerged, there is some proof that robots diminished low and center talented laborers' work.

Preparatory post-2007 information by Almassri et al. (2015), demonstrated the quantity of robots has kept on swelling, and the arrangement of assignments they can perform has extended. Both of these patterns demonstrate that robots will keep on playing a critical part in enhancing profitability.

Most robots are intended to be some assistance or an innovative instrument. They individuals with undertakings that would be troublesome, dangerous, exhausting, or redundant for a human to perform. The main modern robots performed assignments that were, "Hot, Heavy, or Hazardous," the three-H, performing errands that were excessively troublesome or excessively unsafe for individuals (Bock & Linner, 2015). Robots display fluctuating degrees of independent conduct; numerous robots are customized dependably to do particular monotonous activities without variety and with a greatly high level of precision. These activities are dictated by customized schedules that indicate the heading, speeding up, speed, deceleration, and separation of a progression of composed movements. Some of the time they imitate the movements of people precisely, and different times they enhance it, moving speedier, even more unequivocally, or more easily than people do.

Some mechanical robots have expanded adaptability in regards to the situating and introduction of the question on which they are working, or even the general assignment that must be performed (Ahmad et al., 2013). Mechanical robots frequently utilize exact direction; many contain machine vision sub-frameworks connected to effective PCs or controllers. Counterfeit consciousness, which is still seen as sci-fi, is really turning into an undeniably critical consider the cutting edge, more versatile mechanical robot. Mechanical Truck Association President, Jeff Rufener, predicts that by 2025, completely computerized and guided forklifts will represent half of modern deals.

As indicated by Yang et al. (2015), in a presentation on robots in assembling, more than 90% of all robots utilized today are found as a part of processing plants. These robots are alluded to as the traditional mechanical robots. Ten years prior, the vast majority of robots were obtained via car organizations. Today, half of robots made are utilized via auto producers. Robots have made tremendous walks into distribution centers, labs, vitality plants, and healing centers. Robots are utilized to collect items, handle unsafe materials, weld metal, shower completes, review parts, manufacture segments, help with working rooms, and even oversee domesticated animals. Robots are utilized for cutting, cleaning, and additionally welding. The extension and scope of robots and use will proceed to develop and grow. Acceptance of this truth depends on grasping inescapable change.

Impact of using robotic technology on productivity and employment

Most car assembling happens in substantial rural processing plants with robotized innovation worked via autoworkers. This innovation permits specialists to take high-ability undertakings and leave manual operations to mechanized hardware. Robots can lift heavier items than people can, pushing get together to wind up more proficient. Economies of scale decrease settled expenses for automakers and bolster worldwide interest for new autos. Mechanical autonomy have turned out to be progressively essential to keeping up the supply chains of car parts, materials and automaker organizations (Pellicciari et al., 2013). Some carmakers coordinate the utilization of distributed computing advancements into generation, empowering better remote controls of mechanical innovation and enhancing correspondences with computerized hardware. As laborers figure out how to program and adjust robots, new uses are connected on the plant floor for existing innovation. Automakers keep on adopting mechanized innovation to enhance creation at the production line level.

Of all the mechanical innovation utilized as a part of processing plants, about half is in car creation. Computerized innovation utilize has extended immensely as purchaser request has expanded the requirement for more vehicles. Mechanical technology diminish work costs on a for each auto premise, expanding the benefit potential for every item (Hunt, 2012). Computerized frameworks permit vehicle organizations to create distinctive models of autos in the meantime and increment the quantity of items delivered inside little generation runs. With talented work deficiencies regular in the car business, more organizations are obtaining robots to help with expanded customer spending.

Conclusion

In conclusions, it can be said that there is no confirmation of a negative effect of robots on total business; it has been seen that a more nuanced picture when we break employments and the wage cost around aptitude bunches. Robots seem to decrease the hours and the wage expenses of low-gifted specialists, and to lesser degree center talented laborers. They have no noteworthy impact on the work of high-gifted laborers. This example varies from the impact that late work has found for ICT, which appears to profit high-talented laborers to the detriment of center-gifted specialists.

In further results, it has been found that modern robots expanded aggregate component profitability and wages. In the meantime, we locate no huge impact of robots on the work share. In synopsis, it has been found that mechanical robots made noteworthy commitments to work efficiency and total development, and expanded wages and aggregate variable profitability.

References

Ahmad, Z., Lu, S., Zoppi, M., & Molfino, R. (2013, August). Conceptual design of flexible and reconfigurable gripper for automotive subassemblies. In Proceedings of World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology(No. 80, p. 211). World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology (WASET).

Almassri, A. M., Wan Hasan, W. Z., Ahmad, S. A., Ishak, A. J., Ghazali, A. M., Talib, D. N., & Wada, C. (2015). Pressure sensor: state of the art, design, and application for robotic hand. Journal of Sensors, 2015.

Angerer, S., Strassmair, C., Staehr, M., Roettenbacher, M., & Robertson, N. M. (2012, April). Give me a hand—The potential of mobile assistive robots in automotive logistics and assembly applications. In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications (TePRA) (pp. 111-116). IEEE.

Bock, T., & Linner, T. (2015). Robot Oriented Design. Cambridge University Press.

Brossog, M., Bornschlegl, M., & Franke, J. (2015). Reducing the energy consumption of industrial robots in manufacturing systems. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 78(5-8), 1315-1328.

Dhillon, B. S. (2012). Robot reliability and safety. Springer Science & Business Media.

Engelberger, J. F. (2012). Robotics in practice: management and applications of industrial robots. Springer Science & Business Media.

Fernandez, G. C., Gutierrez, S. M., Ruiz, E. S., Perez, F. M., & Gil, M. C. (2012). Robotics, the new industrial revolution. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, 31(2), 51-58.

Graetz, G., & Michaels, G. (2015). Robots at work.

Hunt, V. D. (2012). Understanding robotics. Elsevier.

Kovács, A. (2013). Task sequencing for remote laser welding in the automotive industry.

Meike, D., Pellicciari, M., & Berselli, G. (2014). Energy efficient use of multirobot production lines in the automotive industry: Detailed system modeling and optimization. IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, 11(3), 798-809.

Meike, D., Pellicciari, M., Berselli, G., Vergnano, A., & Ribickis, L. (2012, August). Increasing the energy efficiency of multi-robot production lines in the automotive industry. In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Automation Science and Engineering (CASE) (pp. 700-705). IEEE.

Miller, R. K. (2013). Industrial robot handbook. Springer Science & Business Media.

Pellicciari, M., Berselli, G., Leali, F., & Vergnano, A. (2013). A method for reducing the energy consumption of pick-and-place industrial robots. Mechatronics, 23(3), 326-334.

Poole, H. H. (2012). Fundamentals of robotics engineering. Springer Science & Business Media.

Shimokawa, K., Jürgens, U., & Fujimoto, T. (Eds.). (2012). Transforming automobile assembly: experience in automation and work organization. Springer Science & Business Media.

Yang, S. S., Ngiam, H. Y., Ong, S. K., & Nee, A. Y. C. (2015). The impact of automotive product remanufacturing on environmental performance. Procedia CIRP, 29, 774-779.