Automated Car Parking System For Collins Parking In Melbourne CBD Essay.

Functional/Non-Functional Requirement of the Parking System

Collin’s Parking operates twenty car parks in Melbourne CBD. The city administrationhas a requirement for a new and innovative system to control its car parks. The new system should therefore be capableto handle theday-to-day operation of each car park, which include: generate tickets (i.e. daily, weekly, monthly, and annual), accept tickets, handle payments, controlboom gates, record problems in a log book, and manage security. Detailed information on some aspects of the Collin’s Parking car parking system is listed below. Types of customers There are two types of customers:

ordinary customers, who pay every time whenever they use the car park; and fixed customers, who pay a fixed amount in advance to park their vehicles for week(s), month(s) and year in a specific car park. It is compulsory that a fixed customer can only park their vehicles in the designated spaces which are not available to ordinary customers. Tickets generation Depending on the type of user, the following types of tickets can be generated:

(1) afixed ticket is issued to a namedindividual or company, and the contact details (i.e. name, mobile number, residential address and emergency details) is recorded. These tickets could be issued for week(s), month(s) and year with a certain expiry date. However, an ordinary ticket is issued for a short term (i.e. daily for few hours or a complete day) stay at the car park. Parking fees Parking fees need to be calculated by using the following mechanism. Fixed customer 1 week 50 AUD 2 weeks 95 AUD 1 month 150 AUD 3 months 350 AUD 6 months 575 AUD 12 months 800 AUD Ordinary customer Early bird (during weekday’s midnight to 10 AM) 

5 AUD per hour Normal rate (during weekdays 10 AM to midnight) 5 AUD per hour Early bird (during weekend’s midnight to 10 AM) 5 AUD per hour Normal rate (during weekend’s 10 AM to midnight) 10 AUD per hour Mode of payment Payment at car park can only be made throughCard (Master / VISA / DEBT) or Cash (50c, 1$, 2$, 5$, 10$, 20$, 50$) Access to the Car Park When a car approaches an entry barrier, its presence is detected by a sensor under the roadsurface, and a ‘Press Button’ display is flashed on the control pillar. The ordinary customer must press a button on the control pillar, and a ticket is printed andissued. The ticket must be printed within five seconds. A ‘Take Ticket’ display is flashed onthe control pillar. When the customer pulls the ticket from the control pillar, the barrier is raised.If the car park is full, no ticket is issued, and a ‘Full’ display is flashed onthe control pillar. The fixed ticket holder does not press the button, but insert their fixed ticket into aslot on the control pillar.

A check is made that the ticket is valid for this car park andhas not expired. If all these checks are passed, then thebarrier is raised. The checks must take no longer than five seconds. A record is made of thetime of entry. Exit the Car Park Fixed ticket holders do not have to go to the pay station, when they are ready to leave thecar park, they go to the exit and insert their ticket into a slot on the exit barrier controlpillar. The barrier is raised and a record is made of the time at which the ticket holderleft. Ordinary ticket holders should go to the payment station to pay for their trip. To do so, theticket is inserted into a slot, the bar code is checked and the fees will be calculated. Upon successful payment, the customer can go to the exit and insert their ticket into a slot on the exit barrier control pillar. The barrier is raised and a record is made of the time at which the ticket holder left.?

Securitymanagement The City administration has a contract with security companies to visit the car parks at regularintervals. The contract specifies the number of visits per day to each car park and theminimum duration of each visit. When a security guard arrives in a car park, he or she puts a card into thecard reader and the date and time of arrival is recorded. When the security guard leaves, heor she puts the card in again, and the departure time is recorded. (This card also allowssecurity guards to enter and leave the car park in the same way as fixed ticket holders.However, this is not used to record the arrival and departure of security guards, as they maynot be able to enter with a vehicle if there is a queue of cars at the barrier.) Note In case of missing information, kindly make suitable assumptions and mention them in your assignment.

The automated car system (ACS) is a mechanical system, which is designed for making the parking system better and minimizing the area of parking system. Collin has car parking system but the system is not automated. The car parking system for Collin should be automated so that the system becomes better and the space for parking is minimized. The Collin parking system now has manual workers who maintains the parking system (Sudha et al., 2014). So, the company wants to make its parking system automated with information system involved in it. The Collin system mainly handles three types of parking that depends particularly on time as well as type of the customer.

The Collin system handles two different types of customer. From which, one type of customer is permanent, one type is fixed and the third type of customer is ordinary. The fixed customers has to pay for their car parking as per their booking time scheduled for one week or can be for one year. The ordinary customers pays their parking for per hour. The car parking system is to be made automated and can generate tickets for their parking system.

1. Functional/Non-Functional Requirement of the Parking System

The functional requirements that are required to make the car parking system includes the work that are performed by the software or the application of the car parking system. Actions that are involved in the software of the car parking system are included in application of the car parking system. The features that the application has are known as the functional requirement of the system (Mustaquim & Nyström, 2015). There are business requirements for making the system are included as functional requirement of the system. All the functional requirements that are used in the parking system are detailed below.

• The employees that are included with the system manages their profile in the system.
• The account of the guest are also to be maintained by the employees of the car parking system.
• There are fixed places allocated for the fixed customers with respect to their booking time and the places are kept fixed for those customers.
• The customers who are ordinary searches places for parking in the parking space for keeping the cars (Anderson, Obayi & Okafor, 2017).
• The total time that the customers will park their cars will have to be entered by the customers and the amount is calculated as per hour.
• The tickets that are generated for parking are to be swiped by the customer at the parking gate for exiting the parking slot.
• For opening the gate, the tickets are swiped.
• The driver of the car can view the space that are empty on the app of the car parking system.
• The car parking system has a management team who manages all the system of the car parking (Kannadasan et al., 2016). The management teams looks on the factor that all function works properly in the system.
• The management team can cancel a particular ticket of booking or can update the customer with the booking update for the parking.
• For confirming the parking details, the management team sends SMS to the customer for the confirmation of the parking space.
• The employees who are responsible for looking after the parking details, looks after whether the cars are parked properly or not. The management user manages the system properly.
• The checkout for the vehicles are also registered by the user management.

The non-functional requirements that are included in the system is the properties that the system involves. The work type or the character type that are involved with the system are included in the non-functional requirement of the car parking system (Pham et al., 2015). The experience of the user while using the car parking system are stated as the non-functional requirements of the car parking system. The non-functional requirement of the system are functions that makes the system fast, reliable, as well as makes the software attractive. The characteristics and the qualities that the system possesses are defined as the non-functional requirement of the system. All the non-functional requirement of the car parking system are stated below.

• The customers check empty space for parking in the parking space to keep their cars.
• The customers are to communicate properly with customer for making the parking is the parking system (Valacich, George & Hoffer, 2014).
• There is a network that connects all the system internally. The communication cost for the system network is actually high and the cost actually depends on the network that is used by the car parking system.
• There is to be a proper data structure for establishing a data storage in the system of the software.
• The interface that is to be used in between the user and the system is to be good enough for proper communication.
• There are some hardware requirements for the system to establish a car parking system. The hardware requirements are likely to be ticket vending machines for the parking tickets, automated gates, loops, ticket readers, and controlling units.
• The gate is an automated gate and it should be locked within 20 seconds after the ticket reader has read the ticket (Alam, 2017). Within that time the car has to take the exit.
• The ticket machine should generate the ticket within 3 sec after pressing the ticket generate button.
• The lock of the gate is to be auto locked after 5 seconds immediately after the car has leaved.
• There should be space of entering only one car at a time at the gate.
• The driver can drive the car in if and only if there is space of parking in the parking area. If there is no space, the gate will not open.

2. Use Case Diagram for the Parking System                                                                         Figure 1: Use Case Diagram

                                                                    (Source: Created by Author in Visio)

Use Case Diagram for the Parking System

In this use case, the subsystem that is chosen for the further analysis is for the registered users. The registered users has many use case that defines the work of the registered users in the system of car parking. There sub-systems that are chosen from the above mentioned use case is Login, Booking Space, Make payment use case. The sequence diagram of these use cases are described below showing the details of the working that are performed.

Login Sequence Diagram

                                                                    Figure 2: Sequence Diagram for Login

                                                                         (Source: Created by User)

In the Login Details, the user first visits the main page of the car parking system. In the first page the registered user have to put in the details of the user that includes the user name and the password. After putting in the user details in the login screen, the user validation is done. The entered data is sent to the data base for validation. If the credentials matches the database, the result is reverted back to the user. The user gets a message about whether the details is valid or not. The user needs to click the login button for checking the validation. If the data is valid, then the user is directed to the booking space page, and if the details does not match the database, the user is again asked to put in the details.

Booking Space Sequence Diagram

                                                          Figure 3: Sequence Diagram for Booking Space

                                                                            (Source: Created by User)

For checking the booking space details, from the main page the customer will have to check for space in the parking area whether there is space or not. If there is availability of space, then the request will be directed to the technician who is involved with the system. The technician enquiries whether the space is available and the parking is possible or not. If the space is ok for parking, then the customer gets a message that the space is allocated to the user. And if there is no space available, then the user is prompted with a message that choose another space for parking. The customer will get the alert on the display which he is using for booking.

Login Sequence Diagram

Make Payment Sequence Diagram

                                                    Figure 4: Sequence Diagram for Payment Details

                                                                  (Source: Created by User)

After confirming the space by the technician, the user is redirected to the payment details page. In the payment page, the user have to select the mode of payment. The user can choose option from debit card, credit card, as well as net banking facility from the option. After entering the card detail, the details is forwarded to the bank database. If the input details of the bank is correct, then the total amount of money is deducted from the bank. The status of the bank account and a message for successful payment is redirected to the customer. If the data entered is not correct, then the user gets a massage that the payment is not successful and requests to try again.

Conclusion

From this report it can be concluded that there are many information system present to make the car parking of Collin fully automated. There are functional requirements as well as non- functional requirements that are required for the car parking system of Collin that were explained in this report. From all the uses cases in the use case diagram, the subsystem of the registered user is chosen for carrying out further analysis. The registered users shows many use case that defines the work of the registered users in the system of car parking. From there sub-systems that are chosen from the use case is Login, Booking Space, Make payment use case. The sequence diagram of these use cases are explained in this report in details.

References

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