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The abuse of women in prison

Question:

Discuss About The Perpetrators Of Intimate Partner Homicide?

The abuse of women in the prison has remained a common practice in the contemporary world. This has undoubtedly turned out to be one of the global issues where shared responsibility for the good of the common people is not being realized. The torment and abuse of women are not only been witnessed in the prison but also in the outside world. The males are treated as the superior beings (Abbott, Magin & Hu, 2017).  The principle of the common good emphasizes on human dignity and equality of all people which means all humans have the basic right to minimum standards of living (Thompson, 2017). This means women in detention also have the right to live a life free from exploitation and abuse even in prison. Hence, due to this reason, the responsibility of preserving the dignity and the safety of women should be collectively taken by every single individual particularly the nursing profession. The role of nursing profession is particularly important because they are better positioned to identify signs of abuse and educate people regarding maintaining dignity of women.   This would head towards the betterment of the females in society.

The women in their statement mentioned that only few prisoners made them feel good in the prison and they made them feel safe in the male world inside the prison. The females faced the predicament inside the prison. They felt a sense of Diaspora in that world. It was an alien world for them where they found no existence of the females. There was no space for women in the world of men management. Hence, preventive action and advocacy related strategies are necessary so that experiences of violence in women prisoners are reduced.


As male prisoners are the one who first increase risk of abuse and psychological issues in detained women prisoners, there is a need to identify solutions to change the attitude of men towards women. The nursing profession can volunteer to take part in reform programs in prison where male prisoners can be educated about gender equality. Nurses can play a role in providing gender equity training so that equal and respectful relationship can be maintained and women gets a safe environment in prison. Gender equity training can be an effective strategy to educate people living in the prison regarding dignity of all (Ievins & Crewe, 2015). Nurses have the theoretical knowledge to effectively communicate with people from diverse cultural background (Kouta & Kaite, 2011). Hence, education programmes from gender perspective can help to make male prisoners conscious about rights of women and empowering women in society instead of discriminating them.

Preserving the dignity and safety of women in prison

Apart from taking the strategy of implementing gender equity training among men prisoner, another proposed solution to address the issue of abuse among women is to implement community awareness initiative. This is important because detained women prisoners experience violence and discrimination not only in prison, but also after coming out from prisons (Johnson et al., 2015). Nursing profession can bring together people in the community and inform them about the impact of abuse on women and their life. People in the community can be reached by several media programmes or special education programmes in the community (McGarry & Nairn, 2015). The importance of giving knowledge regarding the sufferings and vulnerability of abused women is that it can change the attitude of people towards detained women. In addition, people in the community must also be educated regarding supporting women and taking actions against all factors that promotes violence against women. This is likely to empower women and support women to live life with dignity after their imprisonment (Lee & Hudson, 2017).


Many women who experience violence in prison suffer from psychology and mental health problems and they are sent to correctional home for treatment (Carbone et al., 2015). The persons are kept there for a purpose. They are found to be discharged without being restored and this acts s a barrier towards the attainment of the common good. Every individual had the opportunity towards the betterment of the society. The effect of the solution was that there was no distinction that was found between the female and the male when it came to the context of the common good of the people. It has been however found that staffs working in correctional home themselves become perpetrators of violence against women prisoners (Sorensen et al., 2015).  Hence, the attitude of all staffs, who are connected with prisoners needs to be changed. As part of the community engagement initiative, there is a need for prison authority to advocate for the safety of women prisoners and implement process to identify gendered violence and safety in women’s correctional facilities. This can help to know about individual, relational and institutional factors that promote violence against women prisoners. If attitude of staffs is the main cause of violence, then experienced nurses can be enrolled to implement violence and safety programs in jail (Asberg & Renk, 2015).


As part of the advocacy strategy, the aspirations of the common good can be maintained for women prisoners by engaging them in work and life skills program. This kind of program can be implemented in correctional home and the nurse can play a vital role in motivating these women to take part in such programs (Graffam, Shinkfield, & Lavelle, 2014).  The first aspect of nurse role would be to closely talk with victim about the issues she faces after reporting about abuse. This would help to determine whether appropriate action has been taken after the violence incident or not. The next step would be to educate nurse about the need for crisis intervention to help them overcome the suffering caused due to abuse. Close communication between nurse and prisoner can instill feeling of confidence and trust among victims and they can actively take part in work and life skills program (McKenna et al. 2015).

Strategies for preventing abuse against women in prison

Another effective approach to advocate for safety of women prisoners is to make women aware about the importance of reporting about abuse. Evidence has shown that despite being sexually abused by men in prison, many women are reluctant to report about such incident to prison authorities (Howarth & Robinson, 2016).  Hence, as part of education and preventive action to prevent abuse against women prisoners, nurses can guide women regarding the importance of reporting about abuse at the right time. This awareness about reporting abuse can limit the damage done to prisoners and it can also save them from harmful consequences in the future (Nappa, Rafique, & Caballero, 2013, July). Secondly, to encourage women to actively report about abuse, nurses can also make them aware about the process of reporting. This information can be given to inmate during orientation process and also distributed in the form of posters or bulletin boards.


Rom the above analysis, it can be concluded that genuine advocacy and community engagement strategies are effectibe steps to address the challenges in realizing the aspirations of the common good in women prisoners. The step of gender equity education, changing attitude of prison staffs, awareness about reporting abuse and implementing work and life skills program are good movement towards the attainment of the common good. The common good could be achieved through the realization of the conditions of the victims. The condition of the victims should not be pitied upon but they should be helped out. Every individual should understand the condition of the victims and they should participate in changing the thoughts. The nursing profession as well as community has a major role to play in the improvement of the issues that has been addressed in the essay. Each and every individual of the society has a major role to play in the attainment of a better society.

References

Abbott, P., Magin, P., & Hu, W. (2017). Healthcare delivery for women in prison: a medical record review. Australian journal of primary health, 22(6), 523-529.

Aguirre, E., Hoare, Z., Streater, A., Spector, A., Woods, B., Hoe, J., & Orrell, M. (2013). Cognitive stimulation therapy (CST) for people with dementia—who benefits most?. International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 28(3), 284-290.

Asberg, K., & Renk, K. (2015). Safer in Jail? A Comparison of Victimization History and Psychological Adjustment Between Previously Homeless and Non-Homeless Incarcerated Women. Feminist Criminology, 10(2), 165-187.

Carbone, A. D. S. S., Paião, D. S. G., Sgarbi, R. V. E., Lemos, E. F., Cazanti, R. F., Ota, M. M., ... & Motta-Castro, A. R. C. (2015). Active and latent tuberculosis in Brazilian correctional facilities: a cross-sectional study. BMC infectious Diseases, 15(1), 24.

Graffam, J., Shinkfield, A. J., & Lavelle, B. (2014). Recidivism among participants of an employment assistance program for prisoners and offenders. International journal of offender therapy and comparative criminology, 58(3), 348-363.

Howarth, E., & Robinson, A. (2016). Responding effectively to women experiencing severe abuse: identifying key components of a British advocacy intervention. Violence against women, 22(1), 41-63.

Ievins, A., & Crewe, B. (2015). ‘Nobody’s better than you, nobody’s worse than you’: Moral community among prisoners convicted of sexual offences. Punishment & Society, 17(4), 482-501.

Johnson, J. E., Schonbrun, Y. C., Peabody, M. E., Shefner, R. T., Fernandes, K. M., Rosen, R. K., & Zlotnick, C. (2015). Provider experiences with prison care and aftercare for women with co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders: Treatment, resource, and systems integration challenges. The journal of behavioral health services & research, 42(4), 417-436.

Kouta, C., & Kaite, C. P. (2011). Gender discrimination and nursing: α literature review. Journal of Professional Nursing, 27(1), 59-63.

Lee, J. A., & Hudson, R. E. (2017). Empowerment Approach to Social Work Treatment. Social work treatment: Interlocking theoretical approaches, 142.

McGarry, J., & Nairn, S. (2015). An exploration of the perceptions of emergency department nursing staff towards the role of a domestic abuse nurse specialist: a qualitative study. International emergency nursing, 23(2), 65-70.

McKenna, B., Skipworth, J., Tapsell, R., Madell, D., Pillai, K., Simpson, A., ... & Rouse, P. (2015). A prison mental health in?reach model informed by assertive community treatment principles: evaluation of its impact on planning during the pre?release period, community mental health service engagement and reoffending. Criminal Behaviour and Mental Health, 25(5), 429-439.

Nappa, A., Rafique, M. Z., & Caballero, J. (2013, July). Driving in the cloud: An analysis of drive-by download operations and abuse reporting. In International Conference on Detection of Intrusions and Malware, and Vulnerability Assessment (pp. 1-20). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Sorensen, J. R., Vigen, M. P., Woods, S. O., & Williams, B. D. (2015). Assaults on inmates and staff by perpetrators of intimate partner homicide: An examination of competing hypotheses. Journal of interpersonal violence, 30(19), 3367-3388.

Thompson, M. J. (2017). 9 The common good as a principle of social justice. The Good Life Beyond Growth: New Perspectives.

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