Essay: Differentiating Between Performance Appraisal Of Individuals And Healthcare System Performance.

Differentiate between performance appraisal of individuals and performance of the health care system.

Identify how health system performance is measured comparing at least three countries with Australian measures. Explain what measures work well/work poorly and why. Make recommendations to address the short comings of measures used.

Performance Appraisal of Individuals and Healthcare System Performance

  An individual performance assessment is an approach which involves the combination of oral and written elements where the management does an evaluation, and feedback is offered to the employee on the performance of the job. These will encompass the channels to make better or to redirect undertakings as required. By documenting the performance of a certain individual within a company, it offers a basis for the increment in pay and also the promotions (Erez et al., 2015). In addition, the individual's appraisals improve their performance as one of the avenues which he/she can get rewarded or even get rewarded for the superb work done by that particular also. They can also serve as the hosts of other duties who will offer a launching point for where re firms can find clarification and also frame the responsibilities in regards to the trends in t business. They also spur reevaluation of the potentially hoary enterprise practices

  Health care performance needs a much comprehensive framework which is meant to define the goals of any healthcare system against the possible outcomes which can be judged and performance quantified. It shows the way which the provisions of the healthcare are made and the amount of money which the health system of a particular country uses. Healthcare performance indicators determine the level of healthcare provision by outlining the weak areas and also the stronger areas of performance (Mannion, 2014). Using GDP is one of the ways which the performance of healthcare is quantified. It is based on the amount of money which each country spends in the provision of health care services. However, the accessibility to the health services forms another measure which determines the way people of a particular country can access the health care services.  The capacity of the healthcare system also can be utilized to measure the performance of healthcare (Jamaludin et al., 2013). It is where the ability of beds, nurses, physician, and doctors are determined in comparison to the population.

  The government of NSW spends lots of money each year on health care even after the concession for the rate of inflation within the country. The proportions of all services and goods within the health care systems in NSW have gone up from 7.8% to 9.3% in the last ten years. For instance, the money which the country spent in 2014 for health care was 18.9%, and in 2009, it spends 9.3% of the GDP. The average amount which each in the country spent was $5478. The heath care providers have a very difficult duty in ensuring that they offer accessible health care to over 25 million people in NSW (Hall& van Gool, 2016).The health care of  NSW is a composite system composed of both private and public sectors that are supported by the multi-facet complex network, nurses, doctors, health care providers and also the health professionals offer essential survives in various levels in the community by the form of hospital-based, primary health care, and emergency treatment.

Performance Appraisal of Individuals

Medicare was started in 1984 to offer subsidized treatment by the medical experts within the country to the patients. Medicare is divided into 3 section, medical, hospital, and pharmaceuticals. However, it is meant to offer free treatment to all patients in the public hospitals in NSW (Sridhar et al., 2015). It also pays the healthcare professionals and also subsidized the cost of the medicine prescribed and listed under the pharmaceutical scheme. Through the schemes is meant to offer free healthcare, it has not accommodated essential services like dental services, ambulance services, podiatry, occupational therapy, speech therapy, physiotherapy and psychology services. Also, the use of medical aids such as the hearing aids, glasses, and other appliances are not accommodated within the scheme forcing the patients to gather them using their money.

Due to the development of different types of chronic diseases, the Medicare plan has faced lots of problems which hinder the way to reform and design the health care system of NSW (Laba, et al., 2015). The Medicare benefits scheme offer a framework of management of many chronic diseases but o the other hand, many programs, and items are sophisticated, subject to incompatibilities and overlapping. To offer patients with optimum chronic disease management needs administrative and clinical knowledge on the GPS part. The amount of time spent on the administrative needs is the time way from the clinical care.

 The United States of America spent more than $2.9 trillion on healthcare in the 2013 fiscal year which is approximate $9255 per individual. The total health spending encompasses public and private payers on healthcare, public health, administrative expenses and health care research. In typical dollars, the national health spending has gone up by 3000 % from the 1970 (Lorenzoni et al 2014) In comparison with NSW, United States of America spends much far on per capita and also the share of the GDP. For instance, the per capita spending in the United States in the year 2012 was approximated at 22 % higher than NSW. The country always spent almost 17% of its GDP on the healthcare services in all private and public sectors as compared to 9.3% of NSW. The United States of America, however, have not been outliers in the 1980s, the health care spending gap in comparison with  NSW widened faster by 10% of the gross domestic product.

 Life expectancy in the United State of America is much lower as compared to that of NSW, but it has not always been the same case. In 190s, the life expectancy at birth was 74 years. But due to improvement of the healthcare systems, it has risen to 79 years much higher to that of NSW which is 75years. In Vietnam, 5.6% of the GDP was used on the healthcare in 2015. This is the lowest proportion as compared to America and also NSW (Fusheini, & Eyles, 2016).  The country also provides 47% coverage of health care to its populations an indication that there is poor performance in healthcare in this country (Revill, 2015). The rate of mortalities is also one of the factors which cause lots of deaths in the United States of America.

Healthcare System Performance Measurement

 One of the notable exemptions is cancer where the country has improved much better due to excellent facilities. In comparison with NSW, United States of America is much ahead due to health policies which have been put in place (Keehan et al., 2015). For instance, the lung cancer incidents have gone down due to the lower rates of smoking. In Vietnam, the mortality rates are very high due to poor health services which are offered within the healthcare. There are few machines which are used to perform cancer therapies thus causing lots of people to die. However, there is the lack of awareness on many lifestyle diseases in Vietnam as compared to NSW. Therefore, many people dies of lung cancer, and even liver cirrhosis did to smoking and alcohol drinking respectively

 The affordability and accessibility of the health care services from an important factor. In NSW, 95% of the population is only covered by the healthcare system by 2012. However, the United States of America only cover 85%of its population by the healthcare insurance. This is, however, are as compared to NSW. On the other hand, Vietnam only covers 60% of its populations with healthcare system indicating poor accessibility to the healthcare in this particular country (Maeda et al., 2014). However, NSW has developed healthcare infrastructures where all people can access to health care system just within 500metres. The United States of America also has got highly developed facilities, and people can access healthcare serves efficiently within the country. Due to the economy crisis in Vietnam, the provision and improvements of healthcare facilities are an issue where people cannot adequately access the health care services within their residents. The capacity of the health care systems also is one of the indicators which can be used to measure the performance of healthcare.  NSW has got health centers with enough beds, more nurses who are skilled in offering better-equipped services to the population and physicians (Willis et al., 2016). The United States also has got nearly the same kind of facilities, but it has fewer hospital beds and physicians.

  The health care performance is a good strategy in determining the way our healthcare can meet the required standards in offering the health services to the people. By using the amount of money which is used in healthcare to determine the performance of healthcare is not an appropriate measure. Some countries offer supper services irrespective of the costs they utilized. It is therefore not advisable to employ these methods because it will depict poor image on other developing countries.  However, some issues such as life expectancy also should not be used because this is the issue which is naturally controlled.

 Conclusion

  Individual performance appraisal and health care performance are different issues. Individual performance appraisal involves the determination of the workability of an individual worker and the recommendations made can assist him or her to get rewards. Measuring of the healthcare performance also forms a systematic approach to identifying the goals of any healthcare system against the possible outcomes which can be judged and performance quantified. However, using an amount of money spent on healthcare in hospitals is not a better way of determining the performance of healthcare due to the fact that some countries offer better services irrespective of what they spent.

References

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Maeda, A., Araujo, E., Cashin, C., Harris, J., Ikegami, N., & Reich, M. R. (2014). UHC Lessons in Health Financing.

Mannion, R. (2014). Take the Money and Run: The Challenges of Designing and Evaluating Financial Incentives in Healthcare; Comment on'Paying for Performance in Healthcare Organisations'. Browser Download This Paper.

Revill, P., Ochalek, J., Lomas, J., Nakamura, R., Woods, B., Rollinger, A., ... & Claxton, K. (2015). Cost-effectiveness thresholds: guiding health care spending for population health improvement.

Sridhar, D., McKee, M., Ooms, G., Beiersmann, C., Friedman, E., Gouda, H., ... & Jahn, A. (2015). Universal health coverage and the right to health: from legal principle to post-2015 indicators. International journal of health services, 45(3), 495-506.

Willis, E., Reynolds, L., & Keleher, H. (Eds.). (2016). Understanding the Australian health care system. Elsevier Health Sciences.