Project Management Essay: Identifying Tasks, Stakeholders, And Communication Plan. (70 Characters)

You are required to identify a project and its suitable activities or tasks along with predecessors and durations. You must identify at least 10 major activities of suitable complexity so that each activity would have at least a few predecessors and successors as in real life.  The project has to be approved by the lecturer before you start working on it at least four weeks before the deadline of the assignment. Please see your lecturer to discuss the project and its activities outside the lecture hours. However, lecturer would also explain sample projects that you could consider for selection.

You have been working with your company for the last 3 years and it is the right time for you to take a project manager role and provide the answers for the following tasks.

1. Network diagram is one of the important tools in planning a project. Construct a network diagram showing the activities that are in parallel and sequential in sequence. Identify and critically discuss the significance of critical path or paths and slack time using backward and forward passes.

2. Communication management is one of the knowledge areas in successfully managing and delivering projects. Critically discuss the importance of having appropriate communication practices in place in general and with respect to the project you have identified in specific.

3. Cost estimation is also an important activity in project management. Critically evaluate different methods of estimation and how do you estimate for your project?

Part1: Initiation 

Projects success or failure depends on how satisfied the stakeholders are. It is important for project manager to take time to identify and manage stakeholders of the project; esp., project sponsor.

1. Create a stakeholder register with the template provided on the portal, discussing how they are managed effectively.

Scenario 

You have identified at least ten major tasks for the project in assignment 1. You have formed a team of five people to work on this project with various roles. Using the major activities, you have identified, provide answers for the following tasks.

2. Create a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) with all the major tasks you have identified. In doing so, you have to identify subtasks at least up to level 3 under each project phase. You are free to add any relevant additional tasks. You can use the five phases of project management, Initiation, Planning, Execution, Monitor and Controlling and Closing in creating Work Breakdown Structure.

Scenario

Execution phase of a project involves implementing all work breakdown structure items identified and documented in planning stage. One of the important tools that project managers use is a Gantt chart showing major events in a calendar format and their status in addition to many other factors.

3. Prepare a Gantt Chart, which is a planning document that can help you execute your project.Include all your tasks you have identified in the Work Breakdown Structure. You can use Microsoft Excel in creating Gantt Chart, if MS Project cannot be utilized.

Project monitoring and control, which is one of the five phases of any project is very important to make your project successful. Known and unknown risks might arise in phase of the project.

4. Critically discuss the importance and significance of risk management in monitoring and controlling the project. Cite at least two references.

It is one week before your final project presentation. You have been successful in meeting time and cost deadlines. However, scope had to be compromised! You have been really helpful in making this project a success.

5. Prepare a lessons-learned report for the entire project. Include input from all stakeholders in summarizing the lessons learned. Use the template provided on portal.

Identifying Tasks for the Project

The network diagram is based on redevelopment work of the London Bridge Station. Following is the network diagram for the project activities which are in parallel as well as sequential in the sequence (Harrisonand Lock 2017). Network diagram is important tool to plan the project work. The main objectives of the project network diagram are:

• Construction of network representation of project activities
• Understanding the type of dependencies of project activity
• Recognition of type of project constraints which create the activity sequences
• Identification of critical path in the project (Lock 2017).
• Analyzing the possible schedule of the project plan

Network diagram is used for detailed planning of project. It is an implementation tool to analyze scheduling activities and control the project. This project is consisted of large number of activities which are required to complete in certain period of time before completion of entire project. The network analysis is performed to value the complex project which contains related plus interdependent activities (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). It is a term to aid management for planning in addition to controlling the project. The project management techniques show interrelationship of different jobs and tasks that can make entre project and identify the critical activities of the project.  

Activity	Immediate predecessor activity	Duration
A	-	93
B	A	159
C	B	13
D	B	140
E	D	100
F	D	62
G	D	74
H	C,E,G	75
I	H	58
J	I	27

Activity	Description	Time (days)	EST	EFT
A	Initiation phase	93	0	93
B	Pre-construction phase	159	93	252
C	Project procurement phase	13	252	265
D	Planning phase	140	252	392
E	Execution phase	100	392	492
F	Design phase	62	392	454
G	Site work phase	74	392	466
H	Construction phase	75	492	567
I	Monitoring and controlling phase	58	567	625
J	Closing phase	27	625	652

Activity	Description	Time(days)	EST	EFT	LST	LFT
A	Initiation phase	93	0	93	0	93
B	Pre-construction phase	159	93	252	93	252
C	Project procurement phase	13	252	265	479	492
D	Planning phase	140	252	392	252	392
E	Execution phase	100	392	492	392	492
F	Design phase	62	392	454	430	492
G	Site work phase	74	392	466	418	492
H	Construction phase	75	492	567	492	567
I	Monitoring and controlling phase	58	567	625	567	625
J	Closing phase	27	625	652	625	652

Figure 1: Network Diagram

(Source: Created by author)

Critical path analysis is defined as logical sequence of series of project events required for successful completion of project work. The critical path technique is aid into time management, ongoing data to assess the project progress and considerable information for the decision making (Heagney 2016). Following table shows the critical path of the project plan and red highlighted part of the critical path of the project:

Activity	Description	Time (days)	EST	EFT	LST	LFT	Criticality
A	Initiation phase	93	0	93	0	93	**
B	Pre-construction phase	159	93	252	93	252	**
C	Project procurement phase	13	252	265	479	492
D	Planning phase	140	252	392	252	392	**
E	Execution phase	100	392	492	392	492	**
F	Design phase	62	392	454	430	492
G	Site work phase	74	392	466	418	492
H	Construction phase	75	492	567	492	567	**
I	Monitoring and controlling phase	58	567	625	567	625	**
J	Closing phase	27	625	652	625	652	**

Table 1: Critical path

(Source: Created by author)

Activity	Description	Time (days)	EST	EFT	LST	LFT	Slack	Criticality
A	Initiation phase	93	0	93	0	93	0	**
B	Pre-construction phase	159	93	252	93	252	0	**
C	Project procurement phase	13	252	265	479	492	227
D	Planning phase	140	252	392	252	392	0	**
E	Execution phase	100	392	492	392	492	0	**
F	Design phase	62	392	454	430	492	38
G	Site work phase	74	392	466	418	492	26
H	Construction phase	75	492	567	492	567	0	**
I	Monitoring and controlling phase	58	567	625	567	625	0	**
J	Closing phase	27	625	652	625	652	0	**

The communication management concerns to define type of information deliver to the project stakeholders, who will receive, format to communicate and time of release plus distribution. 90% of the project manager is spent on communication as it is required to get right message at right time (Lock 2016). The first step in defining the communication plan is figure the kind of communication the stakeholders required from the project to take good project related decisions. The selected project is based on London Bridge Station Redevelopment Plan. The selected project work is complex and critical; therefore a proper communication plan is required to interact with each of the project team members (Heagney 2016). Communication technology has an impact on how people are kept in loop. The methods of communication are written reports, emails, status report, face-to-face meeting and presentation. The communication plan documents type of information required to carry the project work when the information is distributed and the information is delivered.

Managing Project Stakeholders

In the redevelopment project plan, the type of information communicated to the project team members are project status, scope statement, and update of project, risk, performance measurement and project acceptance information (Binder 2016). As the redevelopment project is complex, therefore in order to get project success, it requires good communication among the team members. Those team members can interact through electronic communication. The project manager avoids miscommunication as it can influence trust and project culture. The project team requires a plan to communicate in timely way (Marchewka 2014). Communication practices in this project help to build plus maintain relations on the construction project. The team makes decisions based on trust moreover relationships. It can foster sharing of idea along with innovation. It can help the team to build confidence furthermore strengthen the project team members. Communication plan plays an important role in the redevelopment project by:

• Increasing the project visibility along with project status
• Providing the project opportunities to be shared with team members (Heagney 2016).
• Creating a written documentation based on project requirements
• Boosting the productivity of the team meetings (Delerueand Sicotte 2017).
• Ensuring the project is continued for project alignment with goals

The communication plan is focused on needs of project team members. The plan prior to project start is different from the communication once the project is launched through and end of the project. Initial communication related to the project plan is based on socializing the project stakeholders (Zulch 2014). Following is the communication plan:

Communication	Method	Frequency	Goal	Owner	Audience
Status report of the project	Email and meeting	Weekly	Review the status of the project, discuss the issues and project delays	Project Manager	Project team members and project sponsor
Review the project plan	Meeting	Weekly	Present the project deliverables and gather the feedback and discussion related to next project phases	Project Manager	Project team and project sponsor
Updates on the task progress	Meeting and email	Daily	There is sharing of daily progress of the project activities on schedule basis	Project Manager	Project team
Stand up of the team or performance measurement	Meeting	Daily	Discuss about the performance of the team member	Project Manager	Team Leader
Existing issues in the project plan	Face-to-face meeting	Weekly at the time of staff meeting	Discussion of the project issues which the staffs are facing	Project Manager	Team Leader
Project baseline information	Email and presentation	Weekly	Information related to project cost and scheduled baseline	Project Manager	Project Team
Scope statement	Email, meeting and presentation	Monthly	Discuss about the project scope and determine if the project scope is met	Project Manager	Team Leader

Marchewka(2014) stated that communication can improve management of the project team. Effective project manager can articulate vision of the project. When the project manager communicates effectively, then the team members can recognize and learn from it. Nicholas and Steyn (2017) argued that management is responsible to set tone for efficient communication on the redevelopment project. Communication practices deliver results that each team members are looking to attain on the construction project (Lock 2017). The project team member with high level of communication can deliver the project on time, ahead of project schedule, under budget in addition to achieve of proper project goals.

The project cost estimation is central to make key decisions, take initiatives, budget activities and control expenditures. Cost forecast along with projections are used to set the project metrics by which the project success is measured and communicated work progress to stakeholders at provided point of time. Suliman and Kadoda (2017) explained that cost estimation determines amount of resources needed to accomplish the activities related to project. It is focused on allocation of optimal expenses for the project plan. Following are different method of estimation to estimate the project cost and one of the best cost estimation method is selected among them for this particular project plan.

Execution Phase and Gantt Chart

Analogous estimation: This cost estimation method is based on the historical data from earlier projects. The project can make money by meeting with client’s requirements. This particular technique is mainly defined as historical data analysis (Trendowicz and Jeffery 2014). The cost estimation method is applied to divide segments of the project and in combination with methods plus tools.

Parametric estimation: It allows using of historical as well as statistical data in order to make project activities parameters such as scope, budget, and project duration. This cost estimation method provides higher degree of accuracy of data. This method is used to separate and combine with additional tools (Khodakarami and Abdi 2014). This cost estimation method is used tables to measure based on average data regards to how the tasks are being taken to complete.

Bottom-up estimation: It is done when sponsor as well as project manager produced a work breakdown structure and assigned the project team to project activities. This estimation method shows that each individual cost of project activities and work packages are estimated to smaller details.

Top-up estimation: It is opposite of bottom-up estimation. It assumes that entire project budget is being determined at starting of the project and the project manager can identify the cost for work items (Nicholas and Steyn 2017). By use of the work breakdown structure, the project manager can determine quantity of work items which are delivered in fixed budget.

In this particular project work, selected cost estimation method is top-up and bottom-up estimation.

WBS	Task Name	Resource Names	Cost
A	Initiation phase		$157,600.00
1.1	Perform a feasibility study	Project Manager	$28,000.00
1.2	Development of business case		$129,600.00
1.2.1	Establishment of project charter	Project Manager, Operation Manager	$73,600.00
1.2.2	Appointment of project team member	Project Manager	$56,000.00
B	Pre-construction phase		$248,400.00
2.1	Design and planning		$65,200.00
2.1.1	Sample approval of the project plan	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$65,200.00
2.2	Contract execution	Civil Engineer, Operation Manager, Structural Engineer	$96,800.00
2.3	Perform a phase review	Project Designer, Project Manager	$86,400.00
C	Project procurement phase		$54,000.00
3.1	Subcontractor bid and interview period		$37,200.00
3.1.1	Recommendation and approval from the subcontractors	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$37,200.00
3.2	Other materials procurement	Operation Manager, Structural Engineer	$16,800.00
D	Planning phase		$216,800.00
4.1	Approval of the project plan		$216,800.00
4.1.1	Draft of design documents and drawings	Project Designer, Operation Manager, Structural Engineer	$50,000.00
4.1.2	Collaboration of trade partners to achieve the project goals	Civil Engineer, Operation Manager, Project Manager	$108,000.00
4.1.3	Providing alignment of cost, scope and duration	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$58,800.00
E	Execution phase		$476,000.00
5.1	Execute the redevelopment plan based on comprehensive plan		$218,400.00
5.1.1	Develop of project deliverables to satisfy the customers	Project Manager	$61,600.00
5.1.2	Assign the team members	Operation Manager, Project Designer, Project Manager	$63,600.00
5.1.3	Allocate the resources	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$93,200.00
5.2	Execute of project management plan	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$67,600.00
5.3	Conduct a status meetings	Project Designer, Structural Engineer	$21,600.00
5.4	Updating the project schedule	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$67,200.00
5.5	Modification in project plan	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$101,200.00
F	Design phase		$250,800.00
6.1	Architectural detail modelling		$132,000.00
6.1.1	Redevelop the design of the bridge station	Operation Manager, Project Manager, Project Designer	$132,000.00
6.2	Preliminary design of the station	Project Designer, Operation Manager, Project Manager	$118,800.00
G	Site work phase		$169,200.00
7.1	Clear the site		$169,200.00
7.1.1	Form the foundations	Project Designer, Project Manager	$105,600.00
7.1.2	Utilities of the foundation	Operation Manager, Project Designer, Project Manager	$63,600.00
H	Construction phase		$175,200.00
8.1	Mobilization	Civil Engineer, Operation Manager	$64,000.00
8.2	Rough framing	Civil Engineer	$14,000.00
8.3	Structural repair	Project Designer, Structural Engineer	$51,200.00
8.4	Inspection of the plan		$46,000.00
8.4.1	Substantial completion	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$46,000.00
I	Monitoring and controlling phase		$125,600.00
9.1	Track the project progress		$125,600.00
9.1.1	Analyze key performance indicators on cost, time and quality	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$36,000.00
9.1.2	Calculation of KPI to track the project work	Civil Engineer, Operation Manager	$89,600.00
J	Closing phase		$109,600.00
10.1	Execute the project deliverables		$70,400.00
10.1.1	Determine the project issues	Operation Manager, Project Manager	$38,400.00
10.1.2	Recognize the valuable project team	Project Manager, Structural Engineer	$32,000.00
10.2	Perform a lessons learned	Operation Manager, Project Designer, Project Manager	$39,200.00

1. Stakeholder Register

The stakeholders are person and group those are interest in the project organization. The stakeholders can affect by the organizational actions and policies. The stakeholders are those people whose support is needed to get success in the project work.

Stakeholder Analysis for Project Name: London Bridge Station Redevelopment Plan

Prepared by: Project Manager Date:4^th Jan, 2019

	Stakeholder 1	Stakeholder 2	Stakeholder 3
Organization	CPUK Group	Partner Construction Ltd	Ridge and Partners LLP
Role on project	Project Manager	Operation Manager	Civil Engineer
Unique facts about stakeholder	The project manager designs and applies project management standardfor review entire project process. The manager manages production of project deliverables, plans and monitors the project(Andriofet al. 2017). They can also manage the project risks included development of contingency plan.	The operation manager involves overseeing production of goods and services. There is smooth and effective service which can meet with requirements and expectations of the customers.	The civil engineer can perform duties in preparation, design and oversee the construction of the bridge station.
Level of interest	High	High	Low
Level of influence	Low	High	Low
Suggestions on managing relationships	The project manager can build strong relationship with other project team members by communicating with them related to project objectives and goals.	The operation manager is responsible to provide direction to different managers. They are required to make corrections and modifications when the project goals are not meet and carried out in a proper manner.	The civil engineer should have strong relations with the subcontractors and other construction group members.

Project Name: London Bridge Station Redevelopment Plan

Date:4^th Jan, 2019

Created by: Project Manager

Stakeholder Name	Document Name	Document Format	Contact Person	Due Date
John Smith	Project Status Report	Pdf and word document file	Project Manager	Mon 12/7/18
Danny Johns	Project risk management document	Excel sheet	Project Manager	Wed 12/9/18
Martin White	Project cost document	Excel sheet	Project Manager	Mon 3/26/19
Joz Smith	Project charter	Word document file	Project Manager	Mon 7/20/19
JenniliyaD’soza	Project procurement document	Word document file	Project Manager	Wed 8/9/19
Gemini Alley	Project schedule plan	Ms project	Project Manager	Fri 1/27/19

The key to manage the stakeholder is planning. With good stakeholder strategies, the project manager can handle the success of project. A stakeholder is effectively managed and engaged the project delivery and regarded as one to outsource the business as usual functions. The project manager is based on people to respond towards project outputs plus benefits that the project manager can deliver. The stakeholder management is implied that people can made to respond to the project, but the project manager has no formal power of the authority as well as relied on stakeholder engagement to achieve the project objectives. Andriof et al.(2017) stated that stakeholder engagement process is involved with project activities like identification of stakeholder, consultation, collaboration as well as project reporting.

Project Monitoring and Control

The stakeholder engagement is referred to process by means of which the company is communicated and interacted with the stakeholders to achieve desired outcome along with enhance the project accountability (Sierra?García, Zorio?Grimaand García?Benau 2015). The benefits of engagement with the stakeholder are included of:

Build the trust: There is strong relationship with the stakeholders to improve relations among company plus stakeholders.

Risk management: The stakeholders can guide to more steady operating environment as well as serious information which are significant to take decisions (Henisz, Dorobantu and Nartey 2014).

Improved productivity: Better engagement with the stakeholder is identified where the company can become efficient. The employees should have great voice into the workplace.

2. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

The work breakdown structure (WBS) is key project deliverable which can organize team’s work in manageable sections. WBS shows the hierarchical decomposition of the project activities which are planned to complete the project work (Crawford 2014). WBS defines the scope of project in manageable chunks that the project team can recognize as each level of WBS provides details of the project activities.

WBS	Task Name
0	London Bridge Station Redevelopment Plan
A	Initiation phase
1.1	Perform a feasibility study
1.2	Development of business case
1.2.1	Establishment of project charter
1.2.2	Appointment of project team member
B	Pre-construction phase
2.1	Design and planning
2.1.1	Sample approval of the project plan
2.2	Contract execution
2.3	Perform a phase review
C	Project procurement phase
3.1	Subcontractor bid and interview period
3.1.1	Recommendation and approval from the subcontractors
3.2	Other materials procurement
D	Planning phase
4.1	Approval of the project plan
4.1.1	Draft of design documents and drawings
4.1.2	Collaboration of trade partners to achieve the project goals
4.1.3	Providing alignment of cost, scope and duration
E	Execution phase
5.1	Execute the redevelopment plan based on comprehensive plan
5.1.1	Develop of project deliverables to satisfy the customers
5.1.2	Assign the team members
5.1.3	Allocate the resources
5.2	Execute of project management plan
5.3	Conduct a status meetings
5.4	Updating the project schedule
5.5	Modification in project plan
F	Design phase
6.1	Architectural detail modelling
6.1.1	Redevelop the design of the bridge station
6.2	Preliminary design of the station
G	Site work phase
7.1	Clear the site
7.1.1	Form the foundations
7.1.2	Utilities of the foundation
H	Construction phase
8.1	Mobilization
8.2	Rough framing
8.3	Structural repair
8.4	Inspection of the plan
8.4.1	Substantial completion
I	Monitoring and controlling phase
9.1	Track the project progress
9.1.1	Analyze key performance indicators on cost, time and quality
9.1.2	Calculation of KPI to track the project work
J	Closing phase
10.1	Execute the project deliverables
10.1.1	Determine the project issues
10.1.2	Recognize the valuable project team
10.2	Perform a lessons learned

From the above work breakdown structure in table format, there are three main activities of the project such as initiation phase, pre-construction phase, project procurement phase, planning phase, execution phase, design phase, construction phase, monitoring and controlling phase and closing phase (Flemingand Koppelman 2016).Below diagram shows the work breakdown structure of the redevelopment project plan in hierarchical structure as:

Figure 2: Work breakdown structure

(Source: Created by author)

In the work breakdown structure, the top level represents the final deliverable of the project. The sub-deliverables contain the work packages which are assigned to the organization’s department. The elements of WBS are not defined to same level. The work package is defined work, duration as well as cost of the project tasks needed to produce the sub-deliverable. The work packages are independent of work packages into WBS. Those are unique and are not duplicated across WBS (Turner 2014). The goal of WBS is to create larger project more convenient.WBS is a method to divide as well as conquer the larger project such that it can get the things faster as well as effective. WBS is a hierarchical structure which can outline the project and break the project in smaller and manageable portions. With help of the structure, the project manager can analyzethe work activities so that they can allocate the project activities to the project team members based on their expertise and skills (Project Management Institute 2018).Therefore, the project manager is responsible to perform all the project related work as per project requirements and goals so as to achieve a higher level of success.

Task Name	Duration	Start	Finish
London Bridge Station Redevelopment Plan	175 days	Wed 12/12/18	Tue 8/13/19
Initiation phase	93 days	Wed 12/12/18	Fri 4/19/19
Perform a feasibility study	5 days	Wed 12/12/18	Tue 12/18/18
Development of business case	88 days	Wed 12/19/18	Fri 4/19/19
Pre-construction phase	159 days	Wed 12/19/18	Mon 7/29/19
Design and planning	17 days	Mon 6/24/19	Tue 7/16/19
Sample approval of the project plan	12 days	Mon 6/24/19	Tue 7/16/19
Contract execution	11 days	Wed 12/19/18	Wed 1/2/19
Perform a phase review	9 days	Wed 7/17/19	Mon 7/29/19
Project procurement phase	13 days	Thu 1/3/19	Mon 1/21/19
Subcontractor bid and interview period	6 days	Thu 1/3/19	Thu 1/10/19
Recommendation and approval from the subcontractors	6 days	Thu 1/3/19	Thu 1/10/19
Other materials procurement	7 days	Thu 1/10/19	Mon 1/21/19
Planning phase	140 days	Tue 1/22/19	Mon 8/5/19
Approval of the project plan	140 days	Tue 1/22/19	Mon 8/5/19
Draft of design documents and drawings	5 days	Tue 1/22/19	Mon 1/28/19
Collaboration of trade partners to achieve the project goals	9 days	Tue 1/29/19	Fri 2/8/19
Providing alignment of cost, scope and duration	13 days	Fri 1/25/19	Mon 8/5/19
Execution phase	100 days	Fri 1/11/19	Thu 5/30/19
Execute the redevelopment plan based on comprehensive plan	91 days	Fri 1/11/19	Fri 5/17/19
Develop of project deliverables to satisfy the customers	11 days	Fri 1/11/19	Fri 1/25/19
Assign the team members	16 days	Mon 1/28/19	Tue 4/9/19
Allocate the resources	17 days	Wed 4/10/19	Fri 5/17/19
Execute of project management plan	11 days	Mon 2/11/19	Mon 2/25/19
Conduct a status meetings	9 days	Fri 5/17/19	Thu 5/30/19
Updating the project schedule	12 days	Mon 2/25/19	Wed 3/13/19
Modification in project plan	11 days	Thu 3/14/19	Thu 3/28/19
Design phase	62 days	Fri 3/29/19	Mon 6/24/19
Architectural detail modelling	24 days	Fri 3/29/19	Wed 5/1/19
Redevelop the design of the bridge station	19 days	Fri 3/29/19	Wed 5/1/19
Preliminary design of the station	22 days	Mon 5/20/19	Mon 6/24/19
Site work phase	74 days	Thu 5/2/19	Tue 8/13/19
Clear the site	74 days	Thu 5/2/19	Tue 8/13/19
Form the foundations	17 days	Thu 5/2/19	Mon 5/27/19
Utilities of the foundation	10 days	Tue 6/25/19	Tue 8/13/19
Construction phase	75 days	Tue 2/26/19	Mon 6/10/19
Mobilization	16 days	Tue 2/26/19	Thu 4/18/19
Rough framing	5 days	Thu 3/14/19	Wed 3/20/19
Structural repair	8 days	Fri 4/19/19	Tue 4/30/19
Inspection of the plan	10 days	Tue 5/28/19	Mon 6/10/19
Substantial completion	6 days	Tue 5/28/19	Mon 6/10/19
Monitoring and controlling phase	58 days	Tue 4/30/19	Fri 7/19/19
Track the project progress	58 days	Tue 4/30/19	Fri 7/19/19
Analyze key performance indicators on cost, time and quality	10 days	Tue 4/30/19	Fri 7/19/19
Calculation of KPI to track the project work	16 days	Wed 5/1/19	Tue 6/4/19
Closing phase	27 days	Wed 6/5/19	Thu 7/11/19
Execute the project deliverables	23 days	Wed 6/5/19	Fri 7/5/19
Determine the project issues	9 days	Tue 6/11/19	Mon 7/1/19
Recognize the valuable project team	12 days	Wed 6/5/19	Fri 7/5/19
Perform a lessons learned	8 days	Mon 7/1/19	Thu 7/11/19

Scope Compromise

Figure 3: Gantt chart

(Source: Created by author)

Risk management

Risk management has significance in monitoring as well as controlling the project. Risk management is an approach in which it can explore recognition, analysis as well as mitigate of risks which can affect the project. It is considered as important part of the project management which leads to success of the project. The risk is an uncertain event as well as condition which can affect the project. Glendon and Clarke (2015) stated that the risk mitigation technique is based on nature of the project risk which are faced by the project team, therefore it is developed as an action plan to fight against the project risks. Wolke (2017) argued that the risk management is essence of the project management. It can cause an increase in success up of the project risks at great extent (Lam 2014). Following risk management table shows the possible risks in the redevelopment plan of London Bridge Station:

Risk	Details	Impact	Probability	Risk level	Contingency
Operation risk	Poor record of the project completion due to cost and schedule	Moderate	Likely	Medium	Before staring the project work as per project goal, the project manager should conduct a schedule and cost management plan.
Safety risk	There is poor safety along with occupational record of health. There is lack of protection at the construction site.	Major	Likely	High	A proper protection rules and regulations are implemented in the organization so that the construction site is protected.
Cost risk	There is high return on the funds which are invested	Minor	Moderate	Medium	Proper fund is collected for the project so that the project can complete within estimated cost.
Health and safety risk	There is pressure on the health as well as safety provision.	Major	Moderate	Medium	The organization should implement safety rules and regulations based on construction work requirements.
Human resource risk	There is inexperienced workforce along with staff turnover	Minor	Likely	Medium	The workers should train based on business requirements so that they can handle the project work efficiently.
Design risk	The contractor is failed to carry out the work as per the contract	Moderate	Moderate	Medium	The contractor should schedule the project based on the contract.

From the above identified risks, it is seen that most high risk is safety risk when proper protection is not taken into the construction site. It may cause death of the persons. Other identified risks are medium risk. The risk manager should take proper precautions so that they can overcome with the safety risks (Glendon and Clarke 2015). The organization should implement of safety rules and regulations so that all the workers should follow them to mitigate any physical risks of the workers those are working into the construction site. Following is the risk matrix which shows the impact and likelihood of the identified risks:

		Impact
Probability		Trivial	Minor	Moderate	Major	Extreme
	Rare
	Unlikely
	Moderate		Cost risk	Design risk	Health and safety risk
	Likely		Human resource risk	Operation risk	Safety risk
	Very likely

Table 1: Risk matrix

Prepared by: Project Manager Date: 1/16/2019 Project Name: London Bridge Station redevelopment plan Project Sponsor: Please fill Project Manager: Please fill Project Dates: 7/19/2019 Final Budget: $1,983,200.00

1. Did the project meet scope, time, and cost goals? The project is able to meet with scope, time and cost goals as it is completed within scheduled time and estimated budget. 2. What was the success criteria listed in the project scope statement? The project is succeeding if it will complete on scheduled time and cost. The key successes of this project are to allocate human resources to the project based on their expertise and skills to work in the construction project. 3. Reflect on whether or not you met the project success criteria. I have meet with the project success criteria by analyzing the network diagram. A network diagram is drawn which shows the critical path of the project activities. Gantt chart helps to determine the total duration of project along with its start time and date. The major outputs of this project are improving the communication among the team members so that cost estimation and project scheduling would be done properly.   4. In terms of managing the project, what were the main lessons your team learned? · It is recommended to improve the communication process among the project manager and project stakeholders. · It is required to allocate all the project tasks to the resources based on their expertise plus skills. · It is easier to replicate the project success in the project context by schedule the entire project plan effectively and properly. · The mistakes are avoided by proper planning and developing the project so that it can meet with business requirements, project objectives and goals. · It is recommended to implement WBS which shows the hierarchical decomposition of the project activities and planned to complete the project work. · It is recommended to implement a risk management plan to overcome with the project issues and take proper mitigation strategies to mitigate those. 5. Describe one example of what went right on this project. The project is based on redevelopment plan of the London Bridge Station. In this project, the bridge station is redeveloped so that it can analyze the entire plan. In this project, the identified project risks are operation risk, design risk, safety risk, health and safety risk, cost risk and human resource risk. Those are challenges which are faced at middle of the project. 6. Describe one example of what went wrong on this project. The main shortcoming is the safety risk which cause physical damage to the human resources. Therefore, the risk manager is required to implement safety rules and regulations to overcome with the issues. In this project plan, required changes are to be schedule the project properly and communicate with the project team members. It is required so that all the project challenges are mitigated and the project plan will get success. 7. What will you do differently on the next project based on your experience working on this project? Based on the final project review, the project manager takes decisions to complete the project on time and within estimated cost so that the project will get success.

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