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Key Legislation and Legal Advice for New Start-Up CompaniesIn UK, the principal source of law includes the statutes, which are the legislations or the acts of the parliament; the common law, which are the laws which have been made through the principles which have been established in the cases over time; and the laws of the European Union, in context of the treaties and the directives issued (In Brief, 2017). The secondary sources of laws are ...
Security for CostsArbitration refers to the process through which disputing parties submit their positions and evidence thereto to a neutral party to make a determination on the said dispute. In this process, it is the parties themselves who chose an independent and neutral person to resolve their dispute. Submission to arbitration must be contained in the contract agreement as an anticipatory method of resolving any conflict that might arise i...
Issue 1: Authority of Directors in Relation to Bonus Shares and Shareholders' Rights to Oppose the DecisionThe purpose of this paper is to throw light upon the limitations and duties of the directors in relation to the issue of bonus shares and dividends to shareholders. The assignment also discussed the consequences of a second strike which the shareholders may initiate if they do not agree with the remuneration report. The discussion is done...
Secondary Rules in Hart's Legal SystemThe dissatisfaction shown by the young member of the tribe made provision for the following proposal. The tribe agrees to oblige under the following: They should act in accordance to the welfare of the tribe The decisions made by the tribe should not be partial in nature Election should take place for the appointment of the group of people who would enforce the decisions made by the eldest tribe membe...
Strengths of ASEANASEAN is a group of ten countries which consist of Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Brunei, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. The main object of ASEAN integration is to promote economic growth, political progress, and cultural development and maintain good relations among different countries. It was formed in august 8, 1967 with the sign of Bangkok declaration. Asian has signed six free trade agreements...
Ethical and Socio-technical Challenges of ICT professionalsCyber crime is also known as computer related crime. In layman’s language, it refers to the crime that takes place using a computer system and a network. It involves the criminal activities that are carried out against individuals or multiple individuals with the intention to cause damage to the reputation of the victim so that he or she will suffer from harm which may be psycholog...
How to calculate net capital gain or loss?1. In the given case, Eric has acquired certain assets in the last 12 months. The assets that has been acquired by Eric in the last 12 months has been sold by him during the same here. The assets acquired by Eric include painting, antique chairs, antique vase, shares in the listed companies and a home sound system. In the below working file, the capital gain and loss has been computed using the purcha...
Introducing and enforcing the rules of the constitution with Hart analysisDeveloping the rules is the need for the functioning of the daily life in a tribe there are various kinds of persons present in a tribe. The rules and regulations are introduced for the benefits of all the members present in the tribe although there are certain decisions which are favoring the majority having powers in hand. According to Hart’s law is moral respons...
Inherent, Control, and Detection RisksSince a business is vulnerable to various risks, the role of auditors can be very helpful in detecting and mitigating such risks. Furthermore, it also assists in attaining a true and fair view of the company. Moreover, an auditor also assists in minimizing the likelihood of errors and frauds by verification and vouching methods. For such purpose, it is relevant that the company attains a qualified opinion. N...
Need for Good Quality Highway Construction in MyanmarThe construction of highway is one of the most basic need of infrastructure for country development. We need to transport our goods, products and services to reach as fast as possible. Therefore, the construction of highway project must be the essential need of transportation and economic development for a country. With an expansion in Myanmar’s population growth, the rate of urbaniza...
Legal requirements for a valid contractWhether there is any valid contract between Sam and Josie? For valid contract both offer and acceptance is equally important. Offer is considered as a promise to do something if another person to whom offer is directed does something. Whereas, acceptance is considered as statement given by the offeree for the purpose of agreeing to the offer and it must be noted that only that person can accept the offe...
The Key Elements of Contract FormationThe key issue in this case revolves around the liability of breach of contract of Airbus towards Qantas and the validity of the exclusion clause. The best manner of defining a contract is an agreement having legal validity where the parties made a promise to pay consideration and carry out the contractual obligation. There are two key ways of forming a contract, i.e., by orally stating the terms creatin...
Carbon taxIn the era of twenty-first centuries, the businesses are growing like mushrooms all over the world. There is not any doubt that the world economy is getting high benefits from this large number of businesses, but there are major negative consequences of these businesses. One of the major negative effects is that the environment is getting highly affected with these businesses (Abdullah and Morley 2014). This threat on the environment...
BackgroundAns 1: In this case, it was alleged by the ASIC that the directors of the company have breached their statutory duty mentioned in s180. According to this duty, it is the obligation of the directors to use reasonable care and perform their functions with due diligence when they are making a business decision. However, the ASIC has not pointed out towards the specific conduct of the directors that may amount to the breach of this duty....
Concept of sub-cultures of consumptionConsumer behaviour is one of the important factors that every company need to analyse. The factors that contribute to the buying behaviour of the customers affect the decisions made by an organisation. One such factor includes the culture of the people (Horner and Swarbrooke 2016). The culture followed by an individual defines the choices made by the individuals. The assignment analyses the concept of sub-...
Questions1. In a business country like Australia, there are numerous companies set up to continue their businesses and try to make profit from it. However, with the growing nature of the business, the companies are taken many steps or tricks to evade the tax system and avoid the government norms with an intention to earn money in an illegal way. In recent times, phoenix activities are observed in the society of Australia (Anderson, Hedges, Ramsa...
Question 1 (a)The case study reveals that the main issue here is regarding a valid offer and a valid acceptance being made, which effectively resulted in a valid offer, or whether the offer and acceptance were invalid, so as to render the offer invalid. A contract can be defined as a voluntary arrangement which is enforceable through the law and becomes a binding legal agreement, which takes place between two or more people. The contract la...
Part A Where a person introduces a term to a contract that excludes liability for death and personal injury then the term is: Ans: Void As of 1 October 2015 the Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 and the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracting Regulations 1999 no longer deals with consumers, but which Act replaced it: Ans: Consumer Rights Act 2015 Which of the following is correct: Ans: A condition is a major term of a contract Whi...
Market ValueProperty valuation can be defined as the art of estimating the value of a property for a particular purpose for a particular interest at a particular point of time after considering all the features of the property and taking into account all the economic factors of the market. Valuation of the property involves determining all types of value like investment value, assessed value, market value, insurable value and salvage value. Ho...
The legal system of United KingdomThe law of the United Kingdom has their own legal system which is applicable in different areas like England and Wales, Northern Ireland, and Scotland. The great Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is one of the highest courts in the world. The United Kingdom Parliament, Northern Ireland Assembly, Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales are the different legislatures in the United Kingdom which are...
Accountancy Victoria company overviewAccountancy Victoria is a company, which provides accountancy services and book keeping services to its clients. The company wants to ensure that the business shall maintain all ethical, professional, and legal standards to conduct its business. The company wants to maintain workplace free from all types of harassment and discrimination with the coworkers and provides an appropriate environment to enc...
Identify the IssueThe issue in this case is to evaluate the chances of Coronet Casino with respect to refusing the lease provided to Loire. As per the parole evidence rule when a written contract has been made and all the terms of the negotiation has been documented a party cannot rely on the terms which were discussed during the negotiation and have not been added to the written contract as per the case of Collateral contract are contract...
Whether C&K Scaffolding and Partners are bound for the promise made by one of its partner Cahill? Section 9 of the partnership Act 1963 states the provisions related to power of certain partners to bind the firm. As per this section partner of the firm is considered as the agent of the firm and also of other partners in the firm for the purpose of conducting the business of the firm. This can be understood through case law Watteau v Fen...
Benefits of incorporating a company for expanding olive business1: After analysing the facts of presented in the case, it can be said that Richard and his son can achieve benefits if they seek the assistance of a company in order to expand the business. The benefits available for setting up a company are better if compared to a sole trader or partnership. The assistance and involvement of a company can help in expanding the business. This is s...
Chapter 1Why was equity law developed and how does it operate as part of the common law legal system in Australia? The core reason why equity law was developed in Australia is to provide ‘fairness and good conscious’ which provides fairness in the cases where common law is unable to do so. The way it’s operated a part of the common law legal system in Australia because the equity law provides a much broader context, it prov...
