Essay: Motivation And Leadership For Organizational Change - Case Studies Of Starbucks, Microsoft, And IKEA.

Motivation Strategies for Driving Change

According to Rosiana (2021), Change is a necessary thing in the perspective of an organisation to know about how the dynamics are working. Change can produce two realities either it will be positive or it will be negative. According to Rahardjo et al., (2019) state that motivation can be created by developing changes in an organisation and according to McClelland’s Theory of motivation state employees' needs is divided into three categories Achievement, Affiliation and Power. Strongly motivated employees can drive change within the organisation. The Equity theory state that employees will be motivated when they have a feeling of being treated fairly optimizing the performance of employees to bring change in the organisation. In Starbucks company motivation and teamwork are applied through equity theory where managers have to treat employees like partners. Starbucks company management differentiates itself from other countries in driving change through motivation where senior management and employees would co-work with other despite the level of status to provide employees with proper motivation so that they can work effectively and build strong work culture (Cao and Qiu, 2021). Starbucks also used Maslow's Hierarchy of needs to meet the demand of employees providing support and training as well as compensation and psychologically maintaining the dignity of the employees. (McWilliams, 2012). 

References

Cao, J. and Qiu, R., 2021. Retail coffee business analysis and industry development research based on Starbucks business model. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 292, p. 03030). EDP Sciences.

McWilliams, W., 2012. MGMT (2010-2012 edition). Mason, USA: South-Western Cengage Learning

Rahardjo, B., Hasbullah, R. and Taqi, F.M., 2019. Coffee shop business model analysis. Integrated Journal of Business and Economics, 3(2), p.140.

Rosiana, A., 2021. the discourse of organization change at the perspective of david mc clelland’s achievement motivation theory. international journal of multi science, 2(06), pp.56-62.

According to Iansiti and Lakhani (2020), strategic leadership refers to a leader's vision that can bring strategical decisions within the organisation and also motivate and persuade others to acquire the same vision. Leadership built both organisational capability and culture to execute the strategy informal way. According to Kurzhals et al., (2020)  strategic leadership can be built within the organization through effective communication and interaction of CEOs with employees with creative implementation of plans and operational leadership give rise to the firm’s innovation quantity. According to Dudovskiy (2019), Microsoft has gained a master's in implanting Leadership to build strategy by focusing on organisational culture by learn-it-all method for employees to gain knowledge and building regular coordination of efforts across different groups and departments as a part of bringing transformational leadership quality, to inspire each employee to innovate and create discoveries for the organisation. Microsoft has focused on innovation change through transformational leadership where the company motivates employees through implanting new AI tools that can help them to improve their daily task efficiency more efficiently. Google also has adopted leadership in promoting employees to have better communication with each other so that healthy relationships and mental pressure related to work can be released (Buschow and Suhr, 2022).

Leadership Approaches for Successful Change Management

References

Buschow, C. and Suhr, M., 2022. Change management and new organizational forms of content creation. In Media and change management (pp. 381-397). Springer, Cham.

Dudovskiy, J., 2022. John Dudovskiy, Author at Research-Methodology - Page 15 of 85. [online] Research-Methodology. Available at: <https://research-methodology.net/author/admin/page/15/> [Accessed 24 March 2022].

Iansiti, M. and Lakhani, K.R., 2020. Competing in the age of AI: strategy and leadership when algorithms and networks run the world. Harvard Business Press.

Kurzhals, C., Graf?Vlachy, L. and König, A., 2020. Strategic leadership and technological innovation: A comprehensive review and research agenda. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 28(6), pp.437-464.

According to Doval (2016), changes in the international environment makes the current managers adopt several strategies not only to reduce the forces against change but also to provide organisational success at the international and global level. According to Schultz and Kitchen (2000), integrated communication is used as a strategy by an organisation that helps in realising the dynamics of a potential customer and buyers' voice within a global context. The innovation is created by the organisations to cater to more customer segments and also bring changes in efficiency in products and services. Specifically talking about IKEA, the company is changing its online segment through constant innovation of AI visualization in the online segment helping customers to buy the perfect furniture for their room. The company is also restructuring its business model to Flat Packing in a global context to serve customers with products of high quality at low cost with an immersive design that can be self-assembled easily to lower transportation costs (Hagberg and Jonsson, 2022). According to Wu and Zhou (2021), Netflix has applied a strategy for change providing customers in different countries to watch different movies and showing content in localized language to increase the brand value proposition to customers addressing different cultures.

References

Doval, E., 2022. [online] Available at: <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319228483_CHANGE_MANAGEMENT_STRATEGIES_RELATED_TO_THE_GLOBAL_ENVIRONMENT_COMPLEXITY> [Accessed 24 March 2022].

Hagberg, J. and Jonsson, A., 2022. Exploring digitalisation at IKEA. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management.

Schultz, D.E. and Kitchen, P.J., 2000. Communicating globally. McGraw Hill Professional.

Wu, X. and Zhou, J., 2021. The Influential Factors of Developing Better in the Global Stream Media Market: An Analysis of Netflix.

According to Chidiac (2018), Organisational change can be measured by companies changing their affairs from one to another. The change can be in the form of strategy, policies, technology and culture. On the other hand, Organisational development stated by Andriani et al., (2019) is a long-term approach of the organisation to improve practices, processes and strategies. Organisational development provides a systematic approach to change. Considering the change initiated by organisations for short-term effect can provide a massive development in organisational culture. For example, Walmart has introduced digital transformation programs as a development plan to transform the customer service for long-term digital transformation efforts (Zhang, Lyu and Liu, 2021). According to Delaini (2019), Microsoft has to improve its tracking of sales and operations through the development of the new tool with effective change management effort. Microsoft has introduced MSX insights a business intelligence reporting solution enabling the company to bring development in the old system and reduce the cost of automation at the same time providing a change in operations of Microsoft departments including salespeople, managers, company leaders and finance teams to collect and implement data through single version solution of MXSI meeting the requirements of users across the eco-system (Soni et al., 2019).

References

Andriani, M., Samadhi, T.A., Siswanto, J. and Suryadi, K., 2019. Knowledge management strategy: an organisational development approach. Business process management journal.

Chidiac, M.A., 2018. Relational Organisational gestalt: An emergent approach to organisational development. Routledge.

Delaini, S., 2022. How Microsoft used change management best practices to launch a new business intelligence platform - Inside Track Blog. [online] Inside Track Blog. Available at: <https://www.microsoft.com/insidetrack/blog/how-microsoft-used-change-management-best-practices-to-launch-a-new-business-intelligence-platform/> [Accessed 24 March 2022].

Soni, N., Sharma, E.K., Singh, N. and Kapoor, A., 2019. Impact of artificial intelligence on businesses: from research, innovation, market deployment to future shifts in business models. arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.02092.

Zhang, Y., Lyu, Y. and Liu, J., 2021. WalMart's Journey to Digital Transformation. Frontiers in Economics and Management, 2(4), pp.44-52.

According to Pop (2018), Planned Change is the process of preparing the entire organisation for achieving a significant goal or processing them towards a new direction and vision. According to Muldoon (2020), Kurt Lewin's Theory is used in by most organisations for planned change. The model consists of three stages unfreezing, changing and refreezing depicting the willingness to change, changing the willingness to implement and after implementation of change returning to a stable stage. According to Emecq ( 2018), Unplanned change is the process of introduction of plans by any organisation in response to internal and external factors. This change takes place by the organisation to meet performance gaps and economic uncertainties. Planned change is better than unplanned change as unplanned change occurs in a specific situation or crisis but planned change is occurred to bring structural and system change in the organization. For example, in 2004 Lego decided to completely change its strategy by focusing on its core products. The company also planned to expand into other marketplaces breaking into different segments like video games, movies, figures and more. By successfully planning to overhaul its strategy Lego was able to bring back its performance becoming one of the most powerful brands in the globe (Sommer, 2019). 

References

Ernecq, J.M., 2018. Planned and unplanned organizational change: Consequences and implications. In Organizational Change and Innovation (pp. 276-287). Routledge.

Muldoon, J., 2020. Kurt Lewin: Organizational Change. The Palgrave Handbook of Management History, pp.615-632.

Pop, O., 2022. Planned Change Management and Why You Should Care. [online] Blog.hypeinnovation.com. Available at: <https://blog.hypeinnovation.com/planned-change-management#:~:text=Planned%20change%20is%20the%20process,or%20any%20other%20related%20aspects.> [Accessed 24 March 2022].

Sommer, A.F., 2019. Agile Transformation at LEGO Group: Implementing Agile methods in multiple departments changed not only processes but also employees’ behavior and mindset. Research-Technology Management, 62(5), pp.20-29.