Essay: Impact Of Knowledge Management And Organizational Excellence In UK Companies.

Background of the study

Organizational excellence gets defined as the efforts which are ongoing in nature and get established as the internal processes of an organization with the intention of engaging the employees at work. The processes also ensure that the employees of the company feel motivated which in turn enhance their productivity at the workplace. Knowledge management is the concept which is also closely linked with the efficiency of a company so that the employees can achieve the organizational goals. Knowledge management ensures that there is sharing of knowledge among the employees so that competitive advantage can be gained (Mohamed et al., 2018). Knowledge management involves various types like implicit knowledge, explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge which all aid in enhancing the organizational excellence of the employees. The aim of this research is to discuss and analyze the concepts of knowledge management and organizational excellence in the UK companies.

Organizational excellence can be best achieved in any company when the organization can easily access and share the business knowledge within the structure of the company (Wilson & Campbell, 2020). This helps the employees in turning more productive and the business becomes more cost-efficient in the process. Several studies in the field have proved the fact that getting the right access to the knowledge at the correct time cab enhance the organizational skills of the employees and help them in arriving at the best decisions for the company. A robust system of knowledge management helps in stimulating innovation and collaboration into the operations of the company which enhance the organizational excellence automatically. Knowledge management and organizational excellence are the two processes that are linked to one another quite closely and result in enhanced communication flow throughout the company (Latilla et al 2018). Several researches have been conducted on this topic which has offered greater horizons to the companies to use the tool of knowledge management in achieving organizational excellence and improve the overall performance of the companies in the UK.

The issue of this research is to analyze the importance of knowledge management and organizational excellence in case of the UK companies (Najmi, Kadir & Kadir, 2018). Since the concept of knowledge management has gained huge importance over a period of time, this research is of great importance for the success of the UK companies. Creating organizational excellence in order to achieve competitive advantage in the market is of crucial importance so that companies can face the intense competition offered in the dynamic business world. If employees get access to the correct information within the company and share knowledge resources among each other, they can do well for themselves and also for the company as a whole (Pellegrini et al 2020). The research sheds light on the fact that how knowledge management impact the organizational excellence in the companies of UK.

The problem that is seen in the companies in the UK is that many of the organizations fail to develop effective knowledge management and therefore are not being able to achieve organizational excellence in the right manner.

Rational of the study

The dissertation aims at finding the impact of knowledge management and organizational excellence in the companies of UK (Abualoush, Bataineh & Alrowwad, 2018). Various theories related to the topic has been analyzed here by conducting secondary research in the field.

The research objectives are here below:

• Understanding the concept of knowledge management and organizational excellence
• Revealing the practices adopted by the UK companies in achieving organizational excellence and knowledge management.
• Understand the importance and role of knowledge management and organizational excellence
• Examine the impact of knowledge management and organizational excellence on the performance of the UK companies.

• What is knowledge management and organizational excellence?
• Describe the practices which the companies in UK adopt in knowledge management and organizational excellence?
• What the importance and roles and knowledge management and organizational excellence in the UK companies?
• What is the impact of knowledge management and organizational excellence on the performances of the companies in the UK?

H0: Knowledge management and organizational excellence have impact on the performances of the companies in the UK.

H1: Knowledge management and organizational excellence do not have an impact on the performances of the companies in the UK.

This research will help the companies in the future to lay more importance on knowledge management and apply the correct strategies so that they can achieve organizational excellence.

The dissertation has been divided into various chapters:

 Source: Created by the author

Conclusion: 

The first chapter of the dissertation was the introductory part which dealt with the research objectives and aims and also explained the rationale of the research study offering a wider perspective of the actual research study being conducted by the researcher.

This is the second chapter of the dissertation. In this chapter, the main focus is on the various theories which relate to the concepts of organizational excellence and knowledge management (Zahra et al., 2019). Several researches and studies in the field have emphasized on the importance of knowledge management and organizational excellence and have also discussed their impact on the companies in UK. Researches have also proved the fact that organizational excellence not just helps the company in achieving the organizational goals but also help the organization in achieving the desired organizational culture which contributes towards the high performances of the employees (Dawabsheh, Hussein & Jermsittiparsert, 2019). This chapter aims at understanding the two concepts in further details so that companies can obtain maximum benefit out of them and achieve their organizational goals easily.

 

Source: (created by the author)

According to (Shahzad et al., 2020), organizational excellence is the process which gets established by successful companies in the market in order to achieve superior performance in their business. For instance, most of the companies focus on quality management so that organizational excellence can be achieved and the employees of the company can accomplish their organizational goals. Some of the most vital pillars of organizational excellence as advocated by the experts (Ding, Choi & Aoyama, 2019) are leadership, market and customer focus, strategic planning, focus on human resources and business results.

 

Figure: Organizational excellence figure

Source: (Valipour Khatir, Azar & Amini, 2021)

Scholars (B?e?u & Bejinaru, 2020) have also asserted to the fact that organizational excellence can be best achieved through both transformational and transitional activities and by improving on the areas like rewards, learning systems, work processes, structure, etc.

One of the classic concepts of knowledge management is that it is the process of capturing, using and effectively distributing knowledge with the system of the company. Other experts in the field have advocated the fact that the concept of knowledge management has evolved over the years and today KM is the process that promotes to identify, capture, evaluate and share every informational assets within the company like documents, databases, policies, etc. so that there is innovation and open communication in the system (Hu, Hou & Chien, 2019). Knowledge management is also a part of the corporate culture and human resources today which lead to more efficiency on the part of the employees so that they can better achieve the organizational goals. Scholars (Zaim, Muhammed & Tarim, 2019) have emphasized on the fact that knowledge management is the process which enables the companies in breaking down the silos by gathering every information in a perfect place so that all the employees can get access to the data. Knowledge management is also a form of content management within the companies which get presented to the employees in the form of training programs, webinars, FAQs, case studies, etc.

Problem statement

According to (Poór et al., 2018), organizational excellence can be best achieved using the various kinds of leadership styles. Experts have also asserted to the fact that leadership styles like situational and democratic leadership styles are the most effective ones in ensuring organizational excellence in the company. For instance, in the democratic leadership style, the leaders allow their subordinates to make decisions on their own which improve the organizational excellence also make the employees more efficient in their work. For leaders following situational leadership style, they aim towards managing the situation using their specific kind of leadership. Scholars (Niewiesk & Garrity-Rokous, 2020) also assert to the fact that there are specific kind of leaders who use their leadership styles in order motivate the employees to work hard so that they can accomplish their goals and aim towards organizational excellence. For instance, a company might be aiming towards ISO certification and the organization’s management requires all the employees to get guided towards the process and understand the various steps involved in the entire thing. In this regard, leadership plays a very crucial role and determines the perfect action plan which can help the employees in understanding the whole process well. Further, in case of knowledge management as well, leadership plays a very crucial role. The leaders are the ones who design centralized databases for the use of the employees which facilitate knowledge sharing among them in the most effective manner (Escrivão & Silva, 2019). The leaders of the company offer strategic vision to the team members and communicate them the required knowledge so that they can use the same and work towards achieving their objectives in the company. Leaders having futuristic ideas in them are the best ones who can foster knowledge management within the companies. Their energy and commitment towards achieving the objectives motivate the coworkers in operating efficiently and thereby also help in building up operational efficiency within the company. Knowledge management within the companies also requires the continuous support of the leaders so that the outcome of the process can be obtained (Al Ahbabi et al., 2018). Leaders managing the flow of knowledge within the company must also have predictable qualities so that they can encourage creativity within the company which better helps in achieving organizational excellence. Studies in the field have also revealed the fact that the well-known software companies around UK apply such leadership styles in case of effective knowledge management which allow the individual employees to have authority and power so that they can manage their own position at the workplace and develop excellence in them to offer enhanced productivity.

ISO certification undertaken by the companies lead to effective organizational excellence. Several scholars in the field have advocated the above fact and stressed on the factor that implementation of ISO requires training to be given to the employees in this regard which help in effective knowledge management and free flow of information throughout the system of the company. (Raudeli?nien?, Davidavi?ien? & Jakubavi?ius, 2018) have asserted to the fact that ISO implementation in the companies leads to effective quality management which leads to better customer satisfaction and enhances loyalty of the customers towards the company (Ershadi & Dehdazzi 2019). The trust and reputation that the companies gain through the implementation of ISO 9001 in their system, helps in effective organizational excellence. The successful certification of the ISO 9001 improves the organizational reputation of the companies in the market and they can fetch loyal suppliers in the process as well. As per the reports being published, there are 40,621 companies in the UK that have the certifications of the ISO 9001 which have helped them in being successful in the market by progressing from one level to another with ease and confidence. The implementation of the ISO 9001 also makes the employees of the company more responsible of their acts and in this manner they turn even more skilled to achieve the organizational goals in a better manner. Scholars (Al-Dhaafri & Alosani, 2021) have also stressed on the fact that customers in the market today trust such brands which have high organizational excellence. The certification of the ISO offers competition advantage to the companies in the market and they are able to retain customers and other stakeholders for a long time. It has been seen in the studies that well-known brand like Unilever in the UK has achieved purposeful culture in the company with the ISO certification which helps it in achieving organizational excellence (Nenadál, Vykydal & Waloszek, 2018). Reputed brands in the market have also achieved strategic hiring of talented staffs in the company through the certification which have offered them with effective knowledge management and organizational excellence. The certification helps in minimizing mistakes committed within the companies which improve communications and reporting thereby facilitating organizational excellence.

Research aim

Organizational excellence in the company leads to several benefits that the organizations can enjoy in the long run (Arbab & Mahdi, 2018). It offers foundation to the development of the organization where employee can coordinate with one another to achieve the common goals of the company. Organizational excellence helps the companies in understanding that every management area within the organization are interlinked with one another and must follow certain common principles for the successful operation of the company. (Kao, 2018) have argued on the fact that organizational excellence leads to enhanced communication within the company which is of utmost importance for knowledge sharing and team work within the organization. It also helps in improving the service quality being offered by the companies to the customers and enhances their performances in the market. When there is an effective system of KM and OE within the company, employees feel motivated and engaged at the workplace which brings out their real performances and prove to be great for the organization as a whole (AlHalaseh & Ayoub, 2021). Organizational excellence and knowledge management as suggested by the experts in the field lead to increased value for the company which is very much advantageous for the future prospects of the organization in the market. Some other scholars are of the opinion that knowledge management offers priority to the circulation of two kinds of knowledge within the company- explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge (Raoof et al., 2021). This helps in making the workplace turn more efficient and initiates collaboration among the various groups within the company. OE and KM are also closely linked with the retention of valuable employees within the company which assures the success of the organization even further.

As asserted by (Al-Emran, Mezhuyev & Kamaludin, 2020), the implementation of the process of knowledge management involves various steps like collecting, summarizing, organizing, synthesizing, analyzing and decision-making using the information available within the company. When an organization successfully follows the above steps in case of KM implementation, then the outcomes achieved through the process can be highly beneficial for them. Other experts in the field have stressed on the fact that organizational excellence is dependent on various other parameters like the organizational structure, rewards, human capital analysis, work processes and the learning systems that exist within the company (Abbas & Sa?san, 2019). For the correct implementation of OE, the human capital within the company requires to be analyzed correctly so that they can be motivated in the right manner to offer higher productivity for the success of the company. Further research in the field has shown the fact the a well-known company like Unilever focuses on the areas of employee development, talent management, industry benchmarking and quality control so that it can achieve organizational excellence an competitive advantage in the market. Finally, scholars (Shujahat et al., 2019) have expressed their opinion on the fact that after the organizations decide on the areas that need to be improved for achieving organizational excellence, they require allocating the correct resources in the fields so that the implementation process turns more optimized.

Research objectives

Experts (Rashid, Tout & Yakan, 2021) in the field have advocated the fact that organizational excellence in the companies get affected by various intervening, casual and end-result variables. The casual variables are the independent variables which affect the organizational excellence and the end-results variables include the factors of productivity and earnings of the company which also have impact of OE. Another vital factor affecting organizational excellence is the leadership quality existing with the company structure which can help in motivating the employees and also assist in the buildup of positive company culture within the organization (Arpaci, Al-Emran & Al-Sharafi, 2020). Accountability of the employees and communication within the workforce are also vital factors affecting OE and knowledge management within the companies. For instance, companies like Unilever and Diageo in the UK measure the key metrics from time to time within their companies in order to understand the factors impacting OE and on that basis they work towards improving on such areas. Other experts have advocated the fact that using OE companies can use the key parameters in overcoming the hindrances at the workplace so that they can accomplish their tasks successfully (Payal, Ahmed & Debnath, 2019).

According to (Shujahat et al., 2018), organizational excellence have huge impact on the operations of the companies in the UK. With organizational excellence, the companies can achieve a great workforce serving them which help the organization in achieving its organizational goals with ease. Experts have also expressed their opinion on the fact that organizational excellence has close connection with employee performance and impacts several other factors within the company like creativity, profitability, effectiveness and innovation (Al-Dmour, Al-Dmour, & Rababeh, 2020). The study on the performances of Unilever in the UK clearly show the fact that owing to organizational excellence, the company has achieved huge market share in the country and even throughout the world and the employees of the organization always remain motivated to offer more to it. Through OE, Unilever is being able to come up with a huge variety of innovative products in the market which no other company can match up to. Organizational excellence is aligned to people’s excellence in the company and therefore has huge positive impact on the performances of the organizations in the business world (Bahar, Wahab & Rahman, 2020). The process helps the employees to improve on a continuous basis by empowering them with the correct tools so that they can offer enhanced quality to the customers every time. Some of the other experts in the field have asserted to the fact that companies like HSBC and Diageo in the UK focus on knowledge management and consider it to be integral asset of their companies. Reports have shown the fact that effective knowledge management helps in reducing employee turnover within the companies which benefit the organizations to a huge extent. Using KM, HSBC has achieved the required technological infrastructure within the system of the company and serves millions of customers all over the UK in the most seamless manner (Elmorshidy, 2018). With effective knowledge management within the companies, the employees are able to improve their skills on decision-making and therefore can offer enhanced performances to the organizations.

Research questions

Research methodology is the method in which the researcher designs the research in the most appropriate manner. This comprise of the third chapter of the dissertation and deals with multiple methods using which the researcher has approached in conducting the studies.

Various tools and theories have been used by the researcher in order to conduct this study. The research philosophy that the researcher has chosen in this study is the positivism theory and for the research approach, the deductive method has been used (Abuaddous et al., 2018). This has helped the researcher in focusing on the existing theories and models which relate to the study. As for the design of the research, the descriptive design method has been used and the research strategy makes use of reliable articles from authentic sources to analyze the topic in further details. Secondary data has been used in this research and the data collected have been examined using the qualitative method of analysis.

Using the design of the research onion, the researcher has got the help of designing the research paper accordingly so that an in-depth knowledge of the study can be acquired. This process comprises of six layers which help the researcher in meeting the objectives of the research study.

 

Figure: Research onion

Source: (Gupta & Chopra, 2018)

Research philosophies can be mainly of three types- realism, positivism and interpretivism. The positivism philosophy helps in the actual identification of the problem of the study and interpretivism deals with management and business activities. Realism is the mixed approach. In this study, the positivism theory has been used so that the theories related to OE and KM can be better understood. This method has also helped in the investigation of the topic in a critical and logical manner. The other two approaches have not been used as they depend on perceptions of the human beings.

This can also be of two types- inductive and deductive. In this inductive approach new models and theories get used while in the deductive approach, existing models and theories are used. This research has chosen the deductive approach so that the outcome of the study can be better achieved using the existing models and theories on knowledge management and organizational excellence.

This is of three types- analytical or descriptive, exploratory and explanatory designs. The descriptive design offers a detailed research to the study. The exploratory design gets conducted during the initial stages of the research and the explanatory design aids in the development of the relationship between two variables involved in the research study. In this study, the descriptive or analytical design mode has been selected so that the theories involved in the study can be better understood and analyzed to arrive at the most prudent solutions. It has helped in critical analysis of the research topic.

The research strategy offers the correct direction to the researcher using which he or she conducts the actual study (Delshab et al., 2020). In this case, the research strategy that has been used is the selection of reliable articles from authentic sources like Google Scholar so that transparency of the study can be maintained.

Research hypotheses

Data collection method can be of two types- primary and secondary data collection method. In primary data collection method the researcher collects data using interviews and surveys and in secondary method, information in the printed form gets used. In this study, the secondary data collection method has been used where facts relating to the topic under consideration are being collected from journals and authentic articles.

Data analysis has helped in better understanding the theories that have been collected on the topic under consideration. The qualitative data analysis method has been used in analyzing the information being collected which has helped in addressing the research questions properly and helped the researcher in identifying the facts and patterns of the study in a systematic manner.

Strict ethical guidelines have been followed in conducting the research and only authentic articles relevant to the study have been analyzed in the process.

One of the limitations that this research study has faced is that more time should have been given to the study so that there could be better understanding developed on the concepts of knowledge management and organizational excellence.

The researcher has divided the entire study into a specific time horizon which is represented in the form of Gantt chart. (Refer Appendix 1)

Therefore, this chapter comprises of detailed information on research methodology that has been used in this study and there is also justifications given as to why the specific methods in the study have been used.

In this chapter which is the fourth part of the dissertation, the secondary researches on the topic have been conducted and the analysis of the information gained has been done using the qualitative analysis.

AUTHOR AND YEAR	AIMS AND OBJECTIVES	METHODS	RESULTS	DISCUSSION
Augustine,2019	To understand and investigate how organizational excellence has been achieved through talent and knowledge and management improving the performances of the banks in the UK	The study in the article has been done using the secondary research methods where the theories relating to knowledge management and organizational excellence have been analyzed to achieve the objectives of the research.	The results of the study have shown the fact that the performances of the banks in UK have improved a lot owing to appropriate talent and knowledge management within the company. Further, the banks in the UK have achieved organizational excellence which has offered them with enhanced reputation in the market.	Study has reflected that knowledge management within the banks in the UK has motivated the employees to offer better performances and bring out more innovations at the workplace. They have been able to develop their professional skills further so that they can achieve the organizational goals which have helped in offering organizational excellence to the financial institutions.
Dey, Al-Karaghouli & Muhammad, (2020)	To investigate how the use of technology during the period of Covid-19 has helped in better knowledge management in the UK companies and offered enhanced organizational excellence to the organizations.	The method used in the study is again secondary research made using authentic articles and industry report offering facts of KM and OE with their impact on the companies in the UK.	The results of the study have proved the fact how increased use of technology in the companies in the UK have offered them with greater organizational excellence and knowledge management and have also improved the productivity of the workers.	The study also reflected the fact that with knowledge management using the appropriate technology, the employees got retained better within the companies in the UK and they helped the organization in achieving competitive advantage in the market.
RAHAL & ZENNIR, 2017	To understand how the implementation of ISO certification in case of Unilever offered organizational excellence and also assisted in effective knowledge management.	Secondary analysis using articles and peer journals information on the topic has been derived in the study	The results of the study has offered the conclusion that ISO implementation has offered enhanced competitive advantage to Unilever in the markets of UK and owing to the organizational excellence that the company derived from this strategy, they gained several more customers in the market.	The study reflected the fact that by adopting green supply chain management, the company aimed at improving its quality services to the customers which enhanced their organizational excellence and also assisted in effective knowledge management within the company.
GASHAW, (2020)	To investigate how leadership lead to motivating the employees in the company, Diageo in the UK which resulted in enhanced organizational excellence.	Secondary analysis of the facts has been used here.	The results of the study has revealed the fact the leaders of the company have used the tactic of offering rewards to the employees which motivated them to offer better productivity at the workplace which helped in achieving organizational excellence on the part of the employees.	The study involves the discussion on how rewards helped in offering motivation to the employees of the brewery company in the UK which also enhanced the organizational culture of the company. This offered organizational excellence and also assisted in knowledge management.
MADESSA (2020)	To investigate how implementation of ISO 9001 has helped the company in gaining organizational excellence and effectively manage knowledge within the organization.	Peer-reviewed articles and journals have been analyzed in preparing the study.	The results have revealed the fact that implementation of the ISO 9001 in the operations of Diageo have offered them with enhanced excellence and at the same time offered competitive advantage to the company.	The discussion revolves around the fact that with implementation of quality standards, the company has been able to achieve better organizational excellence which benefits its business in the UK a lot.
Scholar, Shaikh, & Deshpande, 2020	To understand the role of quality management and the six sigma model on the organizational excellence of the service companies in the UK.	Secondary analysis of the facts has been done to arrive at the results of the study.	The results of the study has revealed the fact that organizational excellence can be best achieved when there is effective quality control with the service companies.	The discussion revolves around the fact that with TQM and sigma model, the service companies in the UK can offer better quality services to the customers which ultimately offer them enhanced organizational excellence.
ÇAKIR & ADIGÜZEL, (2020)	To investigate how leadership effected knowledge management with the bank HSBC in the UK.	Secondary research is the method being used	The results reveal the fact that using the correct leadership styles, the leaders in the bank have been able motivate the employees with knowledge sharing and management which ultimately has enhanced their performances in the company.	The discussion revolves around the fact that leaders are the ones who can initiate correct knowledge management within the company which has helped HSBC in achieving organizational excellence and competitive advantage in the financial market.

This chapter will carry out qualitative analysis of the articles being studied in the earlier chapter and the analysis is being presented in the form of a table. The findings from the analysis are also being discussed here.

AUTHOR & YEAR	LEVEL OF EVIDENCE	HIERARCHY OF EVIDENCE	METHODOLOGICAL	IMPORTANCE OF STUDY DESIGN	SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY FOCUS
RAHAL & ZENNIR, 2017	9	8	9	9	9
MADESSA, 2020	8	7	8	7	7
GASHAW, (2020)	6	8	7	5	6
ÇAKIR & ADIGÜZEL, (2020)	4	5	3	2	5
Scholar, Shaikh, & Deshpande, 2020	5	3	2	2	3
Dey, Al-Karaghouli & Muhammad, (2020)	2	3	1	2	1
Augustine, 2019	2	3	1	3	2

The above analysis of the secondary data has been offered quality appraisal which clearly reveal the fact how the data obtained in the study leads to effectively outcomes of the research. Firstly, it has been seen that that article given the first ranking in the list above clearly show ISO implementation and organizational excellence are closely linked to one another and has helped the company Unilever in the UK in achieving enhanced organizational excellence (Alias et al., 2018). The article given the second ranking as this study also emphasize on the importance of ISO implementation in the success of the companies in the UK which has also been specified in the literature review part in the chapter 2 of the study. The article given the third ranking has proved the fact that leadership style used in Diageo has helped the company in effective knowledge management and thereby offered organizational excellence to the organization. The linkage between the leadership styles used in the companies and its impact on organizational excellence has been clearly reflected in the study.

The fourth article emphasized on the fact that the leaders of the HSBC bank helped in effective knowledge management within the organization which led to the employees working more efficiently for the success of the company in the competitive market. This also answers the research question as to how knowledge management in the companies has impact on their successes in the UK (Srivastava, Chandra, & Srivastava, 2019). The fifth article in the quality appraisal list emphasize on the fact that the use of quality control measures like TQM and the six sigma model help in offering enhanced organizational excellence to the companies in the UK. However, there has been no solid evidence found in the study regarding the knowledge management in the service companies using quality control measures and therefore there is some lack in the research work. In the sixth article, the use of technology has been linked to better organizational excellence and KM in the companies in the UK but the actual progress figures in the company’s operations have not been highlighted in the study. In the last article, the organizational excellence in the banks in the UK have been linked to effective talent management within the companies but the analysis being done in the study are not quite in-depth in nature.

Significance of the study

From the analysis being made it is quite evident that the successful companies in the UK like Diageo, Unilever and HSBC have all laid importance to organizational excellence and knowledge management within the companies which have helped in getting competitive edge in the market and be ahead of other competitors in the field. The employees of the company get to use the data available to them in the appropriate manner so that they can arrive at the best decisions for the profitability and success of the company. The companies like Unilever and Diageo follow excellence in their work as they deliberately perform exceptionally to grab the attention of the customers and by catering to their needs effectively. Employee competency and engagement in the companies are encouraged on a frequent basis which has helped them in reaching to the position of the top companies performing in the UK.

Chapter 6: Conclusion and recommendation: 

At the end of the dissertation, the researcher has come to the conclusion that organizational excellence and knowledge management are crucial aspects impacting the success of the companies in the UK. If the two concepts get effectively used in the companies, then they can achieve huge competitive advantage in the market and also cater to the interests of the customers in the most effective manner.

For better results in achieving organizational excellence, companies must motivate their workforce so that they feel engaged within the company and can give in their best performances. The goals and mission of the company must be communicated to the employees well so that they can understand what they must work towards to achieve excellence in their works. Collaboration of the teams is another vital aspect of organizational excellence and it is the duty of the leaders of the company to initiate this into the organization. When the leaders can motivate the employees to work in teams, then the performance of the company automatically gets enhanced and it can achieve excellence in the market.

Knowledge management in the companies can get enhanced when there is centralization of information and every employee and manager of the company is able to access the data even from the remote locations. This has turned particularly essential in view of the spread of the covid-19 virus all over the world where the companies totally depended on the digital and cloud system for knowledge and data sharing. The leaders of the company must offer intrinsic motivation to the employees so that they can get encouraged with regard to knowledge sharing within the organization and improve on their skills to achieve better excellence for the companies.

It is also being recommended that no company can sustain in the market without innovation and creativity in their services. Knowledge management and organizational excellence are two ways in which companies can bring in innovation in their work and also gain the trust of the customers with the quality of services being rendered to them. It is also vital to solicit questions and feedback within the operations of the company so that there is better sharing of knowledge among the different departments in the company.

Structure of the research study

It is also being recommended that the small companies in the UK must first try to incorporate the correct leadership styles and implement ISO 9001 in their services so that they can offer better services to the customers in the market and thereby achieve enhanced organizational excellence. Enhanced communication and sharing of knowledge among the various departments of the company must also be encouraged so that effective knowledge management can take place.

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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0160791X19304774

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