Essay: Research Methodology And Technique - A Comprehensive Study.

Discuss about the Research Methodology And Technique.

The research methodology is very important to conduct a research. This chapter evidently describes the research methods used to conduct the study. The research methodology is the procedure that is used to gather data and information for making business decisions. Research methodology permits to considerate of a range of methods used in the research. It may comprise interviews, journal research, surveys and other research techniques (Fletcher, 2016). It may embrace both chronological and current information. Hence, research methodology refers to the method or procedure that makes easy to carry out the research in a prearranged and organized approach. Therefore, research method can be described as a process for research that is very well organized.

The general approach had been identified in the research method section. Here, in the research method section, the reason had been discussed why the method had been selected. Research method also described the sampling technique, the characteristics of the sample and the population. Research method also illustrated how the data was collected. Limitation and ethical issues during data collection had been discussed here. Various methods had been used for this research. They are discussed below.

Qualitative research method was applied to carry out the research. Qualitative research is considered by its objectives, which is connected to accepting some feature of communal life. Words rather than figures are used as information for investigation in the qualitative method. On the other hand, quantitative research method is used in some other research. The objectives and methods of qualitative research can be inaccurate. Samples used in a quantitative research may be small. The samples may not be envoy of the broader population. Hence, it is difficult to know how far the results can be generalized (Roulston, 2017). The findings of quantitative research can be short of rigidity. It is also complicated to inform whether the findings are biased by the individual judgment of the researcher. The most suitable and exact way of responding qualitative queries is to utilize qualitative methods. It is better to start with qualitative methods because there is a little knowledge about the situation. It is used to provide answer to the questions about “why”, “what” and “how” of the occurrence. Smaller sample size can be used in a qualitative research. Thus, costs of conducting research will be saved. Qualitative research is used to complete the research quickly. The open-ended arrangements of qualitative study make it achievable to obtain under surface responses and reasonable opinion to collect information from the arousing response of an individual. Hence, qualitative method was adopted to evaluate the subject materials with details.

Methodology

Population: All members of the defined group are included in population. Information is taken from the population. Only one manager was chosen to conduct the study. Hence, the population size was 1. Due to the lack of time, only one manager was interviewed. It also helped the interviewer to get the opinion in depth from an interviewee. Population size was taken as one to get a high return rate. It helped to avoid the incomplete answers. Reality could be involved. The method of interviewing became relatively flexible when the population size is less. It also helped to control the order of answering.

Sample: Sample is the subset of a population. Qualitative research does not effort to obtain envoy samples. It is very important to select the type of qualitative research while choosing the size of the sample. Hence, samples in the qualitative research were the precise set of employees observed or interviewed for the study, the impact of recognition on the employee satisfaction. Hence, the sample size was one.

The objective of a qualitative research was to present in detail considerate. Hence, an explicit group, type of individuals, process were identified in this research method. Qualitative study focuses on criterion-based sampling techniques to attain the objective group. There are three types of qualitative samplings such as “quota sampling”, “purposeful sampling” and “snowball sampling”.

Quota Sampling Quotes of participants are predetermined before sampling in quota sampling. Data is collected from a number of participants that met certain characteristics.

Snowball sampling Participants refer other people who are able to contribute in the study. This method helps researchers to discover and engage participants that are tough to achieve.

Purposeful sampling Purposive sampling is a non-probability sampling. It is widely used in qualitative research. It is used for identification and selection of information-rich cases related to the phenomenon of interest.

Purposive sampling technique was used to conduct the research. Only one people had been used as primary data due to the nature of the research design. Hence, purposive sampling was used as an effective method. Personal judgement was used to choose cases that helped to answer the research questions.

Data collection is defined as a procedure of collecting information. There are several process of data collection. Data can be collected through interviews, observations, focus groups, ethnographies, case studies, questionnaires and surveys. Here, data had been collected through interview to conduct the research. An interview was conducted with the manager of a particular Hotel in Australia. The data was collected based on interview (Hammersley, 2017). No secondary data had been collected for this research purpose. It was claimed that secondary data would provide a huge amount of information but quantify would not be identical of suitability. The secondary data was inappropriate for this research because the data was used previously to answer the other stated research questions. It was supposed that the data was collected many years ago. Hence, the researcher did not take the risk of secondary data. The aim of research was to study the particular area. The researcher assumed that he would get secondary data of a vast area instead of the particular area. The validity of the secondary data was also questionable. Hence, interview was taken as a method of data collection. Another reason was lack of control over the quality of data. The secondary data was unavailable and inaccessible.  The relevant secondary data was not available. It was assumed that the secondary data was biased.

Population, Sampling technique, Population sample

It is to be noted that data analysis has a major impact on results and findings of the research. It is mainly depended on the model of the research. Data analysis is executed after gathering the information. It was very essential to get answer of the proposed research questions. It was also very important to draw valid inferences from the collected data. Thus, Qualitative research method had been adopted. Open coding and axial coding were used to analyse the data. The collected data was read many times. Then, cautious labels for chunks of data were created. It helped to summarize. Thus, It was important to see what was happening. Words of the manager were recorded. It was necessary to look for different concepts and categories in the data. Thus, the fundamental units of the analysis were formed (Spradley, 2003). The data was broken down into first level concepts and second level categories. Different coloured highlights were used to distinguish each broad concept and category. Hence, transcripts with some different colours were highlighted so many times. Those were transferred into a concise delineate. Concepts were main headings and categories were subheadings. Axial coding was done to identify the relation among open codes (Patton, 2002). It was used to confirm that the concepts and categories of the researcher properly represented the responses of the interview. It was also helpful to discover how concepts and the categories were relevant. Axial coding was done to see what were the related effects or penalties. Finally, the categories and concepts were arranged in a table format. The major categories and concepts were listed in the table. Then, they were explained after the table. This was a very effective way to systematize the discussions and results in the research paper.

There were some ethical issues at the time of conducting the interview. The following steps were taken to overcome these ethical issues. The procedures for interviews were laid out in writing. It was clearly explained to the manager of the selected hotel before proceeding the interview. It was very important to choose the location of interview. The interviewee was provided alternative locations (Lloyd, 2015). It was seen that the interviewee was happy with the location. It was very important for the interviewer to be aware of own safety issues during the interview. Hence, the contact details of place visited on the day of interview were provided to a friend. The most important concern was the confidentiality. It was important to take permission of the interviewee before publishing his name.  He was assured that his name would not be published. Acquiesce of the interviewee was taken in writing. The permission was given explicitly. Hence, it was eligible to be published as a public resource.

Data Collection

There were some limitations in the conducted research. The research was open-ended. Hence, the participant had more control over the content of the gathered data. Therefore, the researcher was unable to authenticate the results without prejudice against the sceneries fixed by the respondent. Well-experienced researchers were required to conduct the research. It was assumed that different conclusions would be obtained (Edwards, 2017). The personal trait of the researcher was also responsible for several conclusions based on the same information. It was very tough to examine causality between different research phenomenon. It was difficult to explain the quantity and quality of information collected from the selected manager. The research was based on the judgement. There was no method to analyse the data mathematically. It was also believed that the result would differ if the manager was chosen from any other hotel of Australia.

Conclusion

The research had focussed on recognition and the impact of recognition on employee satisfaction. This was the important chapter of the research. In this chapter, the researcher had discussed about the adopted research methodology. It was very important to design the research method. The researcher had chosen the qualitative method to analyse the data. Interview method was used to collect the data. The researcher did not rely on secondary data due to some reasons. 15 questions were asked to a manager of a particular hotel of Australia. Hence , the population size for this study was 1. Similarly, the sample size was 1. Therefore, purposeful sampling technique was adopted. Open coding and axial coding were used to analyse the data. There were some ethical issues. The researcher had overcome these ethical considerations. Confidentiality was the main ethical consideration. There were some limitations. Due to these limitations, the result or the interpretation of the research was not so trustworthy. In the next chapter, the result of the analysis had been discussed. Future scope for the study had been also discussed in the next chapters.

References

Edwards, R. & Brannelly, T. (2017). Approaches to democratising qualitative research methods. Qualitative Research, 17(3), pp.271-277.    

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1468794117706869

Fletcher, A. (2016). Applying critical realism in qualitative research: methodology meets method. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 20(2), pp.181-194.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13645579.2016.1144401

Hammersley, M. (2017). Interview data: a qualified defence against the radical critique. Qualitative Research, 17(2), pp.173-186.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1468794116671988

Lloyd, J. and Hopkins, P. (2015). Using interviews to research body size: methodological and ethical considerations. Area, 47(3), pp.305-310.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/area.12199

Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (Vol. 3). Thousand Oaks, C.A.: Sage Publications.

https://www.worldcat.org/title/qualitative-research-and-evaluation-methods/oclc/47844738

Roulston, K. (2017). Qualitative interviewing and epistemics. Qualitative Research, p.146879411772173.

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1468794117721738

Spradley, J. P. (2003). Qualitative Approaches to Criminal Justice: Perspectives from the Field. Thousand Oaks, C.A.: Sage Publications.

https://www.worldcat.org/title/qualitative-approaches-to-criminal-justice-perspectives-from-the-field/oclc/49871418