Labour Migration In UAE: Challenges And Prospects Essay.

Write an essay on Labour Migration in UAE.

Labour migration has been the most common and considerable phenomenon in the United Arab Emirates. It has been perceived that most of the GCC countries depend widely on the foreign workers as they believe that the latter have got the skills and talents to ensure their economic stability and success (Cohen, 2006). Over the past four decades it has been overviewed that UAE has undergone severe transformation it is small scale businesses that are mainly oriented with the pearling and fishing sectors with a considerable increase in the country’s GDP level. But there are certain challenges faced by the country with the migration of the labours from other parts of the world.

The principle aim of the paper is to identify and assess the effectiveness of the UAE economy due to the migration of the labour from the other parts of the world. Moreover the paper will also highlight the different challenges faced by the country for bringing labours from other countries.

• To find out how the UAE will provide adequate facilities and good working condition to the labours arriving from foreign countries
• To analyse the challenges and reasons associated with the migration of labour in UAE

• What are the reasons behind UAE economy bringing labours from other countries?
• What are the challenges faced by the UAE economy due to labour migration?
• How can they develop laws for encouraging labour migration in the country?

H0: Labour migration has helped the UAE economy a lot to flourish and prosper all over the world.

H1: Labour migration did not help the UAE economy to flourish and prosper all over the world.

Wide discussion will be made throughout the study focusing upon the reasons behind labour migration in UAE and the challenges associated with it. The entire

In the UAE the high standard of living and economic prosperity and growth and high level of infrastructure is mostly supported by the migrant workers from the different countries the population of the migrant workers is huge in terms of the original population of the country which is 9.2 million among which 7.8 million is migrant population (Buckley, 2005). Thus it can be said that the different parts of the population and the working class is supported by foreign populace which consists of low skills workers and high skills workers in different sectors. Low skilled workers are invited from the different countries like Bangladesh, Pakistan and India who participate in the low skill labour industry and there are also lucrative offers from the education, construction, oil and gas for skilled labour which in many cases is intellectual. The main challenge for the country in question is to provide suitable working conditions for the labour that arrive from other countries (Cohen, 2006).

According to Labour market trends analysis and labour migration from South Asia to Gulf Cooperation Council countries, India and Malaysia (2015) in 1971 there was a system coined as the Kafala sponsorship system which allowed the different private companies in the UAE to hire foreign workers in their workforce without trouble. But the challenge was to provide the safe working environment as the different abuse like the confiscation of the passport and other physical abuse in the case of domestic workers were common in the cases. So there was much protest and hedging by the government which in some cases faced opposition from the citizens as the citizens of the country were not given any advantage in the industry.

Aim of the research

But the challenge has been addressed by the government in recent years and the different practices that were used to dominate and abuse foreign workers were outlawed in recent years and the different parts of the workforce were given some specific advantages that ensured their working environment was safe (Derudder, 2012). Up to this day the majority of the immigrant labours are male and they are employed in the low skills labour sector but in the last few decades the emergence of women in the country as foreign workers has been significant. This growth has been result of the readdressing of the different problems of the system that were previously absent to stop the migrant labour from being abused. The female labours are usually employed in the retail and domestic sector (Kaye, 2001).

Another problem faced by the immigrant labour is the high number of disputes and complaints made by the foreign labour and the employers both so the need for mediation and the laws regarding the contracts and conditions the workers have been put to work in has to be restricted and modified. Thus the immigrant population and their complaints can be reduced by strict monitoring of the situation and legal intervention where necessary (Murawski, 2012). The different parts of the labour population and their needs to be addressed by the country correctly as a huge part of the population of the country UAE is made up of immigrants and lifestyle and progress of the country is based on the work done by the migrant labour so it is clear that the country is in need of the labour and this can be only satisfied is a mutually satisfactory situation can be achieved (Nicolopoulou, 2011).

This is a most effective part of the research project through which the researchers embrace their learning in formulating a broad concept about the various challenges that are faced by UAE in order to bring a huge number of labours from the other countries (Lian, Rahman and Alas, 2011). The researchers will analyse the entire topic and incorporate some research designs and philosophies so as to evaluate the exact outcomes of the research in an effective way.

It is an approach to explore or excavate the various unknown and unidentified facts related to the topic of research. In this research, the researchers has adopted the positivism and realism philosophies for assessing the real and positive data and information regarding the various reasons for which UAE has encouraged labour migration in the country and what all challenges they faced in doing so (Kaye, 2001). Also the challenges and their impact on the UAE economy have also been evaluated by these approaches.

Objectives

For this research study, the researchers have chosen the descriptive research design by which they can deliver fruitful outcomes regarding the investigation of the issues that UAE has faced due to encouraging labour migration. The reasons behind UAE relying on the foreign workers from specially India, Bangladesh and Pakistan have also been broadly refurbished by the researchers through such selected design (Mahmud, 2015).

Qualitative data has been taken by the researchers for emanating the main purpose of the study topic. Data have been collected by referring to different secondary sources such as academic books, journals, websites, etc. for gathering enough knowledge about the topic.

Sampling techniques help the researchers to choose the medium through which the researchers segment the information sources and accumulate adequate information regarding the research topic. Convenient sampling has been chosen by the researchers for this study through which they could select or choose certain relevant books, journals or articles and drew an effective conclusion for the research (Mizanur Rahman, 2012).

It is required to maintain the ethical considerations by the researchers during the execution of the entire research. Proper steps must be followed by them for carrying out the research procedure thoroughly and effectively. Careful analysis must be done for deriving appropriate conclusions to the research.

The entire chapter outlined the stages and processes through which the researchers have undertaken this particular research. A broad narrative has been made regarding the methods and designs that the researchers chose for conducting this particular research.

According to the literature reviewed by the researcher it is clear that the country UAE needs its migrant workforce and the needs is mutual as the jobs offered by the country are attractive and work as a lure to the working class people from the poor countries of Africa, northern America and Asia. The work done by the migrant workforce varies from low skill service sector jobs to high skill jobs in the oil and gas and finance and education sector. Thus the country is highly dependent on the different sectors where the primary workforce comes from foreign countries (Travel smart - work smart, 2015). So this dependency makes the country and the employment system of the country to care for the wellbeing of the foreign workers that is part of the policy changes that have been made in the recent past. So the different attitudes towards the foreign workers and the exploitation of the workers have to stop completely if the country wants to retain the lure of prosperity and keep attracting workers from different countries. Thus the emphasis falls on the adjusting the foreign worker policy of the country according to the changing times and changing needs of the foreign workforce to create a stable and mutually beneficial and satisfactory relationship.

Research questions

Conclusion and Recommendations

The overall study has shed light upon the various issues and challenges faced by UAE in order to encourage labour migration from other countries. It has been perceived that the country has hired employees from basically India, Bangladesh and Pakistan with better wage rate facility which attracted the labours to come and work there (Rahman, 2011). Kafala sponsorship has been hosted in the country for hiring labours. For identifying the reasons behind the migration and assessing the challenges, the researchers have opted for certain methods, approaches and philosophies and referred to various secondary sources so as to gather relevant information about the topic.

Conclusion

The study portrayed that there are various laws imposed by the UAE government behind supporting the labour migration in the country. Due to the huge number of labour migration in Dubai from different other countries, the economy of UAE has developed widely and thus became one of the most popular destinations where labour migrants gained extensive predominance. Yet in spite of that the country is in question whether it can provide suitable working conditions for the labour that arrive from other countries (Mahmud, 2015). Female workers have been abused and thus laws have been passed for catering them with benefits for facilitating them and satisfying their needs. Also the laws must be enhanced and developed more so as to mitigate the complaints and disputes made by the foreign labours and employers.

The researchers must be allotted with adequate time so that they can be able to research more and evaluate the outcomes effectively. It is important to be ethical and comply with all the laws for maintaining authenticity and viability of the study. Proper resources must be implied to the researchers for bridging up the loopholes of the research.

References

Buckley, M. (2005). Building the global Gulf city.

Cohen, R. (2006). Migration and its enemies. Aldershot: Ashgate.

Derudder, B. (2012). International handbook of globalization and world cities. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.

Kaye, M. (2001). Forced labour in the 21st century. London ; Brussels: Anti-Slavery International ; ICFTU.

Labour market trends analysis and labour migration from South Asia to Gulf Cooperation Council countries, India and Malaysia. (2015). Kathmandu: ILO.

Lian, K., Rahman, M. and Alas, Y. (2011). International migration in Southeast Asia.

Mahdavi, P. (2013). “Trafficking” Parenting: Migration, Motherhood, Forced Labor and Deportability in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Middle East Law and Governance, 5(1-2), pp.173-194.

Mahmud, H. (2015). Impact of the destination state on migrants’ remittances: a study of remitting among Bangladeshi migrants in the USA, the UAE and Japan. Migration and Development, 5(1), pp.79-98.

Mizanur Rahman, M. (2012). Gendering Migrant Remittances: Evidence from Bangladesh and the United Arab Emirates. International Migration, 51, pp.e159-e178.

Murawski, J. (2012). The nouveaux riches and the toilers of the Persian Gulf.

Naufal, G. and Genc, I. (2012). Expats and the labor force. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.

Nicolopoulou, K. (2011). Global knowledge work. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing.

Rahman, M. (2011). Bangladeshi Migrant Workers in the UAE: Gender-Differentiated Patterns of Migration Experiences. Middle Eastern Studies, 47(2), pp.395-411.

Travel smart - work smart. (2015). New Delhi: ILO.