Q. 1. Look at the plans provided for Mr & Mrs Walk. Check the scope of AS1684.4 to see whether components of this building can be designed using AS1684.4 Residential timber-framed construction, with respect to:
i. Wind classification (assume that, from AS4055, the site has been determined to be N2). Give
a reason for your answer.
ii. Plan. Give a reason for your answer.
iii. Number of storeys of timber framing
iv. Width. Give a reason for your answer.
v. Wall height. Give a reason for your answer.
vi. Rafter overhang. Give a reason for your answer.
vii. Roof types. Give a reason for your answer.
Q. 2. Can AS1684 be used to design the floor for this building? Give your reason(s).
Q. 3. Referring to the BCA, what would be the minimum depth of the concrete slab thickened edge beam for this brick veneer (masonry veneer) building on a Class S site?
Q. 4. For drainage purposes, what is the minimum height of the slab above the surrounding natural ground level if the dwelling is to be built in a medium intensity rainfall area? Where would you find this information?
Q. 5. From the contour lines on the site plan, and the finished floor level shown, and the requirements as noted in the BCA, will there be any requirement for fill? (Assume that 150mm of topsoil will need to be stripped from the area of the building footprint). Give reason(s) for your answer.
Q. 6. What is the allowable bearing pressure of the soil on which the slab edge beams are to be founded? What is meant by controlled fill and rolled fill? What is kPa a term for, and what does this allowable bearing pressure mean?
Q. 7. Look at the drawings provided of the residential dwelling for Mr & Mrs Walk. With reference to the BCA, which of the figures; 3.2.5.2, 3.2.5.3, 3.2.5.4 or 3.2.5.5 would most resemble a detail through the external wall at floor level? Give your reasons.
Q. 8. With reference to definitions in the BCA; what is a DPC and how does it work?
Q. 9. With reference to the definitions in the BCA; what is ‘ flashing’?
Q. 10. Give several examples of where flashing would be installed? Sketch a typical flashing detail.
|
Q no |
Answer |
Reason or Explanation |
|
1i |
Suitable |
The building is to be built in a city square whose perimeter has an estimate of over 250,000 meters squared of open field. |
|
ii |
Suitable |
The plan layout is partly L-shaped and rectangular which is within the physical limits for timber-framed construction |
|
iii |
Single and two storey |
Depending on the timber strength, it can only support the maximum load of a two story building. |
|
iv |
Suitable |
The width is less than 16m which is the maximum |
|
v |
Suitable |
The wall height is within the limits of 3000mm |
|
vi |
Suitable |
The hanging rafter is within the standard limits |
|
vii |
Suitable |
Roof pitch is 30? which is within the maximum limit of 35? |
|
2 |
Yes |
The site has such topography that is able to support the structure, the floor span is also within the maximum span for timber floor construction, hence within the deflection limits |
|
3 |
450mm |
|
|
4 |
300mm. Reference from the BCA |
|
|
5 |
No requirement for filling |
Suspended floor can be employed in the construction, hence pad foundation can be used for construction. |
|
6 |
50kPa, Controlled fill is where a tested material imported to the site or found on site is placed in layers of 150mm, the moisture content is regulated by adding water using a compaction equipment A rolled fill is an embankment of the earth or rocks where the material is placed in layers and compacted using rolling equipment. KPa is a unit for measuring pressure. Allowable bearing pressure is the maximum stress that can be applied on a foundation such that it is able to withstand the shear failures. |
|
|
7 |
Diagrams 3.2.5.4 |
In compliance with the BCA, an external wall should be non-combustible and if made of a combustible material then it should be in accordance with certain fire hazard properties so as to be treated as an attachment. |
|
8 |
A DPC is a barrier that prevents moisture from penetrating through a structure by capillary action through the rising damp phenomenon. |
|
|
9 |
Thin material pieces of impervious materials that are installed to prevent water passage through and into a structure |
|
|
10 |
Windows, vent pipes, roofs walls, door openings |
|
11 |
Size of floor Framing Members - identify the location of timber stumps, bearer, joists and the ledger on the plan below. |
Q11 continued… Size the members.
|
AS1684 table used |
Timber stress grade |
Span mm |
Spacing mm |
Single or continuous Span used for sizing? |
Size (mm x mm) |
|
|
Post (note: footing type 2) |
F11 |
1400mm |
50 x 100mm |
|||
|
Bearers |
Unseasoned F11 |
|||||
|
Joist |
Unseasoned F11 |
|||||
|
Decking |
You will need to do a little research (not in AS1684) |
Australian Spotted gum |
175 x 50mm |
|
Q. No. |
Answer |
Reason or Explanation |
|
12 |
40 mm. Reference from the BCA. |
|
|
13 |
nominal fixing requirements according to AS1684.4 |
|
|
a |
The nominal fixing requirement of the bottom plate to slab is 1200 mm crs |
|
|
b |
The nominal fixing requirement of the studs to the bottom plate is 600 mm crs |
|
|
c |
The nominal requirement of the studs to the top plate is 450mm crs |
|
|
14 |
specific fixing requirements if the building is to have a sheet roof: |
|
|
a |
Bottom plate to slab is 80 mm |
|
|
b |
Bottom plate to studs is 120 mm |
|
|
c |
Stud to top plate is 90mm |
|
|
15 |
100 x 75 mm |
|
|
16 |
A small size would not be suffice |
MPG10 is the smallest grade of underpin, therefore, this means that it would not be able to fully support the loads. |
|
17 |
MPG12 T2 H2 |
The garage is located on the west side of the building. Therefore, this means that the wall on this side require materials with high strength in order to support the load bearing of the roof structure. |
|
18 |
East-west direction |
Reduce the number of openings or fenestration |
|
North-south direction |
Should have the maximum number of openings such as windows |
|
|
19 |
None |
The frames would be in a position to resist the gravity loads together |
|
None |
The frames would be in a position to resist the gravity loads together |
|
|
20a |
Two diagonally opposed pairs of timber or metal angle braces |
3600mm |
|
b |
Metal straps - tensioned |
3600mm |
|
c |
Timber and metal angle braces |
3000mm |
|
d |
Diagonal timber wall lining or cladding |
2700mm |
|
e |
Plywood |
353mm |
|
f |
Decorative plywood - nailed |
2600mm |
|
g |
Hardboard |
1219mm |
|
21 |
Note: every student will have a different layout. Ensure they have sufficient bracing and comply with the Rules and allowances of Clause 8.3.2.3 See suggested layout provided. Type A 14 units East-West; 22 units North-South Ensure that wind bracing is installed in walls parallel to the wind direction |
|
|
22a) |
47 x 220 |
|
|
b) |
5000mm, the span should be a continuos span |
|
|
c) |
Size of hanging beam 1840mm |
|
|
d) |
190 x 45 |
|
|
e) |
||
|
23a) |
1600mm |
The roof overlaps from the external wall by a minimum of 600mm |
|
b) |
2600mm |
As of the size of the rafter used which is 170 x 45 |
|
c) |
Underpurlin is required |
Since it’s a continuous roof span, the roof will need support from the underpurlin at regular spacing in order to achieve the required design strength. |
|
d) |
140 x 50 |
There would be an additional support introduced to strengthen the roof skeleton structure, hence there would be need for smaller rafters since the support required has been supplemented by the underpurlin. |
|
e) |
Eave width of 450mm Roof pitch is 30 degree Trigonometry Cosine (x) =Adjacent/hypotenuse X will be the roof pitch Adjacent is the eave =450mm Hypotenuse is the overhanging rafter Cosine 30 deg = 450/hypotenuse Hypotenuse = 450/cosine 30 deg =519.6152 Rafter overhang = 520mm |
To determine the rafter overhang, trigonometry has been employed to calculate the overhang rafter |
|
f) |
The overhang is compatible with the standard birds mouth notch |
The span of the overhang is within the 2 x 6 range of the birds mouth notch |
|
g) |
Roof truss bracing |
For stabilizing the gable ends |
|
h) |
BCA document |
References
Foliente, G. C., Leicester, R. H., Wang, C. H., Mackenzie, C., & Cole, I. (2002). Durability design for wood construction. Forest Products Journal, 52(1), 10-19.
Leicester, R. H. (2001). Engineered durability for timber construction. Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials, 3(3), 216-227.
Thelandersson, S., & Larsen, H. J. (Eds.). (2003). Timber engineering. John Wiley & Sons.
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