A Comparison Of Kant's Philosophy And Hegel-Marx's Political Views

Kant's Philosophy

Kant was a philosopher who was born in Germany. Hume worked on Kant’s critical philosophy; Hume had awakened Kant from a dogmatic slumber to the Copernican revolution in philosophy. Kant believed that the brain develops an image or a picture of the world that depends on the senses recognized through the environment. Kant also reflected that knowledge does not define only the outside reality but is mainly a construction. Since God cannot be felt to be present around us, it is known that God exists; this can be proved through the development of faith in their existence. With faith in God, Kant said that people have moral laws that need to be accepted and react; this was discussed in Critique of Practical Reason. In Critique of Judgement, Kant made some of the understanding that the natural world makes something exist or feel something; he was surprised by knowing that individuals like gardens and cheerful lush fields give calm feeling while dark skies give scary feeling and this Kant described as Sublime (Fultot, & Turvey, 2019). He also believed in Racial sciences, such as he believed that there is only single human species living on earth, but several kinds of different races, people with some different abilities and features can be found. Kant’s moral philosophy mainly focuses on the philosophy of freedom.

Hegel and Marx have different thinking and ideas over political views. In the case of materialism, Marx takes up the process of evolution, but he did not undertake the idea behind any process. On the other side, Hegel accepts the concept of the idea, but Marx only focuses on the matter. In view of Hagel, the development of the idea is initially generated, and the matter has secondary significance. For Hagel for the new development of human resources and all the necessary things, socio-economic development is required for their advancement, but for Marx, for the advancement of humans, slavery is necessary vile, this will bring progress in humans, and it is also needed for revolt in between slaves, so this would diminish the humanity. Hagel was against slavery (Macgregor,  2018). Karl Marx mainly focused on inherited history, through which he thought to change the life of humans through revolutions, while Hegel idea about history was that it is pre-decided, or it is fixed, that would result in freedom. Hagel was more an idealist, while Karl Marx was more materialistic. Marx mainly emphasized the improvement of social developments through material life. According to Marx, God is an object as well as a subject, meaning for becoming master, one has to become a slave once; otherwise, the master would not be valued as master (Awan & Nasir, 2018).

References

Awan, A. G., & Nasir, A. A. Matrimonial issues and Marxist approach in “Pride and Prejudice” by Jane Austin. Global Journal of Management, Social Sciences and Humanities, 4(3), 651-676, 2018.

https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Drabdul-Awan/publication/326489965_Matrimonial_Issues_And_Marxist_Approach_In_Pride_And_Prejudice_By_Jane_Austen/Links/5b50a88faca27217ffa6376a/Matrimonial-Issues-And-Marxist-Approach-In-Pride-And-Prejudice-By-Jane-Austen.Pdf

Fultot, M., & Turvey, M. T. Von Uexküll’s theory of meaning and gibson’s organism–environment reciprocity. Ecological Psychology, 31(4), 289-315,  2019

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10407413.2019.1619455

Macgregor, D. 11. Beyond “Hegel’s Time”: Made in the USA, Not Available in Canada 215. In Hegel and Canada (pp. 215-242). University of Toronto Press, 2018

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.3138/9781442660663-012/html